فصلنامه طب مکمل
سال نهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 33، زمستان 1398)

 Momen Tonekabani is one of the most famous physicians in the history of Iranian herbal pharmacology. He wrote a comprehensive book of single and compound drugs with the aim of correcting the book Ekhtiarat-e-badiee . This book is an example of the pharmacology books in the Safavide era. Infertility is a complex life crisis and a psychological threat. Many studies have likened the psychological consequences of infertility to public grief reactions.  

 This review study, using a library method, focuses on the book Tohfat al-Momenin for collecting data. In this regard, effective materia medica in infertility treatment are investigated. 

 We found 396 materia medica, each of which had a direct and indirect effect on infertility. They could be consumed in the form of incense, ointment, herbal bath, gilding, vaginal suppository, half-boiled, rectal suppository, and oral.  

 The list of materia medica presented in this study can be tested in experimental and clinical studies, and If proven to be effective, can be used in infertility treatment.

 The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of combined chamomile-ginger on pain of primary dysmenorrhea and its related symptoms.

study is a randomized controlled clinical trial on 400 female students of Arak University. After obtaining informed consent, samples were randomly divided into four groups of 100: ginger with honey, chamomile with honey, ginger and chamomile with honey, and finally mefenamic acid. The drugs were taken two consecutive cycles, three times daily from 2 days before menstruation to the first 3 days. Pain intensity, associated symptoms, and bleeding were measured in the first three days of each cycle (one month before the intervention and two months after the intervention). After data collection, statistical analysis was performed using SPSS V. 19 with Kruskal-Wallis, Chi-square, Fisher, Friedman, ANOVA tests with repeated measures at the significant level of 0.05.

 In all four groups, pain severity, the number of painful days, low back pain, analgesic consumption, total symptom score, and bleeding loss were significantly decreased (P=0.001). However, there was no significant difference between groups, excluding total symptom score and bleeding loss. Ginger-chamomile combination was better than other interventions in decreasing total symptom score (P=0.02). Mefenamic acid also had a better effect on reducing bleeding loss than other interventions (P=0.008).

 The results showed that the ginger-chamomile combination acts the same as mefenamic acid in pain control, but it is better in reducing the associated symptom score than mefenamic acid.

 Acanthamoeba is a free-living and opportunistic amoeba that the potential of this parasite to convert to a cyst, making its treatment difficult. In this study, we investigated the effect of microwave radiation on Acanthamoeba cysts in vitro.

 Acanthamoeba cysts were reproduced in the culture medium. We divided 16 test tubes containing cysts into two groups. The contents of 8 tubes were irradiated with continuous microwave in the time range of 0-120 s, and the next 8 tubes were irradiated with repetitive microwave in the range of 0-360 s. The mortality of cysts at the end of irradiation was recorded and compared with control.

 Continuous and repetitive irradiation of microwave resulted in mortality of 100 (%) of Acanthamoeba cysts during 120 and 360 seconds, respectively. In continuous mode, parasite mortality in all groups was significantly different from the control group (P<0.0001). But in the repetition pattern only in groups that had been irradiated for more than 60 seconds, parasite mortality was significantly different from the control group (P<0.0001).

 The change of radiation mode from continuous to repetitive, reduces the thermal effects of the microwaves but does not affect the mortality rate of Acanthamoeba cysts. Therefore, probably the impact of microwaves was not only caused by the increase in ambient heat but also its another property is involved in the death of Acanthamoeba.

 Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is the most common chronic liver disorder. The present study aimed to examine the effect of aerobic training along with Resveratrol on the cardiac expression of Mfn1 and Mfn2 in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease male rats.

 In this experimental study, 48 Wistar male rats were classified into two groups NAFLD (n=40) and control-normal (n=8). NAFLD was induced in rats with a high-fat diet and then subdivided into five subgroups NAFLD, SHAM, TRNAF, SUPNAF, and TRSUPNAF. Training groups have performed a running program on a motor-driven treadmill for eight weeks. Resveratrol (20 mg/kg) was injected into the SUPNAF and TRSUPNAF groups. Forty-eight hours after the last training session, the rats were anatomized; hearts were removed and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -80°C for measuring the Mfn1 and Mfn2. Statistical analysis was performed using a 1-way analysis of variance Tukey post hoc tests, and significance was accepted at P≤0.05.

 The results showed that the induction of NAFLD reduced expression of Mfn1 (P=0.001) and Mfn2 (P=0.001) compared to control-normal. Also, in SUPNAF and RSUPNAF groups, Mfn1 (P=0.002 and P=0.017 respectively) and Mfn2 (P=0.000 and P=0.000 respectively) increased significantly compared to the NAFLD group.

 The combination of aerobic exercise and resveratrol may be due to changes in expression of mitochondrial fusion, modifying indexes apoptosis induced by oxidative stress in NAFLD patients.

 This study aimed to compare the response of liver tissue BAX and BCL-2 gene expression to aerobic training with L-carnitine supplementation in rats intoxicated by Boldenone.

 In this experimental study, 30 male Wistar rats, aged 12 weeks (weight 195±7.94 g) were randomly divided into five groups: Control, no-treatment, boldenone (5 mg/kg), L-carnitine (100 mg/kg) and aerobic training- L-carnitine. The moderate endurance intensity training program (50%-55% of maximal oxygen consumption) performed for 6 weeks and 5 times a week. Injection once a week in the quadriceps and hamstring was conducted in-depth. After anesthesia, an autopsy was performed, and the liver Isolated. The hepatic apoptosis gene expression in the samples was measured by Real-Time PCR. Data were analyzed by 1-way ANOVA and post hoc Scheffe at the significant level P<0.05.

 Significant difference was observed between the mean expression of BAX and BCL-2 in the liver tissue of male Wistar rats in different groups (P=0.001). The BAX gene expression of the liver tissue in L-carnitine -aerobic training and L-carnitine groups was significantly lower than the Boldenon group (P=0.001). Also, The BCL-2 gene expression in L-carnitine- aerobic exercise and L-carnitine groups was significantly higher than the Boldenon group (P=0.001).

 According to the findings of this study, supplementation of L-carnitine with regular aerobic training can have a protective effect against apoptosis induced by anabolic-androgenic steroids.

 Upon hospitalization of a premature infant immediately after giving birth, mothers would experience high levels of anxiety. One of the essential non-pharmacological interventions to control the anxiety is massage. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of massage on the anxiety of mothers with preterm infants.

 In this experimental research, 140 samples were selected based on inclusion criteria using a convenience sampling method and then put in two groups of back massage and one control group. The tools for collecting the data were demographic questionnaire and Lehrer & Woolfolk's somatic, cognitive, and behavioral anxiety inventory. The data were analyzed using descriptive (Mean±SD) and inferential statistics tests (Chi-square, independent t-test, paired t-test, Fisher, and covariance analysis) by SPSS V. 13.

 The mean scores of somatic, cognitive, and behavioral anxiety components showed significant differences before and after the intervention in the massage group (P<0.05). There was also a significant difference between the mean anxiety after the intervention (P<0.05). 

 The obtained results indicate that the back massage method is effective in reducing the components of somatic, cognitive, and behavioral anxiety. Hence, this method may be utilized to reduce the anxiety of mothers with premature infants.

 the low sleep quality and pain in girls with primary dysmenorrhea, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of self-compassion training and positive attitude to experience sleep quality and decrease of pain intensity in girls with primary dysmenorrhea.

 The research was semi-experienced that was conducted as a multi-group, pre-test, and post-test. The sample of the study was girls with primary dysmenorrhea, which were characterized among students in the first district of Rasht City (first and second high school) and were placed in three experimental and control groups. To collect the data and to screen the questionnaire for premenstrual symptoms, Peters Burg’s sleep quality questionnaire, and McGill’s intensity of pain questionnaire were applied. A one-way Analysis Of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used for analyzing data.

 Positive thinking training and self-compassion training were effective in increasing sleep quality and decreased intensity of pain in girls with primary dysmenorrhea (P<0.001). The effect of positive thinking on quality of life was more than compassion training (P<0.005), but self-compassion does not affect pain severity.

 Findings indicate the impact of training and self-compassion in preventing the neuropsychological well-being of girls with primary dysmenorrhea.

 Preoperative anxiety is associated with adverse effects such as fatigue, nausea, vomiting, agitation, increased demand for analgesics, and prolonged postoperative hospitalization. This study aimed to investigate the impact of mental imagery on anxiety in patients undergoing hernia repair surgery.

 In this randomized clinical study, after obtaining informed written consent, 56 patients for hernia surgery were randomized into two experimental and control groups. In the experimental group, guided imagery was applied. Data was collected using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The collected data was analyzed using SPSS V. 20.

 The average age of participants was 30.8±11.22 years, and 73% of them were male. The average of STAI level in guided imagery group before intervention were 41.42±6.75 and 32.22±9.87, respectively, which decreased to 33.07±4.31 and 28.14±7/86 after intervention. On the other side, the average of STAI level in the control group were 39.71±4.58 and 29.68±8.49, respectively, which increased to 44.60±6.44 and 38.42±7.21 at the end of the study. Statistically, the paired t-test showed a significant difference between the levels of anxiety before and after study in two groups (P<0.001). 

 This study cleared that performing preoperative mental imagery can reduce the STAI level in patients before surgery.