نشریه پژوهش سلامت
سال پنجم شماره 1 (پیاپی 17، پاییز 1398)

Salmonella is a gram-negative intestinal microorganism that causes food poisoning in humans. The genus Salmonella has five virulence genes stn, Phop / Q, spvc, slyA and sopB. These genes encode proteins in different parts of the bacterium that can counteract the immune system, complement, and death within the cell. The aim of this study was to identify virulence genes in Salmonella typhimurium strains isolated from clinical specimens using Multiplex PCR and to determine their antibiotic resistance patterns.

In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 60 stool specimens were collected from the patients with acute diarrhea and vomiting in Karaj hospitals and hospitals during 2017. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed on Muller Hinton agar medium (CLSI). Multiplex PCR was also performed to detecting virulence genes using specific primers.

The results of antibiotic susceptibility test showed that all isolated samples were susceptible to imipenem, gentamicin and amikacin. Also, the frequency of Phop/Q, slyA and stn genes were 100%, 98.3% and 91.6%, respectively. Also, sopB and Spvc genes were not detected in Salmonella typhimurium isolates.

The results of the present study indicate on the high incidence of virulence genes in Salmonella typhimurium clinical samples which can be considered as an alarm signal for the spread of these genes to other Salmonella serotypes.

With the increasing prevalence of cancer and the importance of the impact of this disease on all aspects of life, understanding the relationship between demographic factors and quality of life of cancer patients helps community health workers improve their health and quality of life with attention. Organize to the level of patients need.

This study is a descriptive-analytical study. In this study, 320 patients with cancer were selected by purposeful sampling. Data collection tool was EORTC-QLQ-C30 standard questionnaire for demographic information and demographic questionnaire. The data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software.

The results showed that the mean score of quality of life of the subjects was 64±14 at the level of relatively good. Patients had better performance in the physical domain and weaker in the social domain. The quality of life of these patients was significantly correlated with age, place of residence, marital status, educational level and insurance (P = 0.001). Fatigue was also the most common symptom of both sexes, which was slightly higher in men than women, but this difference was not significant (P = 0.8).

Some demographic characteristics affect the quality of life of cancer patients. With awareness of the quality of life of these patients and the factors affecting them, nurses can play an important role in improving and maintaining the quality of life of these patients.

Nutrition and nutrition are among the most important parts of hospitals to generalize the process of improving and enhancing patient satisfaction, and choosing the right provider, considering the appropriate criteria, can be very effective in creating this satisfaction and improving the nutrition and health process of patients in hospitals.

The statistical population of this study was the food supply department of hospitals of West Azarbaijan province and the study sample was Shahid Taleghani hospital of Urmia. Initially, by conducting field and library studies and reviewing the research, the most important criteria for the selection of hospital food suppliers were identified. Seven criteria were evaluated by applying the best-worst fuzzy method and the weight of each criterion was determined. Finally, the top suppliers were identified using fuzzy gray relationship analysis method.

Based on the findings, the criteria were prioritized in terms of quality, delivery time, trust, price, responsiveness, skilled manpower, and lack of surplus production. Also, according to the weight of the criteria, out of 5 existing suppliers, the top supplier was identified.

The proposed approach of the present study can be used for decision making in the selection of hospital food suppliers. Compared to similar studies, the role of criteria such as quality, delivery time, trust, price in the selection of suppliers was confirmed. In addition, it is easier to implement the method and have faster access to the final answer compared to other methods of weighting the criteria and ranking the options.

The adult health of any community is essential to the economy of that community. On the other hand, women's participation in various fields, including manufacturing, has increased, so the importance of women's health alongside men has increased, and today the mortality rate of men and women is considered as an indicator of health by economists. Examination of the available evidence suggests that economic growth, good governance and environmental pollution are among the important variables affecting health.

In the present study, the impact of economic, institutional and environmental variables affecting the mortality rate of men and women in 49 developing countries over the period 2000 to 2016 was investigated using the threshold panel model. In this study mortality rate of males and females of proxies was considered as health index and CO2 as threshold and health expenditure, good governance and misery index as control variables were used. Model estimation was performed using Stata 15 and Eviews 9 software.

The results show that a two-diet model with a threshold limit can be verified. In the low threshold regime, it was confirmed for both the men and women groups that the variables of economic growth and good governance had a more positive effect than the upper threshold groups, and the health costs variable in the upper threshold group had a more positive effect than the lower threshold.

Health is an important and urgent issue that statesmen always seek to improve and expand in society. Several factors are involved in improving health. Income is one of the factors that increase the health of society. But the way governments are governed by countries has a health-promoting effect on society, both directly and indirectly.

General health has a significant impact on performance and job satisfaction. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the relationship between multiple components of public health and job satisfaction.

This study is a correlational and applied study. The statistical population of this study consisted of all employees of Guilan province youth and sport offices. The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and Job Satisfaction Questionnaire (JDI) were used in this study. Data analysis was done by SPSS software using ANOVA and Pearson correlation tests.

In total, 175 people were incorporated in this study, out of which 59.43 percent were men and 40.57 percent were women. 52.85% had postgraduate and undergraduate degrees, 38.85% had a master's degree, and 1.72% had a doctorate and doctoral degree. Based on the results, the correlation coefficient between general health and job satisfaction in the study population was 0.555.

There is a significant relationship between the components of general health and job satisfaction. Therefore, it is recommended that the authorities plan for the exercise of the staff by encouraging them to engage in sports activities to promote community health.

One of the concerns in research design is to determine the sample size and sampling method. This is because the volume of the sample is reduced due to reduced accuracy and the additional sample size also increases the cost. Usually the researcher has to select a sample from the community in which to calculate the mean or ratio. Factors such as the dispersion of the studied trait, statistical errors and the accuracy of the measurements are effective on the sample size required. The basis for calculating the sample size for a research is its specific objectives. Specific goals can be descriptive or analytical. For descriptive purposes, the researcher wants to estimate the average of a quantitative trait or the percentage of a qualitative trait. For analytical purposes the researcher wants to compare the mean of the quantitative variable or the ratio of the qualitative variable in the two societies. Statistical formulas or tables or software are used to calculate the sample size, which practically all have the same mechanisms. In the present article, these issues are briefly described.

Liver tissue health is of paramount importance to the health of the whole body, and it has bilateral relationships with health and laboratory factors. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between individual factors and fatty liver and liver enzymes activity of AST, ALT and ALP.

This was a descriptive-analytical study. The population consisted of 80 patients with fatty liver and 54 healthy individuals. Demographic information of each person was prepared using a checklist. After ten hours of fasting, blood samples were taken to evaluate AST, ALT, ALP, blood glucose and cholesterol. Liver health status was also assessed by ultrasound. Relationship between various variables including demographic data, lifestyle-related health behaviors and height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure and clinical trials and liver tests with non-alcoholic fatty liver was evaluated. Descriptive data of patients and enzymatic changes were evaluated. Data were analyzed by SPSS and univariate and multivariate logistic models.

In alcoholic fatty liver, the amount of enzyme increase AST is higher than that of ALT, but in non-alcoholic fatty liver, the rate of increase ALT is greater than AST. A history of high blood lipids plays an important role in fatty liver disease, with a regression coefficient of 2.28 and a modified odds ratio of 9.84. The second factor is gender with a regression coefficient of 1.23 and a modified odds ratio of 3.44. Fatty liver history factors in the family, body mass index and type of dairy consumption are also important factors in fatty liver disease, respectively.

Body mass index, high blood sugar, high blood sugar, inactivity and taking some effective drugs on liver cells increase the chance of developing fatty liver disease. In people with fatty liver, ALT, AST and ALP enzymes are high. However, the levels of both ALT and AST are expected to have a higher role in patients and a lower level of ALP.

Impulsivity means quick action of the mind without forethought and sober judgment, with the least thought about future behaviors or acting on thoughts that are not the best choice for the individual or others. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of dialectical behavior change and acceptance skills in reducing risky behaviors.

The present study was a criterion-based trial. The statistical population of the study was women with impulsive behaviors in Arak city. 32 out of them who were willing to participate in the educational program were selected as the sample and randomly divided into two experimental and waiting list groups. The experimental group received 16 sessions of dialectical behavior therapy education and treatment. Since the research design was pre-test and post-test with the group in the waiting list, Bart's impulsivity measurement tool was applied twice before and after training. The data collected from this questionnaire were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics using multivariate analysis of covariance.

Risky behaviors were significantly decreased in the experimental group after receiving the skills based on acceptance and changing dialectical behavior therapy. But the amount of this variable in the waiting list group was not statistically significant.

Dialectical behavior therapy skills reduce the risky behaviors of impulsive behaviors and explosive anger in patients with subclinical symptoms of borderline personality disorder, and used the results of this study to reduce harmful behaviors.