فصلنامه مطالعات مدیریت ترافیک
پیاپی 53 (تابستان 1398)

According to the 2018 Norouz casualty statistics (from March 24, 2017 to April 14, 2018), which indicates a growth of 18.2%, the main question of the research is what parameters have been effective in increasing these statistics. With this description, this research is aimed at presenting executive and short-term solutions to reduce the number of Nowruz 2018 traffic fatalities and to reduce the number of fatalities in the coming years. This research is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of implementation, it combines both qualitative and quantitative methods. In the qualitative part, in-depth interviews were used and in the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. Content validity was used to validate the questionnaire and Cronbach''s alpha for reliability of the questionnaire. The data were analyzed in two parts: descriptive and inferential. Overall, the results show that the human factor with β = 0.961, technical factor with β = 0.660, the path defect with β = 0.046, the path factor with β = 0.146, road factor condition with β = 0.046 , road margin factor with β = 0.012 beta, visual barriers factor with β = 0.08, and road safety factor with β = -0.614, have a meaningful share in explaining human casualties in Nowruz 2018. Qualitative research results show that among human factors, driver fatigue and drowsiness, alcohol consumption and driver''s lack of familiarity with the road; among technical factors, vehicle lighting system failure, braking system failure; among environmental factors (road and weather), type of road margin, low road safety and road defects have been effective in increasing the number of road casualties in Nowruz 2018. Adaptive indicators of the four factors on increasing road fatalities in 2018 based on Friedman test show that among the four factors, human factors in the first priority, technical factors in the second priority and environmental factors in the third priority in terms of impact on the road casualties.

The analysis of road accidents in Iran shows that the most important factor in the occurrence of traffic accidents in Iran is the human factor. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between fatigue and driving behavior with the mediator variable of public health in traffic users. In order to achieve this goal, 169 people were selected from all traffic users in 22 traffic areas of Tehran who had traffic accidents. The tools used in this study included Manchester Driving Scale, General Health Questionnaires and Chalder Fatigue Scale. The proposed model was evaluated by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using SPSS software, version 18 and LISREL. The results showed that general health is a complete mediator of fatigue and driving behavior. The proposed model also fits in well with the data. According to the findings of the study, one of the criteria for granting a driving license with public vehicles can be considered as public health assessment. The traffic police can also train traffic users in the majority of commercials, according to the findings of the study.

Communication skills play an important role in the behavioral and social health of I.R.I. Police's officers. These skills are essential to successfully perform police duties and missions, especially traffic police. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of practical training in communication skills in stress management and social pressures of traffic police officers. This research is a quasi-experimental study. The statistical population of this study was all Traffic Police officers. The sample of the present study is 60 police officers, who were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. Data were collected using Cohen's Stress Scale, which were completed once before the beginning of the practical communication skills training program and once at the end of the training by the traffic officers. The results showed that the mean of the pre-test scores in the experimental group was 25.76 and the mean of the post-test was 21.13 which decreased compared to the pre-test. Also, the mean pre-test scores of officers' stress in the control group was 26.7 and the mean of post-test was 25.36 which decreased compared to the pre-test. The results also showed that the practical training of police communication skills was effective in increasing the stress management of traffic officers.

Rapid increase in motor vehicles, especially cars, and over-use in urban areas, coupled with population growth and unrestrained expansion, as well as lack of scientific and comprehensive planning and the lack of an efficient public transport system. , Causing problems such as severe environmental pollution, overwhelming traffic congestion, wasting citizens' time, excessive energy consumption, road insecurity and accidents, leading to injury and death, such as living in cities. Big has made it difficult. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of the BRT bus system in Karaj metropolis based on transport indexes. The method of collecting information in this research is library and field documents through questionnaire. At first, based on questionnaire information and interviews with experts in the field of transportation and urban management of Karaj and using Likert spectrum, effective criteria were used to evaluate the performance of fast bus system. Prioritization of the criteria was then performed using AHP. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. The results showed that out of the 23 criteria identified, ten are effective in bystander performance, the most important of which is crowding with weight (0.2259). Among the criteria evaluated, time priority measures with weight (0.222), travel time with weight (0.184) were the next priority.

Today, inter-city transportation issues such as increased material and mental damages caused by accidents, traffic monitoring and management problems, increased time wasted and the rapid growth of demand for transportation and energy resources in particular, are increasing and becoming become a serious problem. This research is based on the question: Can geographical information systems in BRT lines and crisis management practices be used to reduce these incidents? This research is a descriptive survey and applied in terms of purpose; the study population was experts and managers of Tehran Crisis Management Organization and Tehran and Suburb Bus Operating Company in the period of2016-2017, where 270 people were chosen and sample size is 160 using the Morgan table. The research tool is a researcher-made questionnaire. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the use of GIS and the use of disaster management in disaster reduction. Failure to do so due to deficiencies in the transportation system still equals the number of investment and return on investment in this sector, and one should also provide private sector investment by increasing the disaster management infrastructure, in addition to reducing disasters.

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between citizenship ethics and traffic behavior of the citizens of district 17 of Tehran municipality. The research method is descriptive-correlational in terms of data collection and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the study consists of citizens over 18 years (18-59 years) residing in district 17 of Tehran municipality (having a one-time driving experience). The sample size was 384 according to Morgan table and simple random sampling method was used to select the sample. Data collection tool was Salehi Citizenship Ethics Questionnaire (2012) with 31 items and the researcher made traffic behavior questionnaire with 18 items in 5-point Likert scale. The validity of both questionnaires was formally and substantially confirmed. Cronbach's alpha reliability was calculated 0.81 and 0.84, respectively. K-S tests and Pearson correlation coefficient and regression were used for data analysis. The results showed that there is a relationship between citizenship ethics (sense of altruism, responsibility, respect for others' rights, order, peaceful living) and traffic behavior of the citizens of district 17 of Tehran municipality.