فهرست مطالب

Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery
Volume:15 Issue: 1, Winter-Spring 2020

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1398/12/02
  • تعداد عناوین: 12
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  • Abbas Raisi *, Farshid Davoodi, Soroush Afshar, Ghahremani, Shayan Taheri, Siavash Sharifi, Milad Adel Pages 1-7
    Objective- The present study describes the anesthetic effects of essential oil of Lavender (Lavandula officinalis) in Convict cichlid fish (Cichlasoma nigrofasciata) in comparison with clove powder (Syzygium aromaticum).Study Design- experimental studyAnimals- 25 Juvenile Convict cichlid fish with unknown sex and an average weight of 4.2 ± 0.5 g were used (n = 5 for each experimental group per experiment).Methods- The fish were divided into five groups, initially with five fish per group. Each group was subjected to one of four final concentrations [0.3 and 0.5 g/l] of clove powder and [1.8 and 3 cc/l] essential oil of Lavender and control group was for determination of the basal values for blood parameters. The times for sedation, pre-anesthesia, and anesthesia were recorded based on the behavioral events seen after exposing the fish to each aquarium. After induction of anesthesia, the fish were transferred to anesthetic-free aquariums, and recovery time was recorded. Blood samples were taken by dissecting peduncle just 30 minutes after fish were placed in water contain anesthetics.Results- essential oil of Lavender had efficacy to anesthetize the fish, and its sedation was similar to the clove powder at a commensurate concentration in Convict cichlid fish. However, the anesthesia form was different.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance- Lavender oil as a sedative and anesthetic agent can be used in fish
    Keywords: lavender, Clove, Convict cichlid fish, anesthesia, Hematological changes
  • Moosa Javdani *, Mohammad Hashemnia, Hilde De Rooster Pages 8-14
    Objective- The current study was conducted to evaluate changes in the urinary bladder structure and leukocyte profile as an important index of the systemic inflammation response for two different types of spinal cord injury (SCI) in a rat model. Design- Experimental Study.Animals- Forty adult healthy female Sprague-Dawley rats.Procedure- Animals were assigned into two equal model groups: the incomplete transection group (ITG) and the contusion group (CG). In both groups, SCI was created at the T9-10 level of the column. Alterations in the urinary bladder construction and changes in the leukocytes were examined in both groups post-surgically. Results- Degenerative changes and a reduction in the cellular volume in the mucous layer, hyperemia, and the presence of inflammatory cells in the submucosa were the most important findings in both SCI groups. The extent of the destructive lesions was more prominent in the CG 14 days after operation. At 28 days after surgery, pathological lesions including leukocyte infiltration in the submucosa, denudation of the urothelial mucosa, severe edema, atrophy of the muscle layer, and necrosis of muscle fibers in some areas were recorded in both groups; the extent and severity of the lesions were more evident in the CG. There was no significant difference between the white blood cells and N/L ratio at the different times in the CG and ITG groups. Conclusion and Clinical Relevance- Despite the similar leukocyte response in the IGT and CG, more severe degenerative histological alternations in the urinary bladder structure were observed in the CG. Therefore, attention should be paid to the extent of cystitis in these patients in clinical trials and interventions.
    Keywords: Contusion, Incomplete transection, SCI, urinary bladder, WBCs
  • Saba Moghadam, Amir Amniattalab * Pages 15-23
    Objective- Chitosan is of great interest in regenerative medicine because of its plentiful properties, like biocompatibility, biodegradability and non-toxicity. The objective of the present study was histopathological and biomechanical survey on effect of CoQ10 in combination with chitosan conduit on deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT) healing in rabbits. Design- Experimental Study Animals- Eighteen healthy male white New Zealand rabbits Procedures- The animals were randomized into three groups of 6 animals each. In Controlgroup the DDF tenotomy was performed and the stumps were sutured. In Chitosan group the DDF tenotomy was performed and the stumps were sutured and chitosan conduit was wrapped around the damaged area. In Chit-CoQ10 group the procedure was the same as Chitosan group as well as local administration of 100 µL CoQ10 (100 µg/rabbit) into the Chitosan conduit. The histopathological assessments including inflammation, angiogenesis and collagen fibers arrangement, and biomechanical assessments were performed after 8 weeks. Results- Histopathological observations showed that the conduit was absorbed and adhesion around the tendon was deceased in Chitosan and Chit-CoQ10 groups. The biomechanical parameters showed significant improvement in Chit-CoQ10 group (p < 0.05). There were no noticeable signs of infection and tissue reaction in the granulation tissue in Chit-CoQ10 group compared to other groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion and Clinical Relevance- Local administration of CoQ10 in combination with chitosan conduit could accelerate deep digital flexor tendon healing via decrease in adhesion around the tendon with no signs of excessive tissue reaction or infection in rabbits.
    Keywords: Tendon healing, Chitosan conduit, CoQ10
  • Abubakar Mshelia Saidu *, Samuel Fadason, Gabriel Ochube, Sani Adamu Pages 24-31
    Objective- Comparative evaluation of standing and lateral recumbent restraint positions for rumenotomy based on transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) concentrations of Kano-Brown goats (KBGs).Design- Experimental studyAnimals- Eighteen KBGs of both sexes diagnosed of rumen foreign body impaction (RFBI), were allocated to groups A, B and D. Six other KBGs free of RFBI were assigned to group C as control.Procedures- Groups A and B were restrained in lateral recumbency position while group D in a fabricated mobile small ruminant surgical chute (MSRSC) in a standing fashion. Serum samples stored at -20 ℃ until ELISA, were obtained pre-rumenotomy (Pre) and post-rumenotomy, at 0, 5, 24, 48 and 72 hours, and subsequently at weeks 1, 2, and 3. Group C had no surgery while A, B and D had rumen skin clamp fixation, stay suture rumenotomy and mobile small ruminant surgical chute rumenotomy, respectively. Results- The post-rumenotomy mean concentrations of TGF-β for groups A, B and D at 0 hour (81.97 ± 24.12, 71.26 ± 10.28 and 58.51 ± 6.44 ng/L, respectively) were higher than the mean pre-rumenotomy values (38.34 ± 3.66, 41.31 ± 4.90 and 44.91 ±4.10 ng/L, respectively) but were not significantly different (P > 0.05). As the mean TGF-β concentration in the males of the different experimental groups did not differ significantly (P > 0.05), the females of group B had significantly higher (P < 0.05) mean concentrations than those of group D and C females at 48 hours post-rumenotomy. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance- Lateral recumbency restraint position rumenotomy was associated with more severe post-surgical stress than standing restraint based on role switching of the TGF-β in this study. This suggests comparative advantage of standing recumbency restraint rumenotomy over the conventional lateral recumbency restraints position in goats.
    Keywords: Surgical stress, Caprine, Rumen, Chute, Cytokines, ELISA
  • Hamid Shamsi, Mohammad Velayati, Hakim Rahimzadeh, Negin Mozafari, Ramin Mazaheri, Khameneh * Pages 32-41
    Objective- In diabetes impaired wound healing and other tissue abnormalities are considered as major concerns. The novel therapeutic options for treatment of wound in diabetic patients are urgently needed. The aim of the present study was to assess beneficial effects of chitosan nanocurcumin biofilm on healing of full thickness excisional wounds in diabetic rats.Design- Experimental StudyAnimals- Forty male diabetic Wistar ratsProcedures- The animals were randomized into four groups of ten animals each. Induction of diabetes was achieved using 60 mg/kg streptozotocin. In group I, 0.1 mL sterile saline 0.9% solution was added to the wounds with no dressing. In group II, the wounds were dressed with chitosan thin-film membranes. In group III, the wounds were treated with curcumin nanoparticles. In group IV, animals with were dressed with chitosan nanocurcumin biofilm. Results- Planimetric, histological and quantitative morphometric studies and determination of hydroxyproline levels showed that there was significant difference between animals in group IV compared to other groups (p = 0.001). Conclusion and clinical relevance- Chitosan nanocurcumin biofilm improved healing of diabetic wound in rats
    Keywords: Chitosan nanocurcumin, Biofilm, diabetic rat, Wound
  • Mohammad, Ali Sadeghi, Shayan Kalantari, Fatemeh, Zahra Gharib, Firouz Faed, Maleki *, Alireza Yousefi Pages 42-52
    Objective- Cutaneous wound healing is an essential physiological process consisting of the collaboration of many cell strains and their products. Initiation of new management for treatment of wound infections caused by multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus is required. The aim of the present study was to assess wound healing activity of Ferula assa-foetida loaded chitosan nanoparticle biofilm in methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infected wounds in rats. Design- Experimental study Animals- Forty eight male healthy Wistar rats. Procedures- The animals were randomized into four groups of 12 animals each. In group I, the wounds were infected with MRSA and only treated with 0.1 mL the sterile saline 0.9% solution. In group II, the infected wounds were dressed with chitosan nanoparticles biofilm. In group III, animals with infected wounds were treated with 0.1 mL topical application of Ferula assa-foetida. In group IV, animals with infected wounds were dressed with Ferula assa-foetida loaded chitosan nanoparticles biofilm. Results- Microbiological examination, planimetric, biomechanical, histological and quantitative morphometric studies and determination of hydroxyproline levels showed that there was significant difference between animals in group IV compared to other groups (p = 0.001). Conclusion and Clinical Relevance- Ferula assa-foetida loaded chitosan nanoparticles biofilm could be useful for treatment of MRSA infected wounds in diabetes.
    Keywords: MRSA, Ferula assafoetida, chitosan nanoparticles biofilm, Infected wound
  • Esmaeal Tamaddonfard *, Amir Erfanparast, Sina Tamaddonfard, Nabat Nagshbandi, Somayyeh Naderi Pages 53-61
    Objective- Medicinal plants and their active constituents are frequently used components for treating hyperglycemia. In the present study, the effect of curcumin was investigated on acute hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia induced by ketamine-xylazine in rats. To explore the possible mechanism, yohimbine (an α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist) was also used. Design- An experimental study. Animals– Forty-eight healthy male Wistar rats.  Procedures– Rats were divided into eight groups with six rats in each group to receive intraperitoneal injection of normal saline, oral administration of curcumin (12.5, 50 and 200 mg/kg), intraperitoneal injection of yohimbine (0.5 and 2 mg/kg), and oral administration of curcumin (12.5 mg/kg) plus intraperitoneal injection of yohimbine (0.5 mg/kg). After these treatments, ketamine (100 mg/kg) and xylazine (10 mg/kg) were intraperitoneally administered to all groups. Blood glucose concentration was measured at 60 and 5 min before and at, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after ketamine-xylazine injection. Serum insulin concentration was measured by ELISA kit at the end of experiment. Results- Ketamin-xylazine increased blood glucose and decreased serum insulin. Curcumin lowered increased blood glucose and increased decreased serum insulin. Yohimbine prevented the hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia induced by ketamin-xylazine produced the same results as curcumin. Low doses of curcumin and yohimbine induced documented hypoglycemic and hyperinsulinemic effects. Conclusion and Clinical Relevance- Based on the results, it is concluded that curcumin improves hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia induced by ketamine- xylazine and α2-adrenergic receptor may involve in this effect.
    Keywords: ketamine-xylazine, curcumin, Hyperglycemia, insulin, Rats
  • Hamid Reza Moslemi *, Amin Nikpasand, Azin Tavakoli, Seyed Mersad Sefidgar Pages 62-69
    Objective- Due to its specific position, the canine tooth is more exposed to the injuries, fractures and pulp necrosis. In these cases, the damaged teeth are usually pulled out. The root of this tooth is very large and sometimes extends over the premolar teeth. To extract it, a large amount of alveolar bone tissue should be harvested. Moreover, the cavity remains very large, which results in forming a cavity after repairing. It can be very effective in the form of closure of the mouth and lips.Design- Experimental studyAnimals- five adult male dogs Procedures- In this research, five dogs were selected and their maxillary canine teeth in right and left (10 teeth in total) were surgically removed. Then the right dental cavity was filled with insulin PRF and the left one filled with autograft cancellous bone chips. Three weeks after the surgery, the cavity was sampled for histopathological examination. Factors such as epithelialization rate, fibroplasia, fibrotic reaction and intensity of inflammation were studied. Results- The average score obtained from histological studies implies that epithelialization in PRF group is significantly higher than the other group, and there is no significant difference in other parameters.Conclusion and Clinical Relevance- Since PRF preparation is easy, it is not painful and risky for the patient and does not require any special care after the surgery. Therefore, it is used preferably.
    Keywords: Bone Chip, Canine Tooth, Dog, PRF
  • Farzad Davari, Omid Zehtabvar *, Mohammad Molazem, Zahra Tootian, Mohammad Soltani, Mahdokht Khanamooie, Ashi Pages 70-77
    Objective- The intention of this research is studying the full topographic characteristics of the lower respiratory tract consist of lungs, bronchi, and trachea in Caspian pond tortoise, especially those features that are applicable in clinical examination, and their proximity to other organs.Design- Experimental study.Animals- Six female adult Caspian Pont turtles (Mauremys Caspica)Procedures- Siemens Somatom spirit Dual Slice CT scan machine has been used. The samples were fixed in ventral recumbency to take CT-scan images. In each sample, the CT-scan was done in both fixed limb and neck and extended form. Some morphometric parameters like the volume of the coelomic cavity, right and left lungs, and others were measured through the Syngo MMWP VE40A software.Results- Trachea passing a short distance in the midline of the neck, and deviated to the left; then, it entered to the coelomic cavity. The tracheal bifurcation site was movable and move to caudal parts with neck flexion. The entrance site of the bronchi to the lungs was fixed. With the consideration of coelomic cavity volume and various parts of that in the neck extended position, the lungs consist of 42.12% of the coelomic cavity and 22.58% in the flexed neck position.Conclusion and Clinical Relevance- According to the observations, we can say the flexion of the neck leads to some alterations in the tracheal bifurcation site and locating posteriorly to the lungs hilum. As a result, the way of the bronchus changes to inter the lungs. The branches of bronchus in these turtles also are like other reptiles, and it's not similar to a bronchial tree and it contains just limited small branches. The CT-scan is applicable for alive animals, so this is one of the best choices for anatomical studies in animals who are in danger of extinction.
    Keywords: CT Anatomy, Lungs, Bronchi, Trachea, Caspian Pond Turtle
  • Masoumeh Moradi, Ozarlou *, Sara Javanmardi, Hossein Tayefi, Milad Ashrafizadeh Pages 78-84
    Objective- The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protective impacts of Plantago. major (P. major) against the adverse effects resulted from testicular ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) on kidney and liver.Design- Experimental study.Animals- Twenty-four male rats.Procedures- The testicular I/R was induced by firstly anesthetizing rats using ketamine and xylazine and then, incising the skin of testis region. After the stimulation of testicular I/R by rotating the testis in clockwise direction, fixing for 2 hours and then, re-rotating testis. Then, P. major was administered through intraperitoneal route at the dose of 50 and 100 mg/kg for 14 days. The liver and kidney samples were used for histopathological investigation.Results- It was found that testicular I/R negatively affects the kidney and liver as it was demonstrated in histopathological samples. Degeneration of hepatocytes, necrosis, hyperemia in sinusoids and infiltration of inflammatory cells were found in liver. Similarly, the hyperemia, necrosis, and infiltration of inflammatory cells were observed in the kidney. Administration of P. major diminished significantly these harmful effects with better results at the dose of 100 mg/kg.Conclusion and Clinical Relevance- It is suggested that treatment of rats with P. major is beneficial in terms of reducing the adverse effects of testicular I/R on the kidney and liver tissues and this procedure can be applied in the clinical trials.
    Keywords: plantago major, ischemia, reperfusion, Liver, Kidney, Rat
  • Shahram Maleki *, Amir Zakian, Ali Valizadeh, Abbas Raisi Pages 85-91
    Case Description- A five-year-old Arabian stallion weighing approximately 300 kg with large infected chronic torn wound on the neck and pectoral region 5 days after IM injection of flunixin meglumine with history of anorexia, depression and lack of response to antibacterial treatment referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Lorestan University. Clinical Findings- The clinical symptoms observed during the examination were hematuria and watery diarrhea with very large skin laceration in the affected area. External examination revealed the infectious cervical and pectoral muscles and necrosed skin with purulent discharge and odorous smell. Skin and surrounding tissues were warm, edematous and swelled.Treatment and Outcomes- Surgical treatment started with physical debridement and maggot therapy using Lucilia (Phaenicia) sericata. Then medical treatment continued with intravenous fluid therapy, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) along with topical treatment. Clinical Relevance- The present case demonstrates the serious complications that can occur following non-sterile IM injections and/or as a consequence of flunixin meglumine IM administration. An aggressive pharmacological and surgical therapy is very essential in similar cases. In conclusion, successful management of the cutaneo-muscular necrosis depends upon the condition of wound and selection of proper antibacterial drugs along with early surgical intervention.
    Keywords: Cutaneo-mascular necrosis, Flunixin Meglumine, horse, Wound
  • Pravin Mishra, Md. Muket Mahmud, Vivek Yadav, Moinul Hasan * Pages 92-95
    Case Description- Umbilical hernia is occasionally seen with different levels of complexity in animals This emergency condition requires quick diagnosis and is corrected with various surgical approaches. The aim of this paper is to report the surgical correction of an eviscerated umbilical hernia with extensive adhesion in a bovine calf. Twenty days old indigenous male bovine calf was presented for surgical treatment of an umbilical hernia with extensive adhesion and evisceration.Clinical Findings- Physical examination through palpation revealed evisceration of umbilical content with extensive adhesion. Treatment and Outcome- The surgical procedure was carried out aseptically following standard procedure. The bovine calf recovered without any complication two weeks after surgery.Clinical Relevance- It can be concluded that surgical management along with administration of antibiotic, antihistaminic and anti-inflammatory drugs are effective for successful management of eviscerated umbilical hernia with extensive adhesion in the bovine calf
    Keywords: calf, umbilical hernia, Adhesion, evisceration, electrocauterizeration