پژوهش نامه فرهنگ و رسانه (نامه فرهنگ و ارتباطات)
سال سوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 5، پاییز و زمستان 1397)

The potentials of Arbaeen March as a religious ritual can be considered from different angles. In recent years, due to a massive participation of pilgrims in Arbaeen March in Iraq and its universal effects and consequences, the attention of scholars in fields like sociology of religion, communication sciences, cultural studies, historical and civilization studies has been directed to the potentials of the event and these scholars have dealt with the issue form their own specialized viewpoints. Meanwhile, due to the coming together of people of different origins, nationalities and faiths in this ceremony, the issue of intercultural communication has been brought under focus. The question that arises here is what strategies and measures must be adopted to facilitate convergence and intercultural communication among Iranian and Iraqi pilgrims. To this end, the role of cultural groups and institutions is of prime importance. The aim of this article is to explain the effective policies that can boost the intercultural convergence among nations in Arbaeen March. By using the theory of intercultural adjustment, measures such as compatible dialogs, entertaining guests from other countries, non-verbal communication and alike can strengthen the intercultural relation among nations and improve its quality. The annual congregation of millions of pilgrims that constitute a variety of identities under the banner of a ritual and religious event demonstrates a civilization expansion through human interactions and intercultural communication in Arbaeen March which commemorates Imam Hussein (pbuh)'s tragic martyrdom.

Needless to say, people's participation is to be taken as the most important prerequisite for advancing in various cultural areas. In the words of the Supreme Leader, anywhere this presence and participation has taken place, the revolution has progressed, hence the importance of sustaining this condition. The enemies of the revolution have rightly recognized this significance and have done their utmost to disrupt it in some way or another. The best source for understanding the enemy's plots is Imam Khomeini's remarks. He, as the founder of the revolution, stood at the peak of insightfulness and understanding the enemy and could do better than others to pave the way towards the revolution's objectives by shedding light on the enemy's hurdles created in the path of the Islamic ummah. The purpose of this research is therefore the analysis of the specifications of the enemy's inhibiting measures. To do this, Imam Khomeini's speeches about the issue were collected and analyzed using theme analysis and inductive method. The findings show that the enemy has endeavored to annihilate the school that gave rise to the people's victories through attacking three dimensions, namely, the process of people's participation, causes of participation and influential elements in their participation

Ensuring security of the great solemn Arbaeen ritual with millions of participants of a variety of national and religious origins has a significant role in improving both the quantity and quality of the event in the years to come. Based on the experience gained by Iranian and Iraqi mobilized forces from their confronting different terrorist groups and recognizing the previous shortcomings, this paper offers strategies for improving the security level and its domestication by relying on expert opinions. The research has been done with general planning process based on David's model and Swot matrix following Copenhagen School approach to security. Its most important findings are the necessity of utilizing more and more from hashd-al- sha'abi potentials in establishing security and informing the pilgrims and volunteer service groups.

Ensuring security of the great solemn Arbaeen ritual with millions of participants of a variety of national and religious origins has a significant role in improving both the quantity and quality of the event in the years to come. Based on the experience gained by Iranian and Iraqi mobilized forces from their confronting different terrorist groups and recognizing the previous shortcomings, this paper offers strategies for improving the security level and its domestication by relying on expert opinions. The research has been done with general planning process based on David's model and Swot matrix following Copenhagen School approach to security. Its most important findings are the necessity of utilizing more and more from hashd-al- sha'abi potentials in establishing security and informing the pilgrims and volunteer service groups.

Persuading people especially of saving water resources is of paramount importance in our society. This requires a change in people's behavior as a component of the Islamic Republic's customs and conventions that in their turn should be discussed and analyzed. The issue of managing water resources and water consumption in the world and especially in our country that suffers from drought has priority and it necessitates the assistance of researchers in different fields such as sociology and communication. This has led us to examine the semiotics of the ads used by the ministry of energy and see how they could direct people to reform their habits in regard to water consumption. The persuasive structure and the strong and weak points of the ads are therefore analyzed. In other words, what counts is the nature of the sender's message not the receiver's reaction . The research has considered five posters related to water consumption that comprise persuasive measures. The results show that though persuasive measures have been used in the ads, there have been no purposeful and coherent planning of producing them. The most w

A visit to the Arbaeen is an exceptional opportunity for those who want to purify themselves from the ignorance and impurity of ignorance, be it the first ignorance or the modern ignorance. The axis that brings together these millions of people walking on foot is Imam Al-Hussain bin Ali bin Abi Talib, peace be upon him. The holy Karbala since the Prophet's grandson's blood was shed It has become the passion of the free people from all corners of the world ,There are many lessons that millions of people receive in navigating this path as they head towards one goal. We find in this way, where everyone prefers walking and fatigue over comfort, that the national, linguistic, and apparent differences in social and professional classes all fade away for the sake of their lofty goal and sophisticated intent. People are underestimating all the services and sacrifices that are offered towards the sacrifices that Abu Abdullah Al-Hussein provided .There is a humanitarian situation in this way. People sympathize with each other. As if the people in this worshiping season are due to the fact that God created the people upon them and that we do not find them in any of the seasons and in any rite. Human scenes of immense culture and ethics occur that are not found in developed countries, despite the enormous material possibilities and many luxury. If the researcher checks the depths of this millionth march, he can establish the relationship between it and the great Islamic civilization to which Muslims aspire in the end of time .Muslims constitute one hand against one enemy and all that is related to this enemy from the physical and human aspects from which people are fed up. The nation with this communication, solidarity and support goes back to its pure source and its bright past. Therefore, it seems possible for the researcher to find a link between what we live in today and the Islamic lifestyle, and it forms part of the Islamic civilization as a whole. The present study examines the effects and data that give us this great zyarat and w