International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research
Volume:6 Issue: 2, Spring 2018

This research has been conducted by the aim of analysis of the relation of inefficient Attitude and social undermining of the employees of football clubs in Kerman. The research method is descriptive-correlative. The statistical population of this research includes all employees of teenage, youth and adult employees of Kerman city in 2017 with the total number of 192 from which 153 replied to the questionnaire. Collecting data from questionnaires, the inefficient Attitude with validity of 0.82 and stability of 0.93 and the social undermining questionnaire with the validity of 0.81 and stability of 0.87 were employed. The analysis of data was done by SPSS20 software, and some descriptive and inferential statics were used such as mean, variance, Pearson and Spearman correlative, and multi-variance linear regression. The result of the research illustrated that there is a direct and significant elation between inefficient Attitude and social undermining of the employees of football clubs in Kerman. Also, there is a direct and significant relation between inefficient Attitude about the performance and inefficient Attitude about social confirmation and social undermining of the employees of football clubs in Kerman. The best predicator of social undermining of employees can be the inefficient Attitude about social confirmation.

The problems associated with the consumption of high-fat foods have increased the requirement to use new formulations based on fat replacer. Inulin has textural properties and it’s a prebiotic source. Due to the cream’s wide usage in dairy industry, it is tried to make cream with textural and organoleptic characteristics that contains the least amount of calories. Meanwhile, Table cream (30%) was used as basis for production and the treatments were added to the different containers which contain skim milk and the temperature was raised to about 70 °C to completely dissolve the mixture. Then, skim milk containing hydrocolloids (T1 = 0, T2 = 0.5%, T3 = 1%, T4 = 1/5%, T5 = 2 and T6 = 2/5% w/w) were added to the cream tanks until the fat percentage was reached to 10%. After performing of the "two-stage homogenization" process which carried out at 150 bar under temperature of 70 °C, the pasteurization process was executed. The control sample was prepared with a fat content of 30%. After packing, samples stability was investigated every 10 days during the 2 months by rheological, physicochemical and sensory tests. In this study in order to analysis of the results, ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test (P˂5%) were used and all tests were done in three replications. According to the results of this study, in terms of physicochemical and rheological properties, T6 and T5 treatments and regarding to sensory characteristics T1, T2 and T3 treatments found as superior formulations in maintenance periods.

Recently, the quality and safety of organic products is the topic of prime concern. While this demand increases since consumer considers organic products are healthier and harmless than conventional products. In the country like India, organic agricultural is not novel and are effectively performs in varied climates such as tribal mountains, mountainous areas and rain-fed zones of the country. According to the government of India, domestic market for organic product is growing but not as expected. As, previous studies shows that high prices of organic products create obstacles for consumers to adopt organic food. Therefore, this study aims to prepare cheaper organic products through devising horticulture products and conduct cost benefit analysis between organic and conventional products. Results demonstrate marginal price difference between organic and conventional products. This study will encourage both manufacturers and consumers to incline towards organic food.

Sustainability challenges in our time such as climate change, food security, water consumption, pollution,environmental degradation and other socio-economic concerns are the main challenges for present and futuregenerations. Therefore, society is increasingly sensitive to sustainability issues and seeks information to achieve sustainability. Nevertheless, in universities, still environmental issues are attending and its non-material aspects such as society, cultural, and ethical issues have been neglecting. Therefore, the present study undertakes to assessment level of sustainability in Iran agricultural and natural resources universities according to all dimensions of sustainable development. Statistical population consisted of 2248 students in agricultural and natural resources universities, from that 204 students selected as sample using simple random sampling. A made questionnaire used to collect data. Its validity proved by using content and structural validity, and its reliability confirmed by Cranach's alpha (α ≥ 0/79). Data analyzed by SPSSWin20 software. Findings showed that at environmental dimension, use of energy-saving bulb, use of office automation systems, and separate potable water from other uses have paid more attention to themselves. In social dimension, universities more focusing to sport competitions aimed to ensuring students health, checking cleanness of dining rooms, and hold conferences on sustainability issues. In education dimension, university’s managers have focused on developing students' abilities to informed decision-making, establishing flexible curricula to educate sustainability issues, and create relationship between educational content and sustainability dimensions. Findings from ranking of attention to sustainability dimensions at universities showed that universities most emphasis on social, educational, and environmental dimensions and research and economical dimensions have been underestimated.

The aim of the research was analysis of rural women’s role in paddy cultivation practices in Tonekabon Township. Research population was consisted of paddy farmers women in Tonekabon Township (N=14539), whose 130 ones were selected using Cochran’s formula. Data were gathered by cluster random sampling method. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire which its validity was confirmed by a panel of experts. Its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficients. Results of descriptive statistics showed that the rural women are involved in planting to rice harvesting practices whit a relatively high role. The results of the correlation coefficient also showed that there is significant positive relationship between age, work experience, head of household, number of children, and access to educational - extensional services with role of rural women in Paddy cultivation practices. Also, there was a negative and significant relationship between rural women’s education and their role in paddy cultivation practices. Stepwise regression analysis showed that education, age and access to educational - extensional services can explain 32.3% of the changes in the dependent variable (role of rural women in paddy cultivation practices).

The phytochemicals present in the plants are responsible for the biological activities and therapeutic properties of the various medicinal plants. They function as antioxidants in health promotion by preventing oxidant-damage which is the main cause of many diseases. The present study deals with the comparative analysis of phytochemicals in the methanolic and chloroformic leaf extracts of three important and commonly growing medicinal plants from ‘Twin - City’ (Durg & Bhilai), Chhattisgarh, India. These plants are Wedeliatrilobata, Achyranthesaspera and Chrysanthemum. The significant phytochemicals qualitatively analysed were Cardiac glycosides, Steroids, Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Terpenoids, Tannins and Saponins, for which the standard protocol was followed. The leaf extracts in methanol of Wedeliatrilobata and Chrysanthemum were found to have rich contents of phytoactive compounds as compared to their respective chloroformic extracts. Comparatively the leaf extracts of Achyranthesaspera were detected for less presence of phytochemicals. However, Cardiac glycosides, Steroids and Flavonoids were present in sufficed amounts in the leaf of Achyranthesaspera.

Oleander (Nerium oleander L.) is cultivated recently as a flowering pot plant and therefore abundant propagation plant material for commercial use is of great importance. Oleander is a vegetatively propagated ornamental plant valued for its evergreen foliage and showy terminal flower clusters that are available in different colours. Studies have shown that rooting, plant growth regulators is one of the effective factors at rooting of hard rhizogenetic plant such as oleander. The purpose of this study is to determine an appropriate concentration of salicylic acid (SA) on rooting of oleander. Present study showed that there was a great variation in most of the measured characters at P

Cancer can significantly have ruining effects on very high of human beings, social, and economic condition. Bladder cancer has been reported as one of the most common cancers and the incidence rates of this cancer is increasing across the world. Cystectomy is a surgery to remove the urinary bladder. In the present study a part of the ileum is used instead of bladder. This study deals with mucosa morphological changes induced in a patient with history of cystectomy surgery, an 8-year follow-up. The specimens were stained with hematoxylin-eosin in order to examine the changes in the thickness of the mucosa processed for light and electronic microscopy. During examining microscopic slides simple epithelial tissue with goblet cells were observed. Also, Lieberkuhn gland and loose connective tissue were seen. The existence of thick layers at cylindrical cells, it could be due to urinating. Finally, goblet cells maybe loss the property of mucosa secretion.

Several studies have demonstrated that nitric oxide (NO) is involved in hyperalgesia induced by NMDA activity in Morphine tolerance and NO synthase inhibitors can attenuate hyperalgesia in morphine tolerance. In addition, one of the possible mechanisms in morphine tolerance is reduction of GABA inhibitory effect. For this reason, we used GABA agonists (muscimol and baclofen) to investigate the effect of GABA agonists on analgesic effect of morphine and NO level of serum. In this study, experimental rats were divided into 4 groups as follows: 1. Control group, 2. Morphine tolerance group, 3. Morphine tolerance + muscimol, and 4-morphine tolerance + baclofen. To induce morphine tolerance in rats, the animals received 10 mg/kg of morphine sulfate intraperitoneal (ip) once a day for 8 days. In the treatment group, GABA agonist was injected on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 8th day before morphine injection. Finally, to evaluate GABA agonists treatment on morphine analgesia and hyperalgesia on the 8th day of the study, thermal hyperalgesia was used to evaluate tolerance and hyperalgesia. Then, NO level of serum was investigated as an important factor in OIH. The results indicated that GABA agonists reduced thermal hyperalgesia in the morphine tolerance group (p