فصلنامه توسعه کارآفرینی
سال دوازدهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 45، پاییز 1398)

The purpose of this study is to discover factors that affect the transformation of entrepreneurial intention to action in value creation. In this article, the construct of the entrepreneurial propensity for market analysis (EPMA)(Emami and Klein, 2020) is used as the mediator between value creation intention and action. The role of action, as the consequence of this construct and its driving factors, as its causes, have been conceptualized in this article. The relationships between the consequences and the causes have been investigated using structural equation modeling (SEM). This study uses a longitudinal survey method and the samples of entrepreneurs in this research are individuals from science and technology parks in Iran. Results indicate that the entrepreneur’s attitude towards value creation and self-efficacy has a significant effect on the action; however, social norms, as the prerequisite of intention, do not affect action. As a result, the impact of entrepreneurial self-efficacy on the perceptions of planned behaviors (intention and action) is greater than EPMA.

Today, the economies of developed countries are based on the small and medium enterprises. An important condition for sustained success in the current economy is the expansion of small enterprises. They play an important role in consolidating incomes, economic growth and community employment. In this regard, the present study was conducted to design the model of the cooperative-oriented entrepreneurship ecosystem in rural home-based entreprises. The present study is an applied and descriptive-survey research. In this study, fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) was used. In-depth study of theoretical sources was conducted to identify the dimensions of entrepreneurial ecosystem in cooperative rural businesses. The research population was 25 experts in the field of rural entrepreneurship who participated for prioritizing and measuring relative importance of themes and sub-themes. 30 sub-themes were extracted, which were placed in six main themes. The Holsty formula was used to confirm the reliability, which was 0.088. The findings showed that the political dimension (explicit support of cooperative-oriented entrepreneurship in the country), socio-cultural (building self-confidence in local investors), financing (financial support and facility support from cooperative-oriented entreprises) and the market (creating entrepreneurship networks and international cooperation) were of greater importance in a cooperative-oriented entreprises ecosystem in home-based entreprises.

The entrepreneurial team is the prevailing form of business foundation in the IT industry. Therefore, much of the attention drawn by the entrepreneurial team in the IT context. Despite positive performance impact of the structure of the entrepreneurial team found in the traditional context, there was little reconciliation among studies in the IT context. Data gathered using a made questionnaire randomly, from a sample of 98 founders in IT firms founded by an entrepreneurial team in Tehran. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) used to analyze data. Cronbach’s alpha for all constructs was over 0.7 and Average Variance Extracted (AVE) for them was well above the threshold of 0.5, providing support for both the reliability and validity of data gathering tool. This study revealed that the lack of explanations on the mechanism by which the structure of the entrepreneurial team affects performance was the source of contradictions. Our results show that the size and the diversity of the entrepreneurial team, affected by the level of environmental dynamism, affect the level of access to resources via the creation of the entrepreneurial network and leads to superior performance results.

Today public opinion and researchers in Iran believe violation of ethical principles is undeniable reality and public concern. However, there are successful entrepreneurs in food industry which their commitment to business ethics is rare. Due to need to deep understanding of alive experience of successful entrepreneurs and they flourish in business ethical actions, this applied qualitative research tries to explore subjects’ understanding of business ethics essence and their reasons to commitment to it, by classic grounded theory. Authors tried to explain their business ethical experiences on through deep interviews and find reasons to commitment. Research population is Iranian food industry successful entrepreneurs which identified by criterion like owners ownership of established firms, repeated innovation, ownership of brand; final selection has been down by purposeful sampling. Data has been gathered through ten event based interviews. Data analysis has been done through two real and theoretical coding by using classic grounded theory. Findings are that subjects have different understanding from business ethics. Their main concern is acquire benefit (interest and BREKAT) through guaranteed way and it is fulfilled by balancing self-interests and stakeholders interests in business weightier. However, stakeholders are different in their views. The reason for their commitment to business ethics is benefit which is functionalistic. Though, benefit for some of them is economic interest and business development, for others it is economic interest and BAREKAT which is result of satisfaction of latent stakeholder of business.

The purpose of this applied research was to formulate and apply a framework for assessing the ecosystem of ICT startup businesses in Ilam province using an exploratory mixed methodology. In the first phase, based on the formulations of the focus group and with the participation of 14 ICT key informants, a framework for three levels of ecosystem components, dimensions and indicators, and seven components (policy, finance, culture, support, human capital, market and Environmental attractiveness) was identified. In the second phase, using the AHP method, the importance degree of each dual criterion of the importance and accessibility amount was calculated and then by using the weights obtained, the identified indicators in the first phase, ranked by the using TOPSIS model. Respondents at this phase were also former participants in focus group who were selected among the ICT startup ecosystem stakeholders in Ilam province through purposeful sampling. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire based on the findings of the first phase. Assessing the status of the ICT- based startups ecosystem showed that there is the highest gap in dimensions of the government, insurance and tax, financial capital, cultural role models, support services and startup network

Discovering and employing entrepreneurship opportunities is one of the most important principles of the supply chain entrepreneurship.But, entrepreneurial opportunities have been very transient and have a specific frame as the openness of this frame has a time limit. If this time is up, they will no longer be considered an opportunity and the window will close. Understanding the signs and signals of opening windows of opportunity across the supply chain to exploit opportunities is the subject of this research. In this research, based on the meta-synthesis quantitative method and Studying past texts and documents, about 295 papers and books (internal and external sources) have been reviewed. Then, in order to refine and control the quality of the texts, using the critical evaluation skills, 36 final papers were selected; after reviewing and combining the common concepts and also analyzing The reliability of the dimensions and the obtained components With the help of experts and using the CAPA index, the final model of the opportunity window in the supply chain based on changes in 8 main Category (Economic changes, social and cultural changes, political and legal changes, technology changes, new knowledge, market failures, industry and market changes and demographic changes) and 37 tem has been presented. This model can be considered as the basis for managers planning throughout the supply chain to create entrepreneurship

One of the main obstacles on the way of nascent entrepreneurs to create and develop their businesses is gaining financial resources. A common method of financing for nascent entrepreneurs is to use the resources that investors can provide. The entrepreneurs' tendency to attract these financial resources, as well as the limitation of the investors' financial resources gives special significance to the way investors select their new investments. In the present paper, thus, attempt has been made to identify and model the behavior of nascent entrepreneurs expected by investors in the process of investment. To this purpose, we utilized the qualitative method, and Grounded Theory with a systematic approach. The sample population in this study included all active investors in venture capitalists and accelerators in the province of Tehran who have at least had one experience of investing on nascent entrepreneurs. Sampling from the population continued up to the point of theoretical saturation, which was achieved in the twelfth interview. The results revealed that having an entrepreneurial spirit, sociability, and strategic behavior are among the most important features investors expect from nascent entrepreneurs.

Studies have shown the significant impact of entrepreneurial intention on starting and running a business and the importance of financial issues on the formation of entrepreneurial intention. However, few research has been done on financial issues and their impact on entrepreneurial intention, especially among university students. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to use the theory of planned behavior to investigate the effect of personal financial characteristics such as (financial optimism, perceived access to finance, financial self-efficacy and financial overconfidence) on entrepreneurial intentions of students from Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran. In terms of purpose, this research is practical, and in terms of nature, it is a quantitative- correlation study. A sample of 294 postgraduate students from the Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran was selected using the random sampling method. A questionnaire was used for data collection and AMOS24, SPSS21 software was used for data analysis. The results showed that personal financial characteristics had a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurial intention of students. In addition, the results of this study showed that financial optimism and perceived access to finance had a positive and significant effect on students’ entrepreneurial intention, but financial self-efficacy and financial overconfidence were not significantly correlated with students' entrepreneurial intention.