مجله پژوهش در علوم توانبخشی
سال پانزدهم شماره 5 (آذر و دی 1398)

Stuttering is a communication disorder in the smooth and continuous flow of speech that occurs at different intensities. These disorders can have a negative impact on one's mental health. The purpose in this study is to determine the effectiveness of group therapy based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on stress and depression in adolescents with stuttering aged 14 to 18 years.

The study was performed in a randomized controlled clinical trial design and the subjects were randomly divided into the two experimental and control groups after the pre-test. The intervention was performed in 8 sessions. In the two groups, stress and depression were measured by the Depression, and Anxiety and Stress Questionnaire (DASS-21) before and after the intervention. ANCOVA was used to analyze the data.

The results showed that ACT significantly affected stress (P = 0.011) and depression (P = 0.014).

The results of this study showed that ACT treatment is effective in reducing stress and depression. 

Malalignments in the lower limb can affect the biomechanics of human movements such as walking. The ankle joint has a major role in shock absorption, however abnormalities such as genu valgum can disrupt its function. The objective in this study is to investigate the effect of corrective exercise with ThraBand® on the ankle joint co-contraction in patients with genu valgum during walking.

24 male students (20-30 years old) were randomly divided into the two control and experimental groups. Corrective exercises were performed for 8 weeks using TheraBand® for the experimental group. The electrical activity of the selected muscles was recorded by the electromyography (ECG) device (Biometrics Ltd, UK). The statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software and repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the significant level of 0.050.

Findings in the experimental group showed that the general co-contraction of ankle joint increased significantly in the heel contact phase during the post-test phase compared to the pre-test phase (P = 0.044; d = 0.12). Other components did not show any significant differences (P > 0.050).

Generally, increased co-contraction of ankle during the heel contact phase indicated greater ankle joint support after the corrective exercise.

Cervical Osteoarthritis is a disease resulting from degeneration of facet joints in vertebra.It may be associated with paresthesia, muscle weakness in limbs, and severe pain in neck, shoulder, and back, spinal cord dysfunction, and myelopathy. Cervical Osteoarthritis is prevalent especially for elder people. The aim of this study was to design an exergame and clinical evaluation of its effect on pain sensation and muscle strength in people with cervical osteoarthritis.

This study is a randomized clinical trial study. Twenty three patients was referred to the Shariati Hospital Physiotherapy Clinic, which was presented by an orthopedic specialist. Subjects were randomly allocated into two groups 12 patients in the exercise with game group and 11 patients in the routine exercise group. The exercise with game group received routine physiotherapy treatment with performing isometric neck exercises with a exergame and the routine exercise group received routine physiotherapy treatment with isometric exercises without playing. Both groups were treated for 4 weeks and 3 sessions per week. Neck Disability Index, Visual Analogue Scale and isometric strength of neck muscles were measured in three steps (baseline, posttreatment assessment and follow-up at 1 month) by functional disability assessment questionnaire,visual scale of pain and hand-held dynamometer, respectively.

The results of this study showed that in both routine treatment and treatment with exergame groups, mean neck muscle strength increased, followed by mean pain intensity and mean level of functional disability. In the treatment with exergame group, the pain intensity was significantly lower than the routine treatment group (P = 0.048).

One of the main challenges in Exergame designing was to perform isometric neck exercises with specific repetition, intensity, and duration, the standard training protocol. Playing with the game gradually improved neck pain and neck functional level in patients with cervical osteoarthritis.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of virtual filial therapy fr mothers on the social skills and aggression in children with learning disabilities.

The target population in this randomized controlled clinical trial was all the 6-11 years old children with learning disabilities in Esfahan city during 2018-2019. 30 children with learning disabilities were selected based on Wolcott learning disabilities screening test through convenient sampling and randomly divided into two groups of 15 subjects. In the pre-test and post-test stages, mothers completed the Novaco Anger Scale and Matson's Social Skills Questionnaire. Then, educational materials, including text, photos, and videos were provided weekly via social networks for the mothers in experimental group. The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance.

Virtual filial therapy significantly improved negative social skills (P=0.001) and its dimensions including non-social behavior (P=0.046), aggression and impulsive behavior (P=0.003), over self-confidence (P=0.013) and aggression variable (P=0.031) and aggressive thinking dimension (P=0.008), although its effects were not significant on positive social skills (P=0.734) and its dimensions including appropriate social behavior (P=0.515), communication with peers (P=0.515), decreasing aggressive behavior (P=0.059) and aggressive feeling (P=0.109).

it seems that virtual filial therapy of mothers can be used to improve negative behaviors of children with learning disabilities.

computer games are one of the important techniques for informing and educating. Childhood is the best time to learn a second language and computer games are an attractive tool for this purpose. The purpose of this study is to investigate the ability of sound processing in computer games to improve the process of English language teaching and design a game in this regard.

This research is based on library studies and, on the basis of the studies, a game has been designed on android platform for kids. The game was designed in Unity environment with C # language. The child was able to choose a group of words based on color, object, and so on. In part of the game, the correct pronunciation was performed for the child. In another part of the game, the child’s pronunciation was received and its accuracy was measured.

50 popular smartphone-specific commercial language learning applications were examined, which yielded three main results. Programs tend to teach words individually, are tailored to the learner's least skill, and rarely provide learners with corrective feedback.

The proposed software seems to be able to be suggested for correcting English words pronunciation in children aged 8 to 13 years in educational centers and language institutes and even at home.

The purpose of the present study was to graphically and comprehensively illustrate the data on the impact of violent games on the behavior of children and adolescents.

This visualization system was designed based on the Schneider principle using the results of a clinical study by psychologists at the University of Ohio that included 242 children aged 8 to 12 years in three groups. All groups played different versions of the Minecraft game, then using data recorded in an Excel file on the Figshare site. 4 variables were depicted. The variables were finding the gun, length of time the gun was held, the number of trigger pulls, as well as demographic or control characteristics including age and gender of the child was depicted.

Visualization was designed in the processing environment and it was easy to compare the three groups using color, shape and coordinate channels. Accordingly, it appears that violent behaviors in children who experienced gun play were greater than those played the sword; both of them showed more violent behaviors than the group who played non-violent version. Violent behaviors were also more prevalent in male children in all three groups. In other words, girls in the 8-12 age group in all three groups were less likely to exhibit post-match violent behavior.

In this study, data on the impact of violent games on the behavior of children and adolescents were graphically and comprehensibly visualized based on the Schneider Principle and revealed that violent behaviors in children who experienced violent games were higher than control group. Violent behaviors were also more prevalent in male children in all three groups.

Nowadays, squats are commonly used in rehabilitation centers to expand power and muscle power and strength. In this study, biomechanics and muscle function has been reviewed during of squats. The aim of this study was recognizing the gaps and deficiencies of previous studies and providing suggestions to improve the application and safety of squats for rehabilitation and training purpose.

Pub Med and Science Direct databases were searched for studies published in English between 2000 and 2020. Google Scholar search engine was used also. Adopting from Mesh terms, Squat, Biomechanics, Muscle function and Optimization as well as the combination of these terms were used. The final analysis was done on more than 32 articles with direct relationship.

The Squat was widely investigated for several purposes such as improving technique, preventing injury and promoting muscles function. The most common parameters in kinematics, kinetics and muscle function context were joints range of motion, joints maximum torque especially maximum torque of the knee joint and quadriceps and hamstring muscles function, respectively. Despite numerous studies examining muscle function, there was not enough information about profound muscles involved in squat exercise. Furthermore, none of squat methods were optimized in terms of motion pattern.

Perform back squat with wide stance (≥ shoulder width) with natural foot positioning, unrestricted movement of the knees, and full depth while the lordotic curve is maintained is an optimal technique. But it should be noted, the use of musculoskeletal models to optimize motion pattern and inform of profound muscles function are beneficial to find gold standards and more use of the squat for clinical and rehabilitation purposes.

The purpose of this research is to compare social intelligence and sexual identity,violence and addiction tendency between adolescents dependent on playing online GTA video game and normal ones.

this study is a cross_sectional analysis base on the comparison between a playing group and a control group.The target population consists of all adolescents playing online GTA video game.60 of them were chosen accessible and purposeful as ppayong group and answered to questions about sexual identity,social intelligence,violence and addiction tendency and 60 other adolescents who had never played any online games were considered as control group. The results were evaluated by using covariance analysis method.

the social intelligence and addiction tendency to play video games variable due to the sexual identity was effective on adolescents dependent on playing video games (p=/018) However, addiction to play video games did not have much effect on male and female identity(sig=/809)

Althogh playin video online GTA video game does not have much effect on adolescents' sexual identity , it seems like it has significant effect on their social intelligence and addiction tendency.