پژوهشنامه بازرگانی
پیاپی 93 (زمستان 1398)

Iran is a cradle of a thousand years old civilization, and one of the most important means of preserving the identity of this civilization is its art and culture, especially handmade carpets. One of the most critical issues of the carpet industry is the demand forecast. Identifying the factors affecting the sale of handmade carpets, such as understanding the current and future needs of the customer, the characteristics of consumers, income of customers, the price of handmade carpets, advertising and marketing, e-commerce and setting up exhibitions is one of the most critical approaches to the market aspect of this art, which has been neglected. The purpose of this study is to identify and rank the market factors of Iranian handmade carpets, which is why the market for this product has been studied in Isfahan. At first, the effective components of the sale of handmade carpets were identified. Then, due to the internal relations between these components, using the fuzzy network analysis method, these factors were ranked based on the degree of influence on the number of handmade carpet sales. The importance of the primary and secondary criteria has been quantitatively analyzed, and the effectiveness of these factors has been identified on the supply and demand of this commodity. The results indicate that the price of handmade carpet and carpet authenticity has the most significant impact on the sale of handmade carpets.

The three-dimensional multiple bin-size bin packing problem (MBSBPP) has many applications in logistic problems. Efficiently modeling and solving this problem can reduce time and transportation costs. In this paper we considered a spare parts company in Iran. We constructed a mathematical model of the problem. The Algorithm is then tested on some instances using GAMS software. Also a heuristic algorithm is developed. The results show that this heuristic is effective in both measures, cost and problem run-time. For obtaining best fleet composition, a simulation is performed. Cost of each scenario is calculated and finally best scenario is suggested for implementation.

According to economic theory, it is expected that by increasing import, competition for domestic enterprises increase and to maintain market share, they carry out innovative and R&D activities. So, in this study, the effect of import competition on R&D in Iran’s manufacturing industries was investigated. For this purpose, the Data from Iranian manufacturing was used in the form of four-digit ISIC codes for the period of 1994-2013. The results of model estimation based on dynamic panel data by SYSGMM approach showed import increase reduces R&D activities in the industry. Also, despite the fact that profiitebilty of industries has a negative impact on R&D activities, import increase in high-profit industries lead to R&D activities increase. In addition, the results indicate that R&D activates in industries with human capital and large firm is more, and import increase also encourages R&D activities in these industries.