International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research
Volume:5 Issue: 3, Summer 2017

The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) has become a popular measure of drought across the globe. In this study, Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was used in annual period of time to survey on drought. Also, in order to zonation frequency of drought, geographic information system (GIS) software and Kriging method used for extracting dry areas. The zoning maps show most severe drought is in eastern areas of the province

Temperature is one of the most important climate variables that many economic and social plans related to its changes. Because of The importance of this issue, this study investigated the changes of it in the province Khuzestan. Meteorological data that used in this study is mean temperature in annual and seasonal timescale. The study area is Abadan, Ahwaz, Dezful and Omidiye stations. For analyzing the trend, nonparametric Mann-Kendal test is used. The Results show that in annual time scale, at all selected stations, the uptrend is significant. Ahwaz and Omidiye stations, in all seasons, Abadan station in spring, summer and fall and Dezful station in the spring and summer have significantly up trends. However, Dezful in winter and autumn and Abadan station in winter has not been any trend

Drought is a natural hazard that has significant impact on economic, agricultural, environmental, and social aspects. In the present study details analysis of rainfall data has been carried out for the years 1981-2011. Standard precipitation index (SPI) has been used to evaluate the precipitation deficit in the Karun watershed of Iran. The results indicated that 1981-82,82-83,83-84,84-85,88-89,89-90,90-91,93-94,96-97,98-99,99-2000,2000-2001,2002-2003,2007-2008,2008-2009, 2009-2010  and 2010-2011 the SPI values is negative. It is very anguish. And also this found threat drought the water resource and agriculture

The beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua, is one of the most important pests of sugar beet in Iran. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of water and nitrogen treatments of sugar beet planton developmental time and fecundity life table parameters of the pest. An experiment was carried out under laboratory conditions (25±2oC, 70±5% R.H. and 12L: 12D) on larvae reared on sugar beet leaves collected from different treated plants. Treatments consisted of three irrigation regimes, irrigation after 70, 105, 140 mm of cumulative evaporation from class A pan, and also three N-fertilizer levels, 200, 150, 100 kg/ha net nitrogen. The results showed that the longest larval and pupal developmental time, the lowest pupal weight and the shortest adult longevity were observed in 70 mm cumulative evaporation treatment. Additionally, the longest pupal developmental time, the lowest pupal weight and the shortest adult longevity were in 100 kg/ha net nitrogen treatment. Larvae reared on leaves collected from 105 mm cumulative evaporation and 200 kg/ha net nitrogen treatment resulted in the highest intrinsic rate of increase (rm), net reproductive rate (Ro), gross reproductive rate (G. R. R.), finite rate of increase (λ), the shortest mean generation time (T) and doubling time (t). This indicated that moderate drought stress and the highest amount of nitrogen fertilizer may increase the population density of the pest

This study was aimed to the examination of the effect of tillage row spacing and bush spacing on the performance and components of Phaseou vulgaris var. (line: cos16). The investigation was conducted as cut terraces and in terms of complete random blocks in three replicates at Brujerd Agricultural Research and Natural Resources in the agricultural year 2009-2010. Here, the main terraces with three row spacing treatments (25, 50, & 75cm) and three density treatments of secondary terraces (30, 40, & 50 bushes/m2) were respectively shown with symbols A1, A2, A3 and B1, B2, B3. Each experimental terrace included 7 lines with 6m length and one between 2 terraces was considered as non-tillage line. After soil test, the land under study was sowed and, after disk, loader and Farozni operation, the tillage was done on 10th of May. The amount of fertilizer was applied based on soil test. To control weed, Terflan herbicide was used (2l/hec). In growth period, controlling peps was done again. At the time of harvest, the following qualities were considered: bush height, the number of secondary branches in a bush, husk length, number of husks in a bush, number of seeds in husk, biological performance, seed performance, and yield index. Test results showed that the difference between seed performance in hectare in row spacing and different bushes spacing was at %5 level of significance. And, maximum production in square area was gained at maximum spacing and the highest density (B3)

Traditional poultry production has changed to a considerable industry after few decades. Now, poultry industry is one of the main sectors to obtain the required protein for human consumption. Prediction of the weight and number of eggs according to economic traits can improve the efficiency of production and the profit of producers. In present study, the weight and number of eggs in Mazandaran native fowl were predicted using artificial neural network (ANN). The information of BW at birth, 8 and 12 weeks of age, weight and age at sexual maturity and the polymorphism of prolactin gene were used for the prediction. The results showed that ANN is reliable method for predicting the weight and number of eggs based on available information

A study was undertaken to determine the effects of different biofertilizers on growth and seed barley, Bahman cultivar in Iran. The trial was laid out in RCBD with split plot arrangement having three replications during 2011-12 and at Boroujerd, Iran. Treatments were three nitrogen biofrtilizers (Nitroksin, Nitrokara and Supernitroplass) and three phosphate  biofrtilizers (Phosphate barvar2, Biozarr and Superplass) with control for them. Results shows that differences between application of different bofertilizers was significant. However, application of Supernitroplass biofertilizer with  Phosphate barvar2 treatment has the highest seed yield (7.6 ton/ha) and non-application of biofertilizers treatment has the Pishtaz cultivar has the lowest seed yield (6.3 ton/ha). For give the highest seed yield we should apply both nitrogen and phosphate biofertilizers

Climatic parameters in time and space scales of change are for many reasons of Changes and how they should be based on observations using a statistical method to be determined. Analysis of the most widely used statistical methods that assess potential climate change on hydrological time series, such series of precipitation, temperature and flow rate used. This study of 11 synoptic,rain gage and climatology stations with 30 years during the years 1979 to 2009 period is Charmahal o Bakhtiari province.Mann-Kendall non-parametric and  sen estimate tests were used for the purpose of the study.The results showed that 11 stations were the only station in sepid dasht 95 and 99 percent had significant levels decline and changes in the slope is negative and other gage stations does not have significant trends. The results of this study can be in the long-term planning for water resources management, irrigation scheduling and prediction of future droughts in the province can be used

Tribulus terrestris is a herbal remedy which is used for various purposes in folk medicine. It has been used as tonic, aphrodisiac, astringent, analgesic, stomachic, anti-hypertensive, diuretic and urinary anti-septic. It is about 30 to 70cm high; it grows as a summer annual, has pinnately compound leaves, yellow flowers and stellate shaped carpel fruits. Since the past decades, some plants have been playing important role in disease curing along with artificial medications commonly called medicinal plants. Some have compared the tonic properties of Tribulus terrestris to the effects of ginseng, but these occur due to entirely different mechanisms. It is also claimed that Tribulus terrestris increases testosterone by increasing gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) which in turn stimulates the production of LH and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). Testosterone, besides its role in muscle-building and raising fertility and libido, is also known to have a positive effect on bone marrow activity (for red blood cell production) and the immune system

This study investigates the effects of  macroeconomic variables and their role in development of foreign exchange market. The foreign exchange market is the mechanism by which a person of firm transfers purchasing power form one country to another, obtains or provides credit for international trade transactions, and minimizes exposure to foreign exchange risk. The foreign exchange transaction is an agreement between a buyer and a seller that a given amount of one currency is to be delivered at a specified rate for some other currency. The foreign exchange market provides the physical and institutional structure through which the money of one country is exchanged for that of another country, the rate of exchange between currencies is determined, and foreign exchange transactions are physically completed. Geographically, the foreign exchange market spans the globe, with prices moving and currencies traded somewhere every hour of every business day. The foreign exchange market consists of two tiers: the interbank or wholesale market, and the client or retail market. Participants include banks and nonbank foreign exchange dealers, individuals and firms conducting commercial and investment transactions, speculators and arbitragers, central banks and treasuries, and foreign exchange brokers