فصلنامه مطالعات راهبردی زنان
پیاپی 83 (بهار 1398)

Life expectancy increase and structure-functional changes within the domain of family along with changes in social values have led to the formation of a new stratum of single aged women. The complexity and multidimensionality of the problem of aging need to be further elucidated by qualitative studies. This study, with the interpretive phenomenological approach of Smith, Flowers, and Larkin, has studied the understanding and interpretation of aged women, loneliness based on their lived experiences. The population of the study consisted of 10 elderly women over 60 years old with physical and mental abilities from Bukan, West Azerbaijan Province. Data were obtained using semi-structured interviews. Out of the total 64 extracted primary categories, four subcategories with the themes of withdrawal from others, expedient choice of loneliness, expedient choice of solitude and enjoyment of loneliness were derived which the expedient solitude theme was abstracted. The second main theme, the maintenance / recreation of social relationships, was derived from the abstraction of three subcategories with pleasantries to existing relationships, encouragement of neighborhood support, and having the openings of promising/expectation. The results of the study show that although the experience of loneliness is frustrating for many participating women, they choose living alone to avoid family dissension, to maintain their self-esteem, not to be overhead, not to wish to live with others and remarry. This study suggests that the country's aging policies be coordinated to keep the elderly at home.

Women’s Chastity and Veil  Is  One of the most significant signs of the health of the Islamic society and one of the most important aspects of the distinction between these Islamic societies and other societies. Obviously, chastity and Veil is a culture whose expansion requires long-term planning. Although the responsibility of all social and cultural institutions, but in this case the media is more important. The studies show that characters and stars of films and serials are effective in shaping the attitudes and behavior of audiences and can serve as one of the main sources of Chastity and Veil’s socialization. Accordingly, in order to investigate the performance of IRIB in this Case, in view of the attractiveness of university education for individuals, Chastity and Veil Indices were analyzed in educated women of 40 most viewed TV series of IRIB. Research findings show that desired image of chastity and Veil is not presented in educated Women characters on Iranian TV series, in the years after the Islamic Revolution. And the majority of educated women of TV series, in terms of coverage and behavior, are different from chastity and Veil Indicators emphasized by Islam. Interestingly, the indicators of chastity and veil in people with university education are significantly weaker than those without academic education.

This study aims to design a map for Family concept based on Literary warrant on Women Study in Iran (book and article) those were published in the field of Women Studies in Iran with the tendency of Social Sciences, during the years 1995 (Approval of Women Studies in Iran)-2018. The study has used both qualitative and quantitative methods to meet its practical goal by reviewing the subjects of 792 books and 1142 articles. Results show that the word Family in total of both Implicit and Objective concepts with 3124 (33.61%) frequency is in the highest priority and it is recognized as Core Concept in women's studies in Iran. The concepts, categories and sub-categories of Family were examined and extracted from text and then modified by the Delphi method. Most of the concepts are focused on two subject areas include: (1) Family Consolidation, (2) Family Pathology. In the category of Family Consolidation, most research has been done on the subject of "Ethics", "Supportive spirit" and "Employment" andin the category of "Family Pathology", most research has been done on the category of "Obscene Ethics", "Conflicts" and "Media".At the end of the research, a concept map was presented in two categories: "Consolidation" and "Pathology" of the Family.

Family is one of the main fields of social science research which is entered into economic analysis. The issue of family policy with the backing of market supportive rationality has been taken into consideration by policymakers because of the importance of family as the driving force of the economy. Of course, in Islamic perspective, since the state has a training nature it develops programs for the progress of the family and society. This article seeks to answer whether family policies in Iran serve the strength and stability of the family Or no. In this regard, the content of these policies has been studied using thematic analysis method. The results of the analysis show that many aspects of family economics have been neglected in policies and others have not received enough attention and policymakers have not had a coherent theoretical support in formulating policies. Policymakers has chosen various ways and means to promote family economics. On the other hand, the Islamic nature of the family and maintaining its strength are important to them, and sometimes, without regard to these principles, they formulate policies that can be considered as followings of developmental programs.

Using grounded theory, inductive and qualitative data analysis, this study has studied the semantic system of women in Tehran to distinct appearance identities derived from cosmetic surgeries based on real data. In this study, in-depth interviews were conducted with 15 young women in Tehran who underwent cosmetic surgery in order to gain the most diversity possible in the samples. The data were categorized using the Strauss and Corbin paradigm model and its paradigm model. To assess the validity and reliability of the research, focus groups of 7 participants were formed and asked to evaluate and comment on the overall findings. The results showed that the most important causal conditions for cosmetic surgery among female participants were inferiority, apparent patterning, aesthetic disturbance, sexual seduction, body image and fashion dependency. Interfering factors include physician suggestion, contrasting tradition and modernity, and hegemony and pretense. Women employ strategies of conscious choice, body obedience, body alignment, with consequences such as mass production, bodybuilding, and commodification. Finally, the core concept in this research is the deconstructed body, which reflects thoughts that emphasize beauty and desire, in accordance with the values and aspirations of the body's aesthetics in society, in addition to its health function and survival.

The purpose of this study was to identify the constructive dimensions of social exclusion for female prisoners. The research methodology was descriptive survey. The statistical community covered all female prisoners in the prisons of Lorestan province including 100 people. According to Cochran's formula, 81 people were selected by simple random sampling. To collect data, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. The collected data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis by main component method.The results of the findings showed that the constructive dimensions of social exclusion of female prisoners in Lorestan province include objective exclusion and mental exclusion. The components of objective exclusion were: the weakness of the socioeconomic base, distrust and emancipation, the lack of acceptance of the individual by family and friends, the social defamation and individual loneliness of the individual after the release, the weakness of the individual and the family's religious and moral beliefs, and the slippage of the family foundations. The components of mental exclusion were: the frustration of the future, the fragile world of life, and the lack of acceptance by family and friends. Therefore, it can be concluded that the individual and social behavior to the prisoners after returning to the community plays an influential role in preventing crime and re-entering them to prison.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the causes and consequences of obtaining a divorce lawyer for women as a legal-social issue. This research was conducted by qualitative method and thematic analysis through semi-structured interviews with relevant experts. The results of the study showed that factors such as requesting divorce from women in terms of divorce are difficult to process, legal failures, swollen individualism, forming ego in life, empowerment, mistrust, social necessities, pretentious approach. There is psychosocial insecurity and futures in life. The results also showed that lowering the costs of divorce, deterrence from oppression, moral reinforcement, equality, confidence building and security, the positive consequences of self-esteem and selfishness, lowering women's obedience, lowering the threshold of tolerance and destructive life expectancy, conflict. Profitability, a negative mental image, and the creation of an undesirable future are the negative consequences of obtaining the right to divorce from women. In sum, it can be said that the views of experts on the question of whether or not to apply for divorce, whether or not they wish, are in line with Islamic and feminist theories, while a few have an intermediate view that the balance of power will be fully attained by the wife.