فهرست مطالب

International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research
Volume:4 Issue: 3, Summer 2016

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1395/06/11
  • تعداد عناوین: 11
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  • Farhood Yeganehpoor *, Saeid Zehtab Salmasi, Jalil Shafagh Kolvanagh, Kazem Ghassemi Golezani, Soheila Dastborhan Pages 229-237
    Salicylic acid (SA) is a phyto-hormone that regulates physiological and biological processes in plants and can be used to improve plant growth under different environmental conditions, including water stress. Thus, a field experiment as split plot factorial based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications was conducted in 2014 to investigate the effects of fertilizer and salicylic acid on growth, chlorophyll content and grain yield of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) plants under drought stress. Treatments were three levels of water supply (irrigation after 60, 90 and 120 mm evaporation from class A pan) and four levels of fertilizer application (control, 100 kg ha-1 Urea, Nitrokara (biofertilizer) and 50% Urea + Nitrokara) and foliar spray of salicylic acid (0 and 1 mM). Results indicated that water deficit had a significant reduction effect on leaf area, chlorophyll content, fresh weight of root and leaf and grain yield. Salicylic acid and 50% Urea + Nitrokara resulted in a significant increase of all traits under stress and well watering conditions. Although highest amount of studied traits was observed in plants treated with SA or application of 50% Urea and Nitrokara under well watering, but the changes rate was higher under stress conditions. Therefore, salicylic acid and combination of urea and Nitrokara can be used to promote growth of coriander under different water availabilities, which ultimately can enhance field performance of this plant.
    Keywords: Fertilizer, Chlorophyll, Coriander, Salicylic acid, Water stress, Yield
  • Ade Komariah *_Roberto A Tatara_Del A Bustami Pages 238-245
    The level of dental and oral hygiene on elementary school age children is very low, so it can be increasing the incidence of dental and oral diseases which caused by various microorganisms. Moutwash can keep dental and oral hygiene, but many commercial mouthwash is still used alcohol as their ingredients, which can be giving side effects, therefore, we still needed used alternative mouthwash, which made from nano chitosan and nano calcium, derived from nature Xylotrupes gideon. This is a experimental study with pre and post test control group design using total plate count method. Total is 27 subjects, aged 9 years. Processing data is done by statistical test Chi Square, and one way ANOVA with software of SPSS 23. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of nano chitosan and nano calcium-based mouthwash formulations on lowering quantity of oral bacteria colonies among elementary schools children age. Measurement results the quantity of bacteria suggested that decreased of bacteria colonies before and after gargle, on negative control 30%-73%, positive control 33%-100%, the 250ppm concentration is 95% -100%, 500 ppm and 750 ppm concentration is 100%. Nanoparticles of chitosan and calcium-based mouthwash formulation from X. gideon has the ability to reduce oral bacterial colonies quantity among elementary school age children. More high concentrations of mouthwash formulations which are used more low quantity of oral bacteria colonies.
    Keywords: Mouthwash, Nano chitosan, Nano calcium, Bacterial quantity
  • Birhanu Gizaw *, Zerihun Tsegay, Belay Tilahun Pages 246-252
    Kocho and Bula are fermented product of Enset (Ensete ventricosum). It is the staple food for 20 million people in Ethiopia. The aim of study was to isolate, identify and characterize yeast species from fermented kocho and bulla by using Biolog Micro station. 300 Kocho samples were collected from Angacha District. 0.1ml of serially diluted samples were Streaked on yeast pepton dextrose agar and incubated at 280C. Pure yeast colony inoculum were prepared at 9ml distilled water at 49% +2 turbidometer and transferred in to YT micro plate. Incubated for 24-72 hours at 28oC and micro plate reading were carried out using MicroLog 3 Software version. 4.20.05. Seven yeast species were identified from study samples. Biolog Micro station 100% probability and >0.5 Similarity read identify Cryptococcus albidus Var aerus, Guilliermondella selenospora, Rhodotorula acheniorum and Trichosporon beigelii. 99% Cryptococcus terreus A, 98% Candida zylandase, 86% Kluyveramyces delphensis respectively. Characterization of yeast involved in kocho fermentation is very important for formulation of starter culture, improving, standardizing and modernizing quality of traditional Enset fermentation and preparation.
    Keywords: Bulla, Enseteventricosum, Kocho, Fermentation, Yeast
  • Morad Soleimani Sarghashk *, Musa Khammari, Davood Khammari, Saphora Bazi Pages 253-256
    The present study was carried out to determine the potential antibacterial effect of essential oil of Origanumvulgare against antibiotic resistant E.coli. In this study, the essential oil of Origanumvulgare obtained by hydrodistillation was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in order to determine their chemical composition. The minimum inhibitory concentrations were investigated to characterize the antimicrobial activities of this essential oil. The results in tables 1 showed that essential oil of Origanumvulgare had inhibitory effect against most isolated plates. The least MIC value of essential oil of Origanumvulgare was 0.62 mg/ml and the highest MBC value of essential oil of Origanumvulgare were 5 mg/ml and 10mg/ml. The present studies confirm the use of this essential oil as antibacterial agent. Further research is required to evaluate the practical values of therapeutic applications.
    Keywords: essential oil, Origanumvulgare, E. coli, Antibacterial activity
  • Morad Soleimani Sarghashk *, Musa Khammari, Davood Khammari, Saphora Bazi Pages 257-260
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of walnut tree root (Juglandaceae) on Escherichia coli is resistant to various antibiotics. Walnut tree root extract was obtained using a rotary device. 20 cases of E. coli was obtained from urinary tract infections Zabul hospital and MIC and MBC were determined using dilution in the wells. The results of the study showed that the concentrations of 20 and 10 mg L had the highest inhibitory effect at a concentration of 40 milligrams per milliliter, most have lethal effects. Our results suggest the effect of the extract against the tested bacteria in the laboratory that can represent their effects on living systems.
    Keywords: Antimicrobial activity, Extract, root, Orchids, E. coli
  • Basazinew Degu *, Bizuayehu Tesfaye Pages 261-275
    A field experiment was conducted to assess the optimum inter- and intra-row spacing on growth, yield and yield component of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) in 2014/15 cropping season at Wondo Genet Agricultural Research Center experimental site (at Wondo Genet station). Two inter-row spacing (60 and 90 cm) and three intra-row spacing (30, 60 and 90 cm) were evaluated using two varieties, WG-Hibiscus-Jamaica and WG-Hibiscus-Sudan on a plot size of 3.6 m length x 4.2 m width. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design in factorial arrangement with 12 treatments in three replications. SAS (version 9) software was used to compute the analysis of variance. The results revealed that varieties differed markedly in most of the studied parameters. Of the two varieties tested, variety WG-Hibiscus-Jamaican showed greater plant height, number of branches per plant, number of leaves/plant, leaf area, leaf area index, days to 50 % flowering, days to 95 % maturity, number of capsules/plant, fresh calyx yield/plant, dry calyx yield/plant, seed yield/plant, total number of capsules/ha, total fresh calyx yield/ha, total dry calyx yield/ha and total seed yield/ha. In contrast, variety WG-Hibiscus-Sudan matures earlier and had heavier 1000 seed weight than variety WG-Hibiscus-Jamaican. The present study demonstrated that, the highest total fresh and dry calyx yield/ha were recorded when WG-Hibiscus-Jamaica and WG-Hibiscus-Sudan were planted at inter-row spacing of 60 cm and intra-row spacing of 30 cm.
    Keywords: Hibiscus sabdariffa L, Inter-row spacing, Intra-row spacing, Fresh calyx yield, Dry calyx yield
  • Habiba Zerizer *, Fateh Merouane, Chahrazad Bougherara, Mouhamed Gagaoua, Kahina Hafid, Faiza Boughachiche, Didier Raoult, Abderrahmane Boulahrouf Pages 276-286
    Actinomycetes are an uncommon agent of human infections and its pathogenic factors are not known. The present study reports a rare case isolation of an actinomycete from a woman pleural fluid; the strain was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. This strain was tested to produce an extracellular protease that hydrolysis gelatin, casein and hemoglobin on agar mediums. The purification of the enzyme was carried by ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel filtration and ion exchange chromatographies. The activity of protease was studied at different pH values and temperatures and in the presence of metallic ions and inhibitors. The molecular weight of the enzyme was determined by 12% Tricine SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The strain was identified as Streptomyces cinereoruber ssp. cinereoruber. Extracellular proteolytic enzyme was purified at 19.67 fold and a 3.0% recovery. The enzyme was characterized as having optimal activities at pH 11.0 and 50°C, it keeps more than 50% of activity at pH between 4.0 to 12.0 and it is thermostable at 30 and 40°C. Enzymatic activity is enhanced in the presence of metal ions and inhibited by EDTA and 1,10-phenanthroline. The molecular weight was 53 kDa. This study reports the first case isolation of Streptomyces cinereoruber ssp. cinereoruber from pleural fluid, the extracellular zinc-metalloprotease was proposed as candidate virulence factor.
    Keywords: Pleural fluid, Streptomyces cinereoruber ssp. cinereoruber, Zinc-metalloprotease
  • S.D. Akoto *, M.A. Appiah, D.D. Appiah Pages 287-295
    Rambutan tree (Nepheliumlappaceum L.) is an important but a lesser known fruit tree in Ghana and has several nutritional and medicinal uses. Efforts to establish plantation of Rambutan in Ghana to ensure its sustainable use is challenged with unavailable planting materials because the seeds are recalcitrant in nature, loses viability easily when exposed to dryness. Seeds are therefore sown directly after extraction from fruit, even with this, most of the seeds do not germinate. A vegetative propagation technique by marcotting was devised to produce planting materials within 3 months. Four plant species of the same physiological age and spaced 4m apart were tested in complete random design fashion. Marcots were treated with four Indole-3-Butyric Acid (IBA) concentrations (0 Mg/L, 2000 Mg/L, 4000 Mg/L and 6000 Mg/L). Data collected were analysed on number of calluses formed in marcots, survival, shoot and root formation and root length. Comparable but highest survival of marcots was recorded in the 2000 Mg/L of IBA (14.67 +0.33) representing 97.78%. Marcots with 2000 Mg/L IBA concentration recorded highest mean number of roots (8.67 +0.33) formed. Root length ranged from 33.60 +0.52 in the 6000 Mg/L to 19.77 +1.26 in the control (0 Mg/L). Marcots with no IBA recorded 9.00 +0.58 as mean number of callused marcots. It is concluded that vegetative propagation technique by marcotting can be a suitable technique for Rambutan planting materials.
    Keywords: Indole-3-butyric acid, Vegetative propagation, Plantations, Marcotting, tissue culture
  • Mohsen Javaheri * Pages 296-304
    Sunflower is one of the most important edible oil that growth of annual crops, it is grown over a widely area and is considered a crop adapted to an every environmental conditions, in order to study growth analysis of sunflower under sowing date and cultivars in dry condition a farm experiment was conducted a split plot arranged in a complete randomized block design with three replications in the Dry Research Station. Main plots consist of four level sowing dates with ten-day intervals from (March 30 - April 30) and subplots consist of three cultivars: Record, Zarya and Azargol. In different sowing dates observed that sunflower plants had slow growth in the primary stage afterwards had a quick growth, so in second sowing date sunflower plants had a quick growth with received 1220 growing degree days. Among different cultivars, Record, cultivar had highest crop growth rates and relative growth rate. Record cultivar with 125 days had highest growth duration and Zarya with 122 days had lowest growth duration so sowing date and cultivar had a significant effect on grain yield, grain yield reduced with delayed in sowing date and Record had a highest grain yield. Results of evaluation total dry matter (TDM) showed that Record cultivar had highest total dry matter also, among different cultivars statistical significant different was observed thus delay in sowing date reduced oil yield and highest oil yield was obtained from Record cultivar.
    Keywords: Crop growth rate, Dry condition, Grain yield, Growth analysis, sunflower
  • Hassan Teimouri, Zia Obeidavi, Ali Pouria, Zohreh Jafari, Mehdi Safari, Shahriar Rashidzadeh, Sedighe Nadri * Pages 305-311
    The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and the outcomes of isolated CABG (Coronary Artery Bypass Graft) performed in Shahid Madani Hospital of Khorramabad, Iran. Data was retrospectively collected from the medical records retrieved from the hospital records office. All patients who had undergone isolated CABG under cardiopulmonary bypass in the Cardiothoracic Unit from 2007 till 2013 were identified and their demographic and clinical data were collected. Clinical data included BMI, ejection fraction (EF), history of COPD, MI, CVA, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and the main outcomes included pulmonary complications, renal complications, transfusion, duration of ventilation, reoperation, intensive care unit stay, hospital stay and death. Patients were divided into six groups according to the BMI as follows: group 1: (BMI < 18.5), group 2: (18.5 ≤ BMI < 25), group 3: (25 ≤ BMI < 30), group 4: (30 ≤ BMI < 35), group 5: (35 ≤ BMI < 40), group 6: (BMI ≥ 40). Finally, perioperative variables in the six mentioned groups were compared using appropriate statistical methods. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS software. In this study, 648 patients met the inclusion criteria of the study. The average age of the patients in the study was reported to be 61.35 ± 10.72 years. The average BMI was reports as 26.3 ± 4.03. The average cardiopulmonary bypass time was compared between the various BMI groups, which showed that the highest average belonged to group V+ (groups V and VI) and the lowest average belonged to group I, but this difference was not statistically significant (PV > 0.05).There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of the mean duration of mechanical ventilation, mean extubation time, drainage rate from the chest tube, and the amount of blood transfusion (PV > 0.05). Moreover, in 99.4% of the patients, broad-spectrum antibiotics, in 99.5% of the patients, inotropic drugs, and in 5.4% of the patients, IABP were used. Re-intubation was done in 3.1% of the patients. The average duration of hospitalization was 5.45 ± 1.48. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of hospitalization time (PV>0.05). In this study, 3.55% of the patients died. Smirnov and Kolmogorov tests showed that the distribution of quantitative variables is not normal in all the patients (PV<0.001). Therefore, to study the relationship between these quantitative variables, the Spearman correlation coefficient was used, which showed that none of the relationships were statistically significant. Therefore, considering these results, it can be suggested that if there is enough time before surgery, changes in the lifestyle of the individual be recommended so that he/she can attain a better health status. So, proper training and education can be very effective.
    Keywords: Body Mass Index, Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting, Postoperative complication
  • Mohammad Hossein Ghorbani *, Akram Pasandideh Tashakori Pages 312-318
    This study was conducted at the Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources farm, Iran, Golestan province with about 600 mm annual rainfall in order to evaluate the effect of different sowing dates on Azivash (Corchorusolitorius) seed quality, using a randomized complete block design with three replications on 2013. Treatments were four sowing dates such as May 5, Jun 5, Jul 11 and Agu 6. After seed maturity and harvesting, a seedling growth tests were done for each sowing date treatment in four replications. It used 25 number seeds in each replication. Seedling growth test was performed by BP (between paper) method for 7 days at 25C in incubator. The results showed that effect of sowing date treatment was significant on normal seedling percentage, abnormal seedling percentage, non-geminated seeds percentage and radicle and hypocotyl length. Mean comparison results showed that maximum normal seedling was recorded in Jun 5, Jul 11 and Agu 6 sowing dates. Minimum non-germinated seeds were recorded in Jul 11 sowing date. Also, seeds of Jul 11 sowing date treatment had the highest hypocotyl and radicle length. With regard to these founding and positive correlation between radicle length and normal seedling percentage and hypocotyl and radicle length with abnormal seedling percentage Jul 11 sowing date is the best sowing date for Azivash (Wild okra) cultivation in Gorganregional at Golestan province because of production of highest normal seedling production, lowest non-germinated seeds and longer hypocotyl and radicle length that result to highest seed quality and vigor.
    Keywords: germination, Seed quality, Sowing date, Wild okra