فهرست مطالب

International Journal of Health Studies
Volume:5 Issue: 2, Apr-Jun 2019

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1398/10/12
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Maliheh Arab*, Samaneh Saraeian, Ghazaleh Fazli, Robabeh Ghodssi Ghassemabadi, Seyyedeh Neda Kazemi, Nasrin Yousefi Pages 1-4
    Background

    This study found a way to change the lifestyle and reduced the risk factors of osteopenia in menopause Iranian women.

    Methods

    A cross-sectional study was designed in order to enroll 50 years or older asymptomatic women, who referred to the Imam Hossein medical center, Tehran, Iran for outpatient screening from 2013 up to 2015. A questionnaire including forty-one risk factors was completed and bone mass densitometry (BMD) was done by the DXA method. Bone density of femur and lumbar spine according to standard curves was calculated for each person and was recorded in the questionnaire as a study outcome. Data were analyzed using SPSS 17 software. Significant level was set at 0.05.

    Results

    In the present study, 317 cases participated who had mean age of 52.46 years old. BMD revealed 237 (75%) osteopenia or osteoporosis prevalence. Age, menopause age and BMI related to the study outcomes significantly. Cost of each osteoporosis-osteopenia case in 50 years old or older women was 59 Dollars. Osteoporosisosteopenia was significantly related to age (Pvalue = 0.001) and menopause age (Pvalue = 0.003).

    Conclusions

    It is reasonable that 75% osteopenia-osteoporosis will be found by BMD screening in 50 years or older Iranian women, especially if BMI be low and in the early menopause age.

    Keywords: Osteopenia, Lifestyle, Menopause, Women
  • Narjes Zare, Mohammad Hassan Eftekhari*, Haleh Ghaem, Arash Dashtabi Pages 5-8
    Background

    Low serum zinc concentration is associated with obesity, and its deficiency has been linked to many pathogenesis aspects of obesity. The present study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of zinc deficiency in the obese adults with increased appetite in Shiraz, Fars province, south of Iran. Furthermore, we aimed to evaluate the serum zinc correlation with some demographic and anthropometric indices.

    Methods

    In this study, 260 adults with the ages ranged from 25 to 55 years old were selected for serum zinc concentration. Age, sex, job, education level, physical actively, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), and waist to hip ratio (WHR) were also recorded for each participants. Using calorimeter method, we considered the serum level of zinc less than 70µg/dL as deficient.

    Results

    Mean serum level of zinc was 96.37 ± 18.24 µg/dL. The prevalence rate of zinc deficiency was 8%, which was more prevalent among female participants than male ones with no significant difference (9.8% and 4.6%, respectively, Pvalue = 0.14). The participants’ characteristics were not statistically different between normal and deficient groups, and serum zinc concentration had no correlation with age, sex, height, weight, BMI, WC, HC, and WHR.

    Conclusions

    Zinc deficiency in obese adults living in Shiraz is as prevalent as other population groups, and also other regions of Iran. Zinc deficiency is considered as a possible risk factor for obesityrelated diseases, and requires more investigations.

    Keywords: Zinc, Deficiency, Prevalence, Obesity, Iran
  • Ronak Latifnezhad*, Ali Younesian, Vahid Tadibi Pages 9-13
    Background

    Apnea is a common disorder in the community. The aim of the study was to compare the acute effects of activity and periodic hypoxia on the nitric oxide, blood pressure, and the pulmonary function in apnea.

    Methods

    The study was as a clinical, pretest, and posttest intervention. A total of 11 males enrolled in the study and completed at least four options of the STOP-Bang inventory. They performed aerobic exercise on a treadmill with intensity of 70 0/0 heart rate reserve, during 40 minutes in intermittent hypoxia. The subjects inhaled intermittently 5 minutes normoxic and hypoxic (11%) air at sitting position for 1 hour. Nitric oxide, blood pressure, and lung function were measured before and after interventions. SPSS22 was used to analyze the collected data. Kolmogorov-Smirnov, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation tests were used. The significance level was set at 0.05.

    Results

    Significantly elevated nitric oxide and reduced systolic blood pressure were observed at 40, 50 and 60 minutes in the intermittent aerobic exercise (Pvalue ≤ 0.05). We found a significant relationship between reduction in systolic blood pressure at 50 minutes and PEF in post 30 and 60 minutes. The results revealed heightened serum nitric oxide after aerobic exercise sessions and diminished systolic blood pressure. However, there was no difference in the lung function factors before and after the interventions.

    Conclusions

    Aerobic exercise increases the nitric oxide better than hypoxia does and reduces blood pressure. Thus, it can be used in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

    Keywords: Nitric oxide, Acute training, Lung function, Apnea
  • Mohammadreza Amerian*, Reza Kohsari, Alireza Saberyan Pages 14-18
    Background

    Spiritual health is one of the important health dimensions, which helps stabilizing the person's internal characteristics and improves the individuals' quality of life. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between will-power and spiritual well-being of students in Shahroud university of medical sciences.

    Methods

    431 students were evaluated by distributing the Paloutzian and Ellison Spiritual well-being questionnaire and Iranian Will-Power Inventory. Spiritual health as a dependent variable, and power of will and the variables of gender, age, marital status, field of study, place of residence, and being native or non-native were measured.

    Results

    Regression results of structural equations showed that the demographic factors such as gender, marital status, educational level, and will-power variables predict the spiritual health score belonged to the students. The results also indicated that the will-power is associated with an increase in the spiritual health score of the students (beta = 0.61, Pvalue = 0.001).

    Conclusions

    Based on the findings, it seems that through the educational interventions and presentation of educational packages, strengthening of will-power is necessary for promoting the spiritual health of the students

    Keywords: Spiritual well-being, Will-Power, Students, Structural equation model
  • Laleh Behboudi, Mojtaba Eizadi*, Homa Masrour Pages 19-24
    Background

    Laboratory studies have revealed that intense exercise is associated with increased production of free radicals, and weakened capacity of antioxidant. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of short-term whey protein supplementation on some oxidant and antioxidant indices following an intense exercise session among nonathletic men.

    Methods

    In this double blind randomized clinical trial study, 24 nonathlete male students (21.9 ± 1.19 kg of weight) without any chronic and metabolic diseases were randomly allocated into two groups: males who received whey protein supplement (0.4 g / kg body weight for 3 consecutive days), and those who received placebo. Blood samples were collected before, immediately, 24, 48, and 72 hours after an intense resistance exercise session, and were analyzed for glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The repeated measure ANOVA was used to compare GPx and LDH between these two groups.

    Results

    Significant differences were observed in the GPx change pattern between the two groups. On the other hand, at each stage of the sampling, there was a significant increase in the amount of GPx compared to placebo group (1.164 ± 0.166 vs 0.924 ± 0.054 for 24 recovery; 1.111 ± 0.104 vs 0.896 ± 0.105 for 48 hours recovery; 1.036 ± 0.131 vs 0.873 ± 0.083 for 72 hours recovery) (Pvalue < 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in the LDH change pattern between the two groups (Pvalue = 0.99).

    Conclusions

    Whey protein supplementation is associated with the improvement of GPx activity after an intense resistance exercise among non-athletic young men.

    Keywords: Antioxidant enzyme, Resistance exercise, Whey protein, Stress oxidative
  • Sayed Alireza Ghorashi, Shirin Zilaei Bouri*, Mohammad Ali zarbayjani Pages 25-30
    Background

    Obesity and overweight, along with inactive lifestyle, have been introduced as the most important risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, especially among elderly. This study aimed to determine the effect of circular training (resistance-interval) combined with berberine on cardiovascular risk factors and C reactive protein (CRP) in overweight elderly men.

    Methods

    40 sedentary healthy elderly male with the ages ranged from 50 to 55 years old were divided into 4 groups as following: circular training (resistance-interval, 8 weeks, 3 times/weekly) (CT), berberine supplementation (BS), circular training combined with berberine (CTBS), and control (CON) groups (n = 10 each group). The duration of Intervention was 8 weeks. Fasting blood samples were collected before and 48 hours after the last training session to determine the cardiovascular risk factors (TG, TC, LDL, HDL) and serum CRP for all groups. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used to compare the groups' results.

    Results

    All interventions (CT, BS, and CT-BS) resulted in significant decrease in TG, TC, and LDL, and also an increase in DL. Serum CRP was significantly decreased in CT and CT-BS groups, but not in BS. In addition, significant difference was observed in cardiovascular risk factors and CRP within groups with emphasizing more on cardiovascular effects of CT-BS.

    Conclusions

    Based on the results, it is concluded that circular trainings combined with berberine supplementation is associated with more cardiovascular effectiveness than each one alone in overweight elderly men.

    Keywords: Cardiovascular risk factor, Circular exercise, Berberine, Elderly, Overweight
  • Aynollah Naderi*, Shahabeddin Bagheri, Mohammad H. Rezvani Pages 31-34
    Background

    Posture impairment can be an integral component of overuse injuries in the sport. The purpose of this study was to compare the shoulder posture and scapular kinematic among swimmers with and without shoulder pain.

    Methods

    Thirty-six swimmers, 18 swimmers without shoulder pain, and 18 swimmers with shoulder pain, with were selected as samples in consultation with an orthopedic specialist. Static and dynamic posture including FH-FSP were measured using a digitized, side-view photograph; pectoralis minor length using a tape measure; scapular anterior tilting index via a ruler; scapular rotation as well as protraction by a DiVeta method.

    Results

    The results showed that FH and FS angle were significantly greater in the swimmers with shoulder pain than those without shoulder pain. On the other hand, scapular protraction and rotation were not significantly different between the groups. However, pectoralis minor length was significantly shorter in the swimmers with shoulder pain than those without shoulder pain. FS angle and pectoralis minor length were significant predictors for shoulder pain.

    Conclusions

    The results of our study regarding the role of posture and scapular kinematics in the shoulder pain are inconclusive due to the large number of confounding variables that may have influenced the results. Future studies should be performed to evaluate the effects of these variables.

    Keywords: Scapula, Position, Protraction, Upper cross syndrome
  • Farnaz Revjam, Ehsan Nezakati, Pouneh Zolfaghari, Mehrshad Mousapour, Mohammad Bagher Sohrabi* Pages 35-39
    Background

    Brucellosis is a common disease between humans and animals which can cause various types of organ involvement. Of the most common and important disorders, it is a skeletal disorder that causes severe pain. The aim of this study was done to compare the behavioral changes in pain patterns in brucellosis patients under oral gabapentin and naproxen treatment.

    Methods

    This study was a paralleled randomized controlled clinical trial on 86 patients with brucellosis disease. All 15-65-year-old patients with diagnosed brucellosis and no history of other systemic diseases were included. Patients with a history of using corticosteroids were excluded. After receiving their informed consent, the eligible patients were randomly divided into two equal groups of intervention (gabapentin) and control group (naproxen) using a block randomization method. Then, the pain severity was assessed using visual analog scale (VAS) before, as well as 4, 7, and 10 days postintervention. In this study, the patients, data collector (pain intensity assessment), and analyzer were blinded. The data were analyzed using repeated measure ANOVA. Significance level was set at 0.05.

    Results

    Among the participants, 56 patients (65.1%) were male and the mean age of the patients was 46.85 ± 19.15 years, which was not significantly different between the two groups. In the case of painful and involved joints, sacroiliac joint with 34 cases (39.5%) was the most commonly involved joint in both groups. There was a significant difference between the two groups regarding the mean pain intensity on the fourth day (Pvalue = 0.021) and seventh day (Pvalue = 0.001), while there was no difference at other times.

    Conclusions

    The results of this study revealed that gabapentin significantly and rapidly decreased skeletal pain in brucellosis patients. Therefore, it can be used as an appropriate drug for the control of bone and joint pain in brucellosis patients, though at least it should be used for a few day period.

    Keywords: Brucellosis, Gabapentin, Naproxen, Skeletal pain