نشریه مطالعات تفسیر تطبیقی
پیاپی 5 (بهار و تابستان 1397)

Interpretations are found in the verses of the Holy Quran and the Old Testament that seem to indicate the inherent superiority of the people of Israel. The present study, by means of a comparative-analytic method, has investigated and criticized this idea with documentation of its interpretations and Old Testament interpretations.  Old Testament commentators have criticized the idea of ​​Israeli supremacy, after Jewish calfism and conflict with divine prophets, its incompatibility with reason, the uncertainty of the root of this belief, the inhumanity of some Jewish texts on racism, after which Israel cannot be The superior people gave up. Commentators on the Holy Quran have also embraced the idea of ​​the Israeli supremacy limited and conditional.  As conditional on Israel's supremacy of faith and acceptance of Al-Muhammad's province,  the time and place constraints of this superiority,  Its conflict with the goodwill and supremacy of the followers of Prophet Muhammad, the late verses of the Qur'an concerning the superiority of the followers of Prophet Muhammad over the Quranic verses concerning the superiority of the children of Israel and also Tafizil means "devoting many blessings to the children of Israel. The people of Israel have also been blamed on numerous verses. Thus the verses of the election of the people of Israel were limited to a specific time and did not last.

In recent times and in the face of modern times and also after the collapse of the Ottoman caliphate and the rise of the constitutional revolution in Iran, Muslims have become more aware of issues related to political thought because of the circumstances. That is to say, the new formulation of governance has been the focus of Muslim thought in the light of religious texts.  Reconsidering the legitimacy of power as one of the most important aspects of political thought among commentators helps us to analyze the semantic system of contemporary Muslim thinkers in the field of politics and to clarify the political views of the Qur'an. This research, which is a necessity of this era, has used a descriptive-analytical method and a comparative study of the legitimacy of power in the interpretations of Al -mizan by Allameh Tabataba'i and Fi zilal al-Quran by Al-Sayed Qutb. In addition to reporting interpretative opinions by comparing and matching commonalities, the differences between the two views are also explained. The findings of this study indicate that the two commentators, under the theory of the divine right of heavenly power and authority, consider the question of government and its legitimacy, but disagree on who is eligible for governance.

Man has two existential aspects and economic issues are directly related to his material dimension and indirectly to his spiritual dimension. Entrepreneurship and job creation are among the most important issues underlying the economy of any society. Paying attention to the place of entrepreneurship and employment in the teachings of the Qur'an and hadith is the most important issue of this paper which has been dealt with in a descriptive-analytical way. In the Qur'an and traditions, work and effort are of great importance, likened to jihad in the cause of God. By providing the foundations and tools of employment, such as the creation of the world and the mafia, God has asked man to apply his efforts in the world. Employment, entrepreneurship, and helping others in religious doctrines are essential, encouraging the pursuit of various industries in the Qur'an and traditions. According to religious teachings, only hard work promotes economic growth and prosperity.

The present study aims to evaluate the commentators' views on the instances of the verse "Tathir", and reviews the following material in three interpretations: "Kashf Al-Asrar", "Shavahed al- Tanzil" and "Al-Mizan". Allameh Tabataba'i, referring to the Qur'an and Shiite and Sunni traditions, considers Ahl al-Bayt, or the “Five people from Abba”, as instances of the verse "Tathir", and declares that God would only remove evil from the Ahl al-Bayt, and It signifies their infallibility. Hakem Haskani has also purified many verses that are in line with Allameh's opinion and confirms their citations, but Meybodi used the word "regs" in this verse to mean that women were forbidden and " He has also interpreted "purification" in this verse as replacing good traits has been interpreted as ugly traits. In his commentary, he refers to the instances of 'Ahl al-Bayt' as the wives of the Prophet (peace be upon him) and his relatives from Bani Hashim. This research is a descriptive-analytical study and reviews the opinions of each of the three commentators.

Some scholars believe that there is no synonym in the Qur'an. Accordingly, each word has a particular meaning in the sentence. It is therefore necessary to have a more accurate understanding of the Divine Word by researching the meaning of the words correctly. One word that has many meanings in the Holy Quran is the word “Ahd” (Testament), with its derivatives used 46 times in the Holy Quran and in the Bible about 300 times. In this study, the meaning of the word “Ahd” (testament) and its semantic circle in the Holy Qur'an are compared with its meaning in the Old Testament. The findings of this study indicate that the concept of “Ahd” (Testament) is not the same in the Quran and the old testaments, but there is a significant difference in this regard.

Glossary tudies in the Qur'an are among the oldest in the field of understanding and interpreting the Qur'an. The importance of linguistic research can be explained by the importance of understanding and correctly interpreting the Holy Quran. Given that the word "Nozol" has many meanings that, given the context, the atmosphere in the verses, one of the concepts may be correct or preferable, the question of this study is what is the exact meaning of the word “Nozol”? The findings of this descriptive-analytical study indicate that the “Nozol” essentially means "what food and drink is prepared for the reception of the guest, but in applications based on the highest consensus among the lexicons, with 11.31%, they believe that the meaning of “Nozol” is the place and the home, And 9.25% believe that the meaning of “Nozol” is blessing, grace and forgiveness, And 4.11% believe that the means is income. Examination of these meanings in the four interpretations Majmaa Al-Bayyan, al-Mizan, Kashaf and Al-Tahrir va Al-tanvir,  shows that the term “Nozol” means "what food and drink is brought to a guest and"Nozol”  in Paradise It's a blessing, and In hell it is the doom.