مجله راهبرد سیاسی
سال سوم شماره 4 (پیاپی 11، زمستان 1398)

Iran and Russia are two important countries that have historically been in contiguous neighborhood relations, over and over. These relations are influenced by many different variables - including the historical background of Russian interventions in Iranian internal affairs, the type of Iran-Russia interaction with the West, Russian pragmatism and the role of ideology in Iranian foreign relations, the promotion or decline of Iran-Russia power and influence in the region. And in the international system and ... - it has led to the pursuit of the two countries' interactions with sophistication, billing and expansion. Meanwhile, according to some analysts, since Putin's power as Russian president, relations between the two countries under the influence of Putin's Eurasian doctrine and changes in the power equation in the Southwest Asian region have improved in military, economic and cultural security. This research seeks to test this view on the question of what factors and at what level did Iran's rise in Putin's Eurasian doctrine come to pass during this period (2012 to 2020)? The findings of this descriptive-analytic study show that variables such as Russia's attempt to regulate and politico-economic institutionalization in the Eurasian region and counteract US hegemonic goals in the region and increase Iran's strategic power after South Asian political and social developments The West has sharply promoted Iran's position in Putin's Eurasian doctrine.

The turning point in US-Iranian relations dates back to the early 19th century, and in general, the relations between the two countries at this time and even until World War II - albeit with ups and downs - were largely confined to cultural, religious, and later to some extent economic relations. . Until 1920, US government officials were reluctant to attend Iran for various reasons, especially under the influence of Monroe's policy, but in mid-1320, due to new US assessments, this government had infiltrated Iran anyway. What's more. From this historic moment to the victory of the Islamic Revolution, Iran-US cooperation has gradually led to its widespread influence in political, social, cultural and economic affairs. Formally links with Western interests and expanding cultural and social relations are among the important issues of concern to the sovereignty of Iran in the 1940s. The United States is more interested in the Iranian authorities than in any other country. The purpose of this study is to briefly introduce the cultural and social activities of the United States of America in Iran and vice versa Iranian cultural and social activities in the United States until the victory of the Islamic Revolution of Iran.

In national planning for defense strategy in the context of timelines and programs, before considering how programs are implemented, they must calculate facilities and facilities for achieving the intended objectives. They have a defensive structure, they are just executors, and they need to do their job better They are entrusted with paying attention to structural quality, dynamic organization, and technical and tactical training. The overall purpose of this set is to examine the general foreign and domestic policies of the various periods in the defense and strategic defense dimension of the Islamic Republic of Iran which are closely related to the indicators and parameters. Economic, political and cultural, and as a consequence of aligning these parameters with the military element and overall characteristics of the martial organization in Iran, as well as analyzing the side-threats posed by transnational regional actors and nongovernmental groups against the Iranian political system. It is clear that in this article we will consider it according to the available indicators.

Water resources have long been an important issue in the domestic politics of countries, especially in arid and low-water areas of the world, such as the Middle East. According to UN studies, water scarcity is an acute crisis throughout the Middle East. A crisis that can only be controlled through the implementation of macro-realistic planning based on international interactions and using all the capabilities and capabilities. This paper has used library and documentary studies to study the status and dimensions of the water crisis in the Middle East and the challenges and solutions to this problem. According to the results, the future of the crisis in the whole region of the Arab Middle East is worrying, but its intensity and weakness are not the same in all parts and sectors, and in all areas the causes of the crisis are not the same, and therefore the outlook for the crisis is different. . The Persian Gulf water crisis is largely due to a natural shortage of water resources and is currently controlled by the crisis due to the simultaneous existence of oil dollars, water-rich neighbors and easy access to seawater to carry out water desalination projects. Conditions will continue. The challenges facing the water crisis in the Middle East potentially exist in relation to existing water resources in the Middle East, many of which have some roots in the management and use of water resources.

Alireza Alavi Tabar, a prominent Iranian intellectual, born in Shiraz in 1337, received his MA in Planning and Development from Isfahan University and a Ph.D. in Public Policy from Tehran University. He has worked for years at the University Jihad and the Center for Strategic Research, but what has earned him a reputation is writing articles on development that have been critically important and influential. Development is one of the multifaceted concepts that has always been discussed by scholars. Which of the dimensions has been at the forefront of the issue at stake? According to Alawis, the precondition for development in Iran is a change in political economy. Describes the current political context.

As an international project, the Belt and Road Initiative includes strategic areas covering 65 countries. Given that Iran is at the heart of this road and China recognizes Iran as a strategic actor on this road, the type of policy the two countries have taken in relation to this initiative is crucial. In addition, economic activity has long been a central focus of Iran-China relations. The automotive industry is crucial to both countries as one of the driving forces of the growing economies. Iran's failed experience of working with Western companies as well as China's rapid progress in this area provides the potential for greater cooperation in this initiative. In this regard, this article attempts to answer some of the most important questions in this regard: What is the impact of Iran-China trade and investment on Iran's automobile industry? Will China's trade and investment in Iran put the development of the automobile industry in Iran at risk? Does China's influence on products and capital drive the automobile manufacturing industry in Iran? This article firstly studies the Iran-China trade relations within a one-way belt and explains why we have focused on the automotive industry. Then we will outline the main factors of China's foreign investment in the industry.

Governments have always sought to maximize their power in the international system and compete with other actors to achieve this. This increase in power, if done at the regional level, will lead to fierce competition among the actors in the region, so that they spend a large portion of their national income on military spending. The Persian Gulf is one of the areas in which international politics and its interference with the interests of the great powers have been the focus of many scholars and policy makers. The main question of this article is: What is the position of the Islamic Republic of Iran in relation to the Persian Gulf in comparison with other Persian Gulf countries and can it be considered as the hegemon of the Persian Gulf in terms of aggressive realism? To advance the present study, descriptive-analytic method of interest has been used based on statistical data. According to the results of this research, from the perspective of aggressive realism, the present government is the top government to become hegemonic of the Persian Gulf, the Islamic Republic of Iran, which has significant economic and military advantages in addition to its geopolitical advantages.

Trafficking in human beings and migrants generates billions of dollars a year in profits for those who commit these crimes, and governments and international organizations have to spend a lot of money to fight these crimes. These high costs have led to a gradual approach to international documents, especially human trafficking and immigration trafficking protocols. The main question in the present study, which has been conducted by descriptive-analytical method, is what are the challenges and strategies to prevent human and migrant trafficking in the international legal system? The result of the present study is that the challenges facing the prevention of human trafficking and immigration are the lack of communication between human trafficking and immigrants and other crimes and the lack of attention to the role of NGOs and adopting repressive approaches instead of supportive approaches. Crimes against victims of trafficking in human beings and immigrants. Strategies to prevent human and migrant trafficking offenses can include identifying human trafficking practices and the origins of illegal immigration.

Iran's nuclear activities are one of the most important challenges that have overshadowed the relationship between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the European Union. This article examines the European Union's approach to Iran's nuclear program. So the main question in this article is why the European Union has not supported the US option of "use of force" in dealing with Iran's nuclear program? And in return, has it followed an approach? The temporary implication of the article is that the European Union, by rejecting the option of using force against the United States, has replaced the diplomacy approach with severe sanctions on Iran and brought the United States with it. In this regard, the findings of the study indicate that the implementation of prostitution, economic sanctions and comprehensive sanctions and support for the issuance of anti-Iranian resolutions by the "Security Council", in full coordination with the United States has been considered by the European Union. The data collection method in this research is based on library method and research method is descriptive-analytical method.

It is so important to investigate how political parties operated during the post constitutional revolution period, especially in the fifth national parliament. The performance and inefficiency of political parties during this period of the parliamentary cycles paved the way for the first Pahlavi (Reza Khan) to come to power. The principal question is that how did the political parties facilitate the transfer of power from Qajar to Pahlavi and determine the result of their political activity. The main theory is that the political parties paved the way for this political transmission through various ways, such as lack of political cohesion, weak attitude in political interaction, dissension and diversity of views. It is important to address the role of political parties in how to transmit power and participate in the issue of political power. Political parties as organizations which provide political participation for people and transmit power peacefully from one step to the next, have played an important role during historical periods.  Accordingly, addressing such issues provides an understanding of the past, a light for the future and a context for recognizing the political parties' attitudes and approach in each period. The research approach is historical and analytical-descriptive; and for collecting material the library method is used.