فهرست مطالب

Journal of Chemical Reviews
Volume:1 Issue: 2, Winter 2019

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1397/12/10
  • تعداد عناوین: 5
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  • Zahra Hosseinzadeh, Ali Ramazani *, Nima Razzaghi Asl Pages 78-98

    Heracleum is one of the greatest genera of the Umbelliferae family that has more than 120 species. This genus is represented by 109 species in Asia. Common names for the genus or its species include hogweed and cow parsnip. This paper discusses the phytochemistry, ethnopharmacological use and pharmaceutics of Heracleum species. Many kinds of metabolites have been isolated and identified, that furanocoumarins are among the significant ones. Modern pharmacological studies demonstrated that Heracleum and its active compounds have extensive biological activity, particularly in anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, anticancer, anti-psoriatric, anti-vitiligo and antioxidant activities. In clinical test, Heracleum has successfully been utilized to treat psoriasis, vitiligo, carminative, stomachs, pain killer and anticonvulsant.

    Keywords: Heracleum, Furanocoumarins, Coumarins, Anticovulsant, anti-inflammatory
  • Ravindra V. Kupwade * Pages 99-113

    A large variety of organosulfur compounds have been shown to having diverse biological effects such as anti-oxidant effects, anti-inflammatory properties, inhibition of platelet aggregation, reduction of systolic blood pressure, and reduction of cholesterol. Among these, sulfoxides and sulfones show wide and significant applications as commodity chemical in various fields of chemistry. Therefore, synthesis of sulfoxides as well as sulfones has remained a point of attraction for synthetic organic chemists. Among array of methods used to synthesize the sulfoxides or sulfones, oxidation of sulfide is the most convenient way. This review precises chemoselective methods for the synthesis of the sulfoxides as well as sulfones focusing on oxidative protocols. This review will aid researchers to explore and utilise the mentioned protocols for different organic transformations.

    Keywords: Sulfide, oxidation, Sulfoxide, Sulfone, Oxone
  • G. S. Nirmala, L. Muruganandam * Pages 114-129

    Liquid solid circulating fluidised bed and its performance at various operating conditions have been critically reviewed and reported. Hydrodynamic includes pressure drop across the bed, phase hold up distribution, flow regime, flow structure of each phase and solid circulation rate. Detailed analysis of axial and radial solid distributions, average solid holdup, solid circulation rate, critical transitional velocity for solid at different densities and fluids at varying viscosities was reported. The effect of the increase in liquid viscosity during heat and mass transfer phenomena in LSCFB has to be studied extensively as the industrial processing fluids are highly viscous.

    Keywords: LSCFB, Hydrodynamics, solid holdup, solid circulation rate, viscosity effect
  • Happiness Ugbede Itodo * Pages 130-138

    The intensive use of herbicides and other classes of chemicals products, in agricultural practices has resulted in serious environmental impact causing increasing level of herbicide residues in natural water, soil, and foodstuffs. Controlled release nano-formulation of herbicides in which the herbicides are incorporated in a nanosized matrix or carrier before application will be an excellent alternative over the conventional methods of herbicides application usually employed to control pathogens, weeds and several pests, thereby limiting the amount of the active ingredient available for unwanted processes. This review presents a better approach using nanotechnology for controlled release formulation of herbicides in agriculture.

    Keywords: Controlled release, Herbicide, nano-formulation, Nanotechnology
  • Ahmad Nakhaei *, Abolghasem Davoodnia, Hossein Nakhaei Pages 139-153

    Over the last decade, polyoxometalates (POMs) have attracted extensive attention as homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts used for organic transformation. The most important feature of POMs is the possibility of the catalyst design at atomic/molecular levels. They could also be used as multifunctional catalysts, based on different metal atoms and heteroatoms in their structure, counter cations, and second structures. In this review, application of the Keplerate‐type giant nanoporous isopolyoxomolybdate (NH4)42[MoVI72MoV60O372‐(CH3COO)30(H2O)72], denoted {Mo132} was reviewed in the synthesis of many organic reactions as a heterogeneous solid acid catalyst, which significantly improved the synthesis condition of various organic reactions in the recent years from 2013 to 2019.

    Keywords: Polyoxometalates (POMs), nanocatalyst, Nanoporous, Organic reactions