فصلنامه شهر پایدار
سال دوم شماره 3 (پیاپی 7، پاییز 1398)

Nowadays , one of the intense problems of the city, which is strongly emphasized, is the urban Worn-out texture. Urban sustainability depends on the transformation and gradual change of the city's life in various dimensions and towards adaptation to the spatial needs of the times, and the failure to achieve this adaptation will at least weaken the urban texture. One of the serious problems of urban exhausted tissues is the increase of urban crime in these tissues. Women account for half of the population and are considered as the most important and influential social groups, which play a key role in the family and the upbringing of the next generation. One of the factors preventing the effective and active participation of women is security, especially in worn-out tissues. Therefore, it is necessary to be addressed the issues of women as social and human capital. The present study primarily seeks to explore the main factors affecting the security of women in urban texture and then analyze the impact , especially impact of the factors on the security of women in the worn-out tissues of Tarasht district , one by one . In order to discover the main factors, exploratory factor analysis and then to find out about the significance and effect of each of the discovered factors, Smart Pls software was used. Finally, it was concluded that the physical, supervisory and social factors have the most effect on the security of women in the worn-out texture of the Tarasht district . The point that is found in the findings is the placement of the supervisory factor in the second place and higher than social factor in terms of impact that indicate the importance of this factor among women.

The expansion of urbanization and the rapid growth of cities in the eighteenth century, followed by modernist thinking and changing the patterns of modern human life, have created problems for the cities in such a way that the city has lost its vitality and happiness. The expansion of urbanization and the rapid growth of cities in the eighteenth century, followed by modernist thinking and changing the patterns of modern human life, have created problems for cities, so that the city as a living creature has lost its own happiness and vitality. The main objective of the research is spatial analysis of the factors affecting the happy city from the viewpoint of citizens in Yazd. In this study, which is a type of applied research, a descriptive-analytical method was used. To collect the required information, documentary studies (theoretical framework of the research) and field studies (such as questionnaire and observation) were used. The population of the study includes citizens in Yazd who are 15 years old or more among which 384 citizens were chosen as the sample. SPSS software and multi-criteria decision-making methods were used to analyze the data. The results showed that there is a reciprocal relationship between the basic variables, education and happiness and there is no relationship between sex, marriage and age variables with happiness, Also, there is no relation between the type of activity and the amount of utilization of urban spaces with happy. There is a direct and significant correlation between the type of access to urban spaces and social dimensions with happiness, and there is a direct and significant correlation between economic dimensions and happiness, conversely, there is no relation between spatial dimensions and happiness. But the Shannon entropy model shows that social-spatial dimensions equally affect happiness, and the economic dimensions are the next priority.

Although urban population growth has had  some advantages for city residents  over the past decades, it has brought social, cultural, economic, biological and physical issues and challenges for many cities and their residents The continuation of this situation has led cities to distance themselves from sustainability and degrade the quality of life and lives of residents On this basis, "urban viability" was introduced as one of the sustainable development 's approaches   to address urban challenges and issues. Therefore, the present study has been conducted to evaluate urban viability in neighborhoods of   district  No.15 of Tehran. The descriptive-survey research method is applied and the required data of the research is provided through a questionnaire based on residents. The results show , by using one-sample t-test and considering the number  3 as an average, the livability score in this  district  was 2/46 that   among the five dimensions investigated in the present study, the managerial dimension with a score of 1/78  and the socio-cultural dimension with a score of 2/81, had the worst and best livability conditions in the district, respectively. Also, the results of Copras model showed that among the neighborhoods of district No.15, Abuzar neighborhood with a score of 0/0576 and Minabi neighborhood with a score of 0/0476  were respectively the best and  worst neighborhoods of district No.15 in terms of livability indices.

The livability of urban deteriorated texture refers to a set of evaluations that are used to improve the status quo of the problematic textures, of the city and its results can promote the quality of the texture and can topically transform the new life into a texture and provide an economical, social, environmental and physical structure for life. The present study was carried out using a multi-criteria decision-making technique called VIKOR, with the aim of evaluating the livability of urban deteriorated texture of areas one, two and three from the district of a municipality of Qazvin. To this end, by documentary study, all the factors involved in the livability of deteriorated texture at the district level were analyzed and utilized by the personal opinions of the components in five dimensions (economic, social, service and infrastructure, physical and biological), and for analyzing the information obtained from the Shannon entropy techniques, the VIKOR and the ArcGis software. The results show that in the economic, social, service and infrastructure of urban, cultural and spatial environment, in the environmental dimension, respectively, the areas of two, three, one, three, and three are at a high level of viability and have been in a relatively favorable position. In general, the findings of the research indicate that the area 3 is relatively desirable in terms of the livability of deteriorated texture, and this position indicates a close relationship with the social, physical, spatial and environmental conditions of this area.

The supply of residential land by government and public institutions especially since the 1981A.D, is one of the main factors shaping the construction of Iranian cities. In such a situation, due to the formation of rent space, resulting from the realization of the land exchange value in the city, the urban construction coherence has been affected. This paper, by descriptive-analytical method, investigates the role of residential land development plans on the coherence and integrity of urban construction in Zanjan. Data is collected through library studies and based on objective data. For data analysis, Space syntax method, weight overlap analysis and IDW interpolation with the aid of ARC GIS, Depthmap & Auto CAD software have been used. The findings of the paper showed that the Golshahr land development plan, in proportion to providing a high share of the land exchange value, the low share of use value and the emergence of space field for derivation of absolute rents, had a major impact on the failure and the reduction of urban construction Coherence in Zanjan. In contrast, Karmandan, Payin Kooh, Olum Pyeh, Koye Qaem & Azadegan, due to the relative observance of the regulations of urban master plans, land supply based on the land use value and the absence of redistribution rent-seeking behavior by reducing the time of conversion of residential land plots into residential buildings and proper location in conjunction with the existing fabric of the city Has created a urban construction coherence with favorable spatial links.

Universities can play an effective role in regeneration  old and urban historical texture through scientific, cultural and entrepreneurial actions. This research studies the role of universities in cultural rehabilitation of the central historical part of Tehran. The area of ​​study of this research is the internal area of ​​the “Naseri Fence” with an area of ​​2,250 hectares, which has been registered by the Cultural Heritage Organization and is located in Tehran municipality of No.11th and 12th districts. The statistical population of this study consisted of  289 faculty members in the fields of  Urban Planning, Architecture, Geography and Urban Planning, Urban Management and Tourism Planning at five important public universities located on  the northern edge of the study area (Kharazmi, Amirkabir, Art, , Tehran and EMAM-Ali University ). The sample size of this study was  estimated 35 urban faculty members and experts of ​​these universities, that is based on a saturated opinion  of repetition of the responses. Data were collected by using of a semi-structured interview and a researcher-made questionnaire. The items of this questionnaire were determined by using of  the theoretical basis of cultural regeneration and the tasks and missions of the third and fourth generation universities, and were matched and rewritten with the study area and community. Face validity method was used to check validity of the variables and the questionnaire. Descriptive statistics (mean, T-test) and structural equation method (SEM) were used in order to data analysis. Based on the finding of this research, the studied universities can contribute to the cultural regeneration of the central historical part of Tehran through alteration of  their practices and actions related to their educational tasks and goals , but the results also indicate that these  universities are still in their infancy

Life and security are natural human rights that the basis of other human rights and fundamental freedoms. Security as a fundamental condition of human life is understandable in all places of the world and the constitutions of countries. Security moved away from the traditional aspects such as the physical and military dimensions and it encompasses more features of human life. In the meantime, sustainable citizen security is a new concept that, while having the previous dimensions, encompasses various aspects and is directly related to human quality of life and dignity. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the factors that contribute to sustainable citizen security. The main issue of this research is to identify the factors and indicators which lead to shape sustainable citizen security and then distinguish synergistic relationship between the factors by using of interpretative structural modeling. This research in terms of purpose is an applied one and in order to obtain information, descriptive and library method is used. Factors affecting the formation of sustainable citizen security have been determined based on reviewing previous international literature and documents as well as interviews with experts. Then by using of ISM methodology, the relationships between factors was analyzed. Finally, the factors were analyzed with regard to their effectiveness and impact on other factors via MICMAC analysis. The results show that political and economic factors are the main drivers in the formation of sustainable citizen security and any action to create and improve sustainable citizen security requires to reform in these two factors. Linkage factors including social, health, dietary, and environmental ones also play a vital role in this system. The personal factor in this system is passive and is influenced by other factors in relation to the concept of sustainable citizen security.

In recent years, the low level of physical activity and its complications become to a challenge that are considered by health professionals. One of the aspects that is considered in this regard is to explore ways to promote health-oriented activities in the least time and at the least possible cost, during daily life. Health-oriented walkways are urban attractive pathways that, while creating   an "active connection" between urban daily destinations, also provide free physical activity and exercise in public and open spaces for people. The development of such spaces, in addition to its "functional" and "environmental" aspects, contributes significantly to improve the general health of city inhabitants. The purpose of this article is to investigate the impact of environmental quality components on people's acceptance of urban health-oriented walkways. This paper is an applied research and its approach is analytical-interpretive. In order to collect and analysis data; quantitative strategy, questionnaire and linear regression test were used. For this purpose, "Shiraz Health walkway" has been selected as a case study, after reviewing the literature, environmental indicators affecting the quality improvement of urban health-oriented walkways have been extracted and classified into four functional, environmental, physical-aesthetic and social categories. Then, by codifying a questionnaire in 21 items, the effect of environmental indicators as independent variables on the acceptance of these types of spaces was evaluated by 380 users of the intended walkway. The Results of data analysis by multiple linear regression test, show that "safety," " inclusiveness," and "visual qualities" have the most impact on citizens' acceptance of urban-oriented walkways. Paying attention to these indicators in strategic planning priority to improve the quality of these spaces can have an impact on promoting community health by increasing physical activity.