مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قم
سال سیزدهم شماره 12 (پیاپی 95، اسفند 1398)

Spermatogonial stem cells are specific cells that have the ability of self-renewal and differentiation. These cells play an essential role in maintaining spermatogenesis and fertility. In this regard, the present study was performed with the purpose of investigating the effect of different concentrations of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) on in vitro colony formation of caprine spermatogonial stem cells.

Spermatogonial cells, were isolated from prepubertal goat testis using two-step enzymatic digestion. Then, isolated cells were cultured for 10 days in four groups. In the control group, simple culture of spermatogonial cells was performed in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) containing 1% antibiotics and 5% FBS (Fetal Bovine Serum). In the treatment groups 1, 2, and 3, different concentrations of follicle stimulating hormone (5, 10, and 20 IU/ml), was added to the culture medium, respectively. The culture media were changed every 72 hours. Identification of cells was confirmed by immunocytochemical staining against PGP9.5 antigen. Immediately after isolation, percentage of cells viability, surface area, and number of colonies formed on 4th, 7th and 10th days after the culture, were evaluated using an inverted microscope. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA test.

The findings indicated that viability rate of Spermatogonial stem cells after isolation was 89.4 ± 2.32%. The effect of FSH on the formation of spermatogonial cells colonies was dose dependent. Doses of 5 and 10 IU/ml increased the surface area and number of the spermatogonial cell derived colonies but dose of 20 IU/ml reduced colonies formation (p < 0.05).

FSH can provide an appropriate culture medium for the study of spermatogonial cells in vitro.

Previouse studies demonstrated inverse association between healthy eating index and alot of chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease and cancer and mortality. Since there are limited study about relation between healthy eating index and reting metabolic rate. considering the results of some studies about the relation between weight, body composition and blood suger and considering the association between these factores and RMR,  the aim of this study is to investigate this association.

this study is a cross sectional study that was conducted on  256 subjects who were above 18 years old. Body composition, resting metabolic rate, were evaluated.  Dietary intakes including macronutrient and energy intake of participant were mentioned using a validated  food frequency questionnaire 168 items. resting metabolic rate was evaluated by inderect calorymetry(MetaLyzer 3B-R3) and body composition was assested by Multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analyzer InBody 770 scanner (InBody co, Seoul, Korea).To evalute relation between healthy eating index with body composition and resting metabolic rate, ANCOVA was used. Also curve estimation was performed to find linear association between RMR and HEI.

this study did not found significant relation between healthy eating index and resting metabolic rate in both gender(men: p=0.83, women: p= 0.9). The score of healthy eating index in men was higher than women and with age increased, the score of healthy eating index increased.

Current study did not demostrate  any  significant differences between resting metabolic rate and body composition in tertiles of healthy eating index.

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder caused by abnormal electrical discharges from the brain. Carbamazepine is used to treat epilepsy. Over time, this drug may increase oxidative stress and reproductive abnormalities in patients with epilepsy. Wheat germ oil has the highest amount of vitamin E, among other vegetable oils. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of wheat germ oil as an antioxidant-rich source on oxidative stress and in vitro fertilization in carbamazepine-treated epileptic male mice.

In this experimental study, 40 adult male and 20 adult female Balb/C strain mice with a mean weight of 25-30g were used.  Male animals divided into 4 groups (n=10), including: control; pentylenetetrazole (40 mg/kg/day); pentylenetetrazole (40 mg/kg/day) + carbamazepine (180 mg/kg/day) and pentylenetetrazole (40 mg/kg/day) + carbamazepine (180 mg/kg/day) + wheat germ oil (500 mg/kg/day). All doses were given to the male rats orally for 42 days based on g/kg body weight. Five healthy female mice were used for ovulation in each group. At the end of the treatment period, quantity of catalase enzyme, total antioxidant capacity, fertilization, zygote development, were examined. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA in SPSS19 software.

The results of this study showed that administration of wheat germ oil in the carbamazepine-treated group significantly (P <0.05) increased amount of the catalase, total antioxidant capacity, fertilization and zygote development in the laboratory.

Wheat germ oil acts as an antioxidant agent and increases the amount of catalase, total antioxidant capacity and in vitro fertilization by reducing free radicals due to epilepsy and carbamazepine consumption.

Intense exercise results in the production of free radicals and damage caused by oxidative stress. In this regard, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of Silybummarianum consumption along with a period of increasing exercises on the oxidative response to an acute exercise session in young wrestlers.

A total of 20well-exercised wrestlers, were randomly divided into two groups of exercise along with Silybummarianum consumption and exercise along with placebo consumption after obtaining written consent. The Silybummarianum supplement group was supplemented at a dose of 300 mg, three times a day for four weeks. Blood samples were taken before and immediately after an equal training session before supplementation and after one month of supplementation. In order to analyze the data, repeated measures analysis of variance and independent t-test were used.

In terms of between group differences, there was a significant increase in superoxide dismutase levels before exercising and after supplementation (p = 0.032) and immediately after exercise and after supplementation (p = 0.002) in the Silybummarianum group. There was also a significant decrease in malondialdehyde levels ​​before exercise and after supplementation (p = 0.001) and immediately after supplementation (p = 0.001) in the Silybummarianum group. Moreover, there was a significant increase in total antioxidant values before exercise after supplementation (p = 0.001) and immediately after exercise and after supplementation (p = 0.008) in the Silybummarianum group. According to the repeated measures ANOVA, the mean level of malondialdehyde in the Silybummarianum group was lower than the control group.

 Therefore, it can be concluded that the consumption of Silybummarianum in increasing exercises leads to the decrease of oxidant indexes and increase in antioxidant indexes.

Varicocele is one of the most common causes of male infertility. Varicocele is an abnormal dilatation and tortuosity of veins of the pampiniform plexus, which drain the testis. Studies have shown that elevated level of oxidative stress markers, such as nitric oxide (NO) in the dilated veins of patients with varicocele impair testicular function. The aim of this study, was to investigate the relationship between nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3), T-786C, and 4a4b gene polymorphism as a common genetic factor with the risk of varicocele in Iranian men.

The association of NOS3 T-786C and 4a4b gene polymorphisms in 60 Iranian men with varicocele and 61 control samples, were investigated using Multiplex-ARMS PCR and conventional PCR techniques.Data were statistically analyzed by t-test at the significance level of p<0.05.

The results revealed that among 60men with varicocele, 95% had -786 TTgenotype, 3.3% had heterozygotic genotype T-786C, and 1.6%, were CC in T-786C polymorphism. In addition,just 5% were heterozygote (ab) in 4a4b polymorphism and 95% had wild type genotype (aa), which was not statistically significant.

In this study, the majority of individuals had wild-type genotypes TT and aa in T-786C and 4a4b polymorphisms, respectively.According to this data, no significant differences were found between NOS3 gene T-786C and 4a4b polymorphisms in the individuals with varicocele. It is worth noting that further studies should be performed to confirm these findings

Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from the lungs of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients are often heterogeneous and antibiotic resistant strains. Our work therefore focused on the antibiotic resistance properties of these P. aeruginosa strains isolated from Iranian patients, as well as the genetic diversity analysis by a repetitive-element-based molecular assay.

This cross-sectional study performed on 100 strains of P. aeruginosa isolated from CF patients. The isolates were diagnosed using standard biochemical tests, and their antibiotic resistance patterns were determined. Molecular diversity investigated by ERIC-PCR and BOX-PCR methods, and the correlation between molecular types and antimicrobial resistance patterns determined by Pearson's chi-square test.

The prevalence of multiple drug resistant isolates was 35%, and in terms of hypermutator [HP] phenotypes, only two isolates were HP. Most isolates (96%) were resistant to Rifampin, and the highest susceptibility to Streptomycin, Imipenem, and Meropenem were 96%, 93%, and 94%, respectively. Molecular analysis demonstrated that BOX-PCR fingerprinting produced 24 patterns in eight clusters, while ERIC-PCR resulted in 26 patterns in nine clusters.

The detection of large proportions of diversity and multi-antibiotic-resistant P. aeruginosa strains in CF patients within Iran indicates that this pathogen can be a threat to our public health. Our findings are useful for understanding the evolution of P. aeruginosa population in CF patients and identifying new targets for control of CF chronic infections.