مجله علوم پزشکی پارس
سال هفدهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 49، پاییز 1398)

Campylobacteria is one of the most common groups of bacteria which is transmitted between humans and animals. Among the animal source foods, the presence of campylobacter species in poultry meat has been extensively reported and the consumption of undercooked meat is the most important cause of campylobacter transmission to humans. The aim of this study was to identify Campylobacter spp.in Jahrom slaughterhouse chickens in2016-17.

In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 328 samples of poultry carcasses were randomly selected from slaughterhouses of Jahrom during spring and winter of 2016-2017.Campy-Thio transient medium were used for transferring samples. Exeter Broth enrichment medium and Agar Skirrow selective medium and specific Bacteriological tests were used to identify campylobacter.Data were analyzed by SPSS software version21in descriptive statistics level and using frequency, percentage and chi-square test at the significant level of 0.05.

Out of 328 samples, contamination with Campylobacter species was showed in 217(66.2%) ones, 146 (67.3%) and 71 (32.7%) of the samples were infected with Campylobacter jejuni and other Campylobacter species, respectively. It is necessary to mention that 118samples (72%) were contaminated in spring and 99 ones (60.4%) in winter. Also, Frequency of Campylobacter species in liver was79.3%, gizzard 69.5%, heart 61% and meat of poultry55%.

Due to the contamination of poultry carcasses (66.2%) especially the liver, which is a potential source of Campylobacter species infection and one of the major health hazards in human society, quality control, and the significant association between infection frequency and season Notification about not consuming certain parts of chicken and training proper methods of consumption and full baking of poultry meat and precautions during the different seasons seems essential.

Nowadays, obesity is one of the health problems and risk factors for many diseases and with increasing prevalence of obesity necessary to prioritize effective psychological strategies to deal with this problem. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of integrative psychotherapy on body image, mindful eating, and satisfaction treatment and therapist in obese individuals.

This quasi-experimental study with pre- and post-test design with control group and follow-up structure was performed 3 months after intervention. Thirty obese women were selected and randomly divided into two groups; intervention (n = 15) and control (n = 15. Intervention of training was done in nine session of 90 minutes for experimental group and the control group received any intervention. Body image, mindful eating and satisfaction of treatment and therapist questionnaires, were used for data collection before and after the intervention.

Findings of the analysis of variance indicated that there is a significant difference in body image and mindful eating and without significant difference in satisfaction with therapy and therapist after intervention between two groups. that there were no difference The mean values of the variables (body image, mindful eating, satisfaction with therapy and therapist) at  pre-test phase was not different between two study groups, but in post-test and follow-up phases there was a significant difference (p= 0.001) and improvement was observed. The difference of mean values of two groups in body image at post- test and follow-up phase respectively was 8.40 6.260 scores, in mindful eating variable was -28.86 and -32.33 scores, follow-up phase and for satisfaction of therapy and therapist variable was 2.53 and 4.80 scores.

Integrative psychotherapy can affect the body image, mindful eating and satisfaction of therapy and therapist of people and by using this method, the attitudes of obese individuals may be able to changed and improve.

U87 cell line contains glioblastoma cancer cells as the most acute type of human brain tumor. Increased expression of Bcl-2 gene in cancer cells has anti-apoptotic effect. In the present study the effect of Spirulina extract on gene expression in cancer cell line was investigated. Algae extract contains large amounts of beta-carotene, which is an anticancer substance. Today, because of the side effects of chemical drugs, the tendency to use algae and medicinal plants in the treatment of diseases has increased.

The brain cancer cell line was procured and cultivated from the Iranian Biological Resource Center. Cells were divided into two treatment and control groups. Spirulina alga extract was affected on the treatment group and its toxicity was measured using MTT assay. The reference gene in this study was GAPDH. RNA was extracted from control and control cells and cDNA was made. The expression of genes was evaluated using ∆∆Ct in Real-time PCR.

The result of MTT assay showed that the IC50 value was 10.01 mg/ml for the 48-hour treatment. The result of Real-time PCR showed that the expression of Bcl-2, the anti-apoptotic gene, decreased by 3 times in treatment group. Decreased gene expression was statistically significant because p-value was less than 0.05 (p-value = 0).

According to the results of MTT assay and Real-time PCR, the expression of Bcl-2 decreased 3 times in treatment group significantly.

Studies have shown that simulated microgravity (SMG) affects tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. However, the underlying mechanism and its molecular basis are still not well known. In recent years, due to the role of CD44 in breast cancer and its high expression in invasive basal tumors, it has been the subject of extensive research. There is a conflicting data on the role of the CD44 in both tumor suppression and promotion. The aim of present study was to investigate the gene expression of CD44 and apoptosis in MCF-7 cell line of breast cancer in simulated microgravity condition.

MCF-7 was proliferated under normal gravity and microgravity (1 and 3 days) using clinostat. Gene expression and apoptosis was measured using real-time PCR technique and Annexin V staining kit.

The results indicated that SMG reduced gene expression (50%) after 1 day and increased it (four times) during 3 days. Also, apoptosis was increased 40% after 1 day.

It seems the response of cancer cells to microgravity is time dependent and microgravity treatment for 1 day may have a positive effect on cancer characteristics for achievement to effective cancer therapy.

Methicillin and Mupirocin –resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are considered as the important hospital pathogens. One of the important resources of this organism in nosocomial infection is related to hospital personnel. The objective of this research was is to investigate the frequency of MRSA gene in staphylococcus aureus isolated from Hospital staff in Darab by multiplex PCR.

In this study, 150 hospital staffs were investigated and specimens of staphylococcus aureus which isolated from those were confirmed by biochemical and microbial methods. The disk diffusion method was used to determine the susceptibility of the isolates to methicillin and mupirocin antibiotic. Then, the presence of mec-A, mup and nuc genes were investigated by using of Multiplex PCR method.

Among of 150 subjects investigated, 120 ones (80%) were female. Totally, 53 people (35.3%) were carriers of Staphylococcus aureus which 42 and 11 were female and male, respectively. Among of the 11 staphylococcus aureus isolated in men, 4 cases were methicillin-resistant and any of them were not mupirocin-resistant. Of the 42 staphylococcus aureus isolated in women studied, 11 cases were methicillin-resistant and 2 cases were mupirocin-resistant. Using of molecular method, 11 isolates (9.5%) were contained mec-A gene and any of isolates were not contained mup gen.

The frequency of methicillin- and mupirocin-resistant staphylococcus aureus among the personnel of Darab Hospital was relatively low. However, permanent control of the carriers and treatment of them can prevent the spread of this bacterium and its associated infections

Propofol is an intravenous anesthetic drug that has been widely used in outpatient and short-term surgery due to its rapid recovery. However, pain during propofol injection can cause discomfort in 28 to 91% of patients. Various sources have argued that the effects of hydrocortisone and lidocaine on pain during propofol injection are contradictory. The present study was investigated the comparison of effect of hydrocortisone and lidocaine on pain during propofol injection.

In a randomized double-blind clinical trial, 150 patients, aged 15-65 years with ASA I and II physical grade who were candidates for elective surgery under general anesthesia at Shahid Mohammadi Hospital in Bandar Abbas in 2019 were enrolled. They were, randomly divided into 3 groups of 50 subjects'. Group A received lidocaine 2%, 1 mg / kg; group B received 25 mg hydrocortisone; and group C received 5 ml saline. The severity and incidence of pain after propofol injection were evaluated. Data were analyzed by SPSS software, version 19 and analyzed by independent t-test and chi-square or fisher exact test. P-values ​​less than 0.05 were considered as significant.

There was a significant difference in incidence of pain during propofol injection between the three groups (lidocaine and hydrocortisone, lidocaine and hydrocortisone and with normal saline) (p <0.001). There was also a significant difference in pain severity between the lidocaine and hydrocortisone with normal saline groups, while there was no significant difference between the lidocaine and hydrocortisone groups (p= 0.615). The effect of hydrocortisone and lidocaine on pain was not significant according to sex, age and weight.

Hydrocortisone and lidocaine reduce pain during propofol injection and the effect of lidocaine was more than hydrocortisone. However, using of these medications may be able to reduce the pain resulted during propofol injection.