مجله محاسبات و سامانه های توزیع شده
سال دوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 3، بهار و تابستان 1398)

With the rapid growth of the smart device applications and the Internet of Things, the volume of data and data exchange across the network have increased. Centralized and traditional architecture of cloud computing does not meet the demands of users and the proper execution of sensitive and delayed applications due to the delays and masses of requests. This paper presents an architecture based on virtual mobile computing to address these challenges that create a layer between mobile apps and the cloud layer.
Storage, processing, and secure communications in this layer are performed in separate nodes independent of the cloud. Each of these nodes is implemented virtually on a single server. We present a marker-based augmented reality program featuring dynamic 3D objects in the android smart system and evaluated its performance in cloud-based architecture and proposed architecture in the two 4G mobile internet networks and telecommunications. The results show the performance evaluation of the proposed architecture in both communication networks. Extensive results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model and the superior performance over several models.

The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Algorithm is one of the most popular and powerful meta-heuristic methods that was inspired by the groups of birds and fish. In this paper, the fuzzy logic has been used to improve the performance of the standard version of PSO algorithm (such as achieving an optimal global solution and improving convergence characteristics). In order to confirm the superiority of the proposed Fuzzy-PSO (F-PSO) algorithm, the results are compared to the PSO standard version for applying on standard benchmark functions. The overall conclusion of the results indicates the tangible advantage of the proposed method in terms of the numerical results of the fitness level, convergence curves, and relative equality at run-time.

Because of the dramatic increase in IoT devices usage, the traditional computing needs are changing growingly. Various types and huge numbers of devices like sensors and actuators are interconnected with clouds of servers on IoT. There are many applications of cloud computing in the context of IoT devices. Here, a large volume of data including multimedia data like image created by sensors is transmitted to servers in clouds through networks. However, the cloud alone cannot provide the required real-time responses with location aware services. To support the computational demand of real-time latency-sensitive applications a new computing paradigm named “Fog computing” has been introduced. Fog computing resides closer to the end devices and extends the cloud-based computing, storage and networking facilities. In this Paper, we discuss the evolution of distributed computing from the cloud computing to the fog computing, fog computing architecture, the current status on fog computing research along with a taxonomy of various existing works in this direction.

Today, with the expansion of communications, a huge amount of production, exchange and ultimately data storage must be stored. Relational databases do not have the capacity to store this volume of information. The NoSQL concept emerged in 1998 by Carlo Strouzi to deal with this problem. NoSQL database types can include documentary databases, value keys, column-driven and eventually graphic databases. In this work, our focus will be on the graphic database. The most widely used graphic database is the neo4j database. The database is used by famous companies such as Cisco, HP, Microsoft adobe and the like. One of the most important uses of the database is the issue of fraud and fraud detection, work with the internet of things and recommendation systems. This work will investigate the fraud in the share price increase in one of the affiliated companies of the stock exchange. The market price is fluctuating momentarily. But this price change is not always based on the value of the relevant share. There are a number of factors involved in the story that have increased share prices without any added value. This paper examines the factors involved in increasing the share price and preserving relevant data in the neo4j database. Finally, the cypher query language is used to retrieve cheat chains.

Regarding the recent developments in electronics and increasing use of electronic equipment by fifth generation (5G) networks, the possibility of charging these equipment without mechanical connections such as wire, has attracted much attention. Wireless Power Transmission (WPT) Systems are proposed as a proper way in this regard and can be used in various medical, telecommunication and military fields. The internet of things (IoT), as one of the transformational services in these fields, requires the use of WPT technology to reduce the number of cables, reduce environmental pollution and increase user satisfaction. In this paper, it is attempting to introduce a wireless power transfer system and Internet of Things, and review the latest research on the use of WPT equipment with Internet of Things infrastructure, as well as the charging of IoT devices with the WPT system. Recently, the Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT) for internet of things sensor networks, havebeen considered bymany engineers.

For decades, numbering schemes have been used to track different versions and revisions of files, software packages, documents, and other types of informational objects. The absence of an all-purpose, adaptive, comprehensive and efficient standard makes various problems in different applications of information technology. To help address these issues, this article presents a quadruple and adaptive scheme for version numbering. In this scheme, the version ID is created using four integers. We call these four numbers from left to right "Release Sequence Number", "Generation Number", "Features List Number" and "Corrections List Number." We have defined specific values for the quadrilateral numbers and their meanings. In addition, the criteria for changing the quadruple numbers are specified in different application types. This is an "adaptive" scheme, as it truly has the ability to track, various versions of files, software packages, project output documents, plans, rules, bylaws, style sheets, maps, graphics, administrative and legal documents, and other similar things in different environments without need of restructuring. Also, a new inventive method called "Extended Zero Leading" is introduced which is used to achieve "lexicographical ordering" in names containing the version ID. The scheme can be used to observe changes in the many types of informational objects such as virtual machine memory in the live migration process. Experimental and analytical results indicate the appropriateness and effectiveness of the proposed scheme in meeting the expectations. Although we have used the proposed scheme for research in virtual machine live migration, it can be used as a comprehensive and effective scheme in all administrative, regulatory, legal, academic, engineering, manufacturing, industrial, document production, operational, and software development environments. It can become a universal standard and be applied successfully. The standardization of the proposed scheme and its widespread usage can also be a great help to harmonize everyone's understanding of the version and revision numbering of informational objects.

Calculation is an emerging example of a massive expanding of computing, communications and storage facilities to the edge of a network. Compared to the traditional cloud computing, fogging can support delayed service requests by reducing energy consumption and low traffic congestion. The fuzzy nodes will decide to either process the service using its available resources or send it to the cloud server. Therefore, the calculation of the fog helps to achieve more efficient use of resources and higher performance in terms of delay, bandwidth and energy consumption. VANETs are a variety of Ad-hoc Mobile Networks (MANETs) that include Mobile Opt-in (OBUs) and Roadside Units (RSUs). The Mayan compilation with VANETs opens up an area of opportunity for applications and services in the cloud computing nodes. Mast calculations increase the huge amount of virtual computing and communication facilities in the vicinity of mobile vehicles in VANET. This article presents the current state of the research and future views of the May calculations at VANET. In addition, we discuss the features of false computing for VANETs. In this paper, readers can have a thorough understanding of fog calculations for VANETs in this area.

IoT is used extensively in every day affairs. A category of IoT in industrial uses is called Industrial IoT. Industrial IoT has a bright outlook for the future. One of the most important branches of the industrial IoT is health sector. In this network, patients' information is regularly sent to the control centers, so that the patients' health is not compromised. Like all networks, this network needs a security section to be secured against various attacks. One of the attacks disrupting this network is the black hole attack. The paper presented a fuzzy method for controlling the black-hole attack, with the simulation results showing the good performance of the proposed method.

Using a two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystal structure in this research, an XOR logic gate has been designed and simulated through easy fabrication technology. The structure includes two inputs and one output used directly, and by moving two rods at the intersection of the inputs, it prevents the light emission in the input channels when one of them is deactivated. Because of the type of design of the same structure, our outputs have the closest value to those of the applied inputs. In this paper, we have attempted to examine the optical power at the output, so that it has the highest optical power value as compared to the input optical power. The adjacent input channel leakage ratio (AC LR) will also be controlled, so that it has the lowest value. Band structure calculations are made through plane-wave expansion method, and the results indicate that a PBG with a wavelength of 1.26 μm to 1.92 μm has been created that no wavelength can be propagated in the structure within the same interval.

In signal based fault diagnosis signal processing plays a key role. Signal processing techniques include the time domain, frequency domain and time-frequency area techniques. In this project, eccentricity fault diagnosis of the induction motor using the decision tree and coil voltage is investigated. With respect to diagnosis goal, three strategies can be followed. Isolation of faulty and healthy states, isolation of healthy, dynamic eccentricity and static eccentricity, and isolation of seven states of system (healthy, dynamic 10%, dynamic 30%, dynamic 50%, static 10%, static 30%, static 50%).

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that breaks down much of the food it ingests to glucose. Glucose is the main source of fuel in the body. After digestion, glucose enters the bloodstream, where it is used by the cells to growth and energy. Insulin should be presented for glucose to enter the cells. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas. Food planning for diabetes and nutrition for people with diabetes should be in a manner that maintains the blood glucose levels in the normal range of all groups of foods. In this study, data mining is a nutrition program that is proportional to the amount of material in the body and food. Firstly, patients with high blood sugar are identified from experiments that are available in the database, and then test fields such as height, weight, age, urea, creatinine and blood glucose, etc. that are key elements should be extracted and integrated because patients have been tested at different times. Now, the micro-properties such as protein, carbohydrate, potassium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, etc. as well as vitamins of fruits should be extracted and brought to the database table. In the end, using data mining based on the patients' table of tests and the table of properties of the fruit and a diet based on the nutritional formula is given to a diabetic person for a specific period. After completion of the prescribed period, the patient was tested again for improvement in the rate of kidney degradation for pre-dialysis patients as well as the lower number of referral patients for dialysis in hemodialysis and peritoneal patients. Given that the number of toxins that are applied to kill healthy kidneys by data mining have been controlled by food sources and patient tests, the regime preserves the health of the nephron by data mining and decreases the kidney degradation process.

In computing systems, the execution trend pattern for the application indicates the executing trend of the application based on the application features, as well as the ability of the system elements to reduce the response time. In traditional computing systems, due to the clear nature of the application, system designer is able to determine its implementation pattern when designing the system and to establish this execution pattern at runtime by changing system manager’s constituent elements. In distributed Exascale systems, the occurrence of a dynamic and interactive nature changes the processes and system elements. While investigating the effect of the dynamic and interactive nature of distributed Exascale systems on determining the execution pattern, this paper also discusses the challenges that exist to establish this concept in distributed Exascale systems. It also states why the determinant element of execution pattern is required in system manager and suggests some strategies to manage these challenges in distributed Exascale systems.