Hormozgan Medical Journal
Volume:23 Issue: 4, Dec 2019

Although time models of Aquafit are necessary among clinical guidelines to reduce weight, their implications on the health of the body are still controversial.

This study aimed to examine whether different time models of Aquafit per se would have beneficial effects on weight loss parameters.

This prospective experimental research was conducted at the Ukrainian Sports Medicine Center (Kyiv, 2017) for 12 weeks. Selected volunteers from sedentary, overweight postmenopausal females (66 individuals) were randomly divided into two exercise programs, containing 33 females per group: moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT, mean age and BMI of 53.5 ± 6.3 years and 28.6 ± 1.2 kg/m2, respectively), and high-intensity interval training (HIIT, mean age and BMI of 54.6 ± 5.4 years and 28.7 ± 1.1 kg/m2, respectively). Both study groups performed water aerobics with three sessions of 60 minutes a week with similar energy expenditures (1500 kcal per week). Parameters of weight loss, such as body mass, BMI, lipid profile, and circumference of the waist, have been calculated before and after the study.

Compared with initial data, all studied parameters in both intervention groups were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Significant differences were only found in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) between MICT and HIIT groups (P < 0.001). As well as, total cholesterol (T-C) to HDL-C ratio in HIIT was increased more than the MICT group (respectively, 0.75 and 0.69; P < 0.001).

Weight loss caused by Aquafit results in the decrease of pro-atherogenic lipoproteins (T-C and LDL-C) in both groups of females during the menopause, whereas a further rise of HDL-C increases as a critical element of cholesterol transport, only with HIIT.

One of the most important therapeutic challenges is fighting against infectious diseases and developing their bacteria high antibiotic resistance. Bacterial resistance is one of the reasons for the growing uses of herbs in treating bacterial infections.

The purpose of this study was investigating the antibacterial and anti-biofilm properties of the bulb of Urginea maritima against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC: 27853, ATCC: 9027) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC: 25923, ATCC: 9144).

Methanol and acetone extracts of the bulb were prepared by the Soxhlet method. The antibacterial properties of the extracts were evaluated by the agar well diffusion method, and the minimum inhibitory concentration was evaluated by the microdilution method. The anti-biofilm effect of the extracts was also measured by the microplate technique and by crystal violet dying. Determining the compounds of the U. maritima bulb was done by the GC/MS device.

Results showed that acetone extract of U. maritima bulb prevents the growth of standard and clinical strains of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. The highest antibiofilm effect was related to the methanol extract of the bulb against S. aureus, with the reducing of biofilm production of about 94%. Most of the extracted compounds of the U. maritima bulb include xylene, pentane, and phenyl ethane.

The data of this study suggest that methanol and acetone extracts of the bulbs of U. maritima have potential activity as an antibacterial and antibiofilm agent, especially against S. aureus.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing health problem and a serious risk factor for other diseases such as diabetes and heart disease.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of eight-week total body resistance exercises (TRX) on liver functional parameters in patients with NAFLD.

In this semi-experimental study, 22 men with NAFLD were randomly divided into TRX training (n = 11) and control (n = 11) groups. The TRX group participated in a TRX training program for eight weeks (three sessions per week, 60 minutes per session). The body composition, anthropometric indices, liver fat content, and serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were measured by the enzymatic method before and after the training period.

After TRX training, the liver fat content in the TRX group was significantly lower than in the control group (P = 0.001). Furthermore, the serum levels of ALT, AST and ALP significantly decreased in the TRX group, compared to the controls (P < 0.05). In addition, TRX training significantly reduced body weight, body mass index (BMI), fat percentage, and waist-to-hip ratio (P < 0.05), while no significant changes were observed in the control group (P > 0.05).

TRX training could be effective in improving liver fat content and reducing the serum levels of liver enzymes in men with NAFLD and can play a role in the management of this condition.

Evaluation of oil and fat consumption plays a key role in predicting the nutritional health of community members.

The current study aimed at predicting the adoption of healthy behaviors related to oil consumption among housewives based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB).

This was a cross-sectional study with 160 housewives. We used the multi-stratified sampling method and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to examine the association between TPB constructs and housewives’ behavioral intention to consume healthy oil.

Liquid oil was the most frequently consumed oil (59.4%) while solid oil had the lowest frequency (6.9%). Also, 1.3% of the participants used red meat highly saturated in fat while 88.8% did it not at all. Path analysis was run to predict healthy behaviors concerning oil consumption in light of TPB. The TPB adopted in the current study enjoyed a desirable fitness, and explained 31% of behavior intention variance and 15% of behavior variance (B = 0.37). Also, the attitude was the strongest predictor of behavioral intention.

The TPB and its constructs were used to determine factors affecting healthy oil consumption behaviors among Women in Iran. This result indicates that promoting behavioral intention by focusing on attitude, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norms may promote healthy oil use.

Based on previous studies, the strength ratio of internal to external rotator muscles of the shoulder in elite swimmers is a predisposing factor of impingement syndrome. So this study was done to compare the effect of open and closed kinetic chain exercises on this ratio.

Regarding the inclusion criteria, 45 swimmers were selected and distributed randomly to 3 groups of the open chain (15), closed chain (15), and control (15). Exercise prescribed for both open and closed chain groups three times per week, but the control group was deprived. Before starting the exercise and after eight weeks, the strength ratio of the internal to the external rotator shoulder muscles in both eccentric and concentric contraction was measured at various speeds of 60, 120, and 180 degrees/s. Subsequently, one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests were performed to compare the groups and show the intra-group difference (P < 0.05).

Both types of exercises reduced the strength ratio of internal to external shoulder rotator muscles in both contractions. There was no significant difference between closed and open chain exercises, but the open chain reduced the ratio of internal to external rotator muscles’ strength less than the closed chain in both types of contractions.

To reduce the ratio of internal to external rotator muscles’ strength in swimmers and improve the muscle imbalance, open kinetic chain exercises are more effective than closed kinetic chain exercises and can be recommended for prevention and rehabilitation of swimmer’s shoulder.

The prevalence of tobacco use, which is one of the important dimensions of the lifestyle of nurses, and the range of their job stress, have great effects on nurses' performance against patients.

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between job stress and active and passive consumption of tobacco in nurses in teaching hospitals of Bandar Abbas in 2018.

This was a descriptive-analytic study conducted on nurses using stratified random sampling in the emergency, critical care, and general and specialized wards. The OSIPOW Job Stress Questionnaire and a researcher-made questionnaire were used to examine the patterns of smoking after confirmation of validity and reliability.

Thirty-seven male and 183 female nurses participated in this study. The job stress rate was 179.15 ± 31.55 in men and 177.44 ± 24.39 in women. The frequency of active cigarette smoking in males and females were 10.8% and 9.3%, respectively. The relationship between job stress and active tobacco use in women was significant. In general and special wards, the relationship between job stress and passive cigarette use and active tobacco consumption were significant.

According to the results of this study, the consumption of active and passive tobacco use in many cases is related to job stress in nurses. It is needed to reduce the job stress and its subsequent psychological and behavioral effects, as well as reduce the effects of passive tobacco consumption in future plans with controlling actions.

Family psychoeducation is considered as an intervention focused on individual rehabilitation of mental disorders through improving the caregiver’s awareness about their family member’s illness, risk factors, and treatment component and relapse prevention strategies.

The aim of this study was to determine the impact of family psychoeducation on patients’ relapse and length of stay in hospital.

In this retrospective study, registered data in the health information management unit, including demographic data, acute symptoms and signs and medical history, was used and sample selection was done through a purposive sampling procedure. Participants consisted of 2192 patients with severe mental disorders admitted to Ibn Sina Psychiatric Hospital in Bandar Abbas, Iran since 2009 to 2014. The recipients of psychoeducation comprised all immediate family members of the patients in psychiatric hospital who were available at time of discharge. Subjects were receiving standard pharmacologic treatment and one session of individual family psychoeducation interventions. The psychoeducation was presented by a psychologist and a nurse upon patient discharge day from hospital between 2011 and 2014. The findings including recurrence rate and admission durations were compared with data collected during the three years leading to the intervention (2009 to 2011). Data was assessed through Paired-sample t-test.

The results revealed that receiving psychoeducation by family can positively affect the rate of readmission (t = 41.30, P < 0.001) and the length of stay in hospital (t = 39.10, P < 0.001).

Since psychoeducation of caregivers can be significantly influential in reducing the recurrence rate and duration of hospitalization, it is advisable after discharge for patients suffering from chronic mental disorders.

The incidence of melanoma has remarkably increased over the last years. It commonly involves the extremities in females and the trunk in males. Cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) of the breast accounts for less than 5% of all melanomas.

A 60-year-old man referred with a black pigmented skin lesion (4 × 2 cm) on the periareolar skin in the upper inner quadrant of the right breast without nipple retraction. The patient mentioned that he failed medical follow-up of the lesion, which had been excised for about a year in 2016 as a CMM that resulted in its rapid growth. Examinations revealed a mole (4 cm) on the right areola and also a palpable axillary lymph node. Incisional biopsy reported malignant melanoma. After final confirmation, he underwent a modified mastectomy. The pathology report revealed that nipple and areolae were free of tumor, however, a deep margin and two axillary lymph nodes were involved, which resulted in considered adjuvant radiotherapy. Two months after the surgery, his health condition was normal without any sign of recurrent metastasis.

In this case, the modified mastectomy was inevitably done and no recurrence or complication was observed.