نشریه مهندسی ترافیک
پیاپی 75 (زمستان 1397)

In this research, the intelligence sharing effect of high occupancy vehicle had been evaluated. To achieve this aim, firstly, HOV lane in base condition with uninterrupted flow and without any bottlenecks had been analyzed. The proposed model had been considered as a function of speed, volume and delay of traffic flow. The devel opment of evaluation model was considered for bottleneck conditions. In this thesis, three different scenarios for base condition and bottleneck determined which were consisted of sharing all vehicles, sharing vehicles up to three passengers and sharing vehicles with more than three passengers. In all scenarios, the portion of air pollution in unshared HOV lane with sharing strategies was compared. Regarding uncertainty the location of bottleneck, three possible location in highways had been considered. Since there was no actual bottleneck data in case study, the initial parameters of bottleneck had been simulated in AIMSUN software program. In these models, the effect of lane changing due to access to HOV lane had been calculated. The multiple regression model was used to evaluation air pollution reduction. The result of evaluation model shown that in base condi tion and where bottleneck was located on first lane and third lane, the second scenario which was about sharing vehicles up to three passengers was the best approach with orientation toward air pollution reduction. When the bottleneck was on the mid lane, the first scenario which was about sharing all vehicles was the best scenario.)

Economic regulation plans are itemized in four main categories namely liberalization, deregulation, consoli dation, and finally, privatization. Privatization is a process through which not only does the efficiency of the market prosper, but also the economic performance of governments and public sectors is put to a benchmark test. One of the main aspects of Privatization and Deregulation in transportation is that the public sector is not able to hold urban transit services efficiently, and thereby provoking a reverse response to dwellers’ demand. The aim of this paper is to conduct a review on the privatization of public transit services (bus services) as well as its methods. In this paper, after studying the history of privatization in public transit services in Tehran city, we carry out a survey of the global experience in such area. Eventually, the mechanism of privatization in 5 successful cities all around the world and its impacts are compared with those of Tehran city.

Aggressive driving which is conducted under the influence of aggressive driving potential and provocative situations, has a negative impact on the traffic safety especially in developing countries where pedestrians often cross unmarked crossings. This study aims to examine: 1) aggressive and less aggressive drivers behavior when approaching a pedestrian crossing at unmarked roadways with and without aggressive stimulus way asymp tomatic with and without the stimulus of violence and 2) the cumulative changes in driving performance under repeated provocations in the passages of Region 21 of Tehran. This study has been carried out using imaging devices and surveillance cameras of Traffic Control Center of traffic police with the participation of 50 partic ipants. Participants various aspects such as minimum driving speed, lateral distance from a pedestrian, lateral deviation, and preventive measures were evaluated. Findings suggest that aggressive drivers are exposed to more arousal feeling, not giving way to pedestrians for crossing, and driving with less distance from pedestrians only when pedestrians cross the street right margin lines. Moreover, a cumulative effect on drivers aggressive behavior were observed at pedestrian crossings when their repeated exposure to evoking stimulus. Also the implementation of environmental initiatives, law enforcement and education campaigns may be effective prac tically to reduce conflicts between pedestrians and drivers at unmarked roadways.

Flights in around the world have encountered with delays usually. Such delays have many costs for airlines, pas sengers and society. So identifying and predicting the delays is very important problem. Purpose of this research is to predict airline delays and identify the most important factors which generate delays in airline operation. A new data mining approach has been used for delay prediction. This approach can predict occurrence a delay and amount of each delay in the flight network. Proposed methodology was implemented on a real data set of a large Iranian airline with more than 50 airplanes that fly between 52 airports. Results show that the age of fleet, aircraft type and departure time have the most effect on delays. The accuracy of approach is 70% at predicting a delay event and predicting the amount of delay

Simulation is used to evaluating a real world behavior of a system to find an approach for the best application operation. In fact we can estimate the realistic behavior of a system by simulation. Nowadays, simulating is one of the most powerful ways to study and research. Delay time is a key factor that can influence drivers’ behavior, and can let travelers understand what kind of traffic situations they are going to encounter while traveling. Delay prediction for urban networks is an important issue in Advanced Traveler Information Systems since drivers can make individual decisions, choose the shortest route, avoid congestions and improve network efficiency based on the predicted delay time information. Delay time is the difference between the expected travel times, i.e., the time it would take to traverse the system under ideal conditions, and the travel time. It is calculated as the aver age of all vehicles and then converted into time per kilometer. In this study, as a case study, we used VISSIM to simulate the delay in traffic network of Noor in Iran which is a linear network with unsignalized intersections and priority rules. To do this, first of all we gathered the vehicles volumes of network to drive out the peak hour by using the shooting technique. Also geometric characteristics data of network such as link lengths, number of lanes, lane widths, Right-turns, Left-turns and U-turns positions, priority rules signs and etc collected. As a result of simulating, delays of nodes in network drove out and the critical nodes recognized.

Pedestrians comprise the most vulnerable road users. The aim of this paper is to present a comprehensive view over the mechanism related to pedestrian crashes and identify the most important events that contribute to crash occurrence. In the current study, the data related to 94123 pedestrian-involved crashes occurred in Iran during 2009 through 2012 were explored and the Fault tree technique was employed as the analysis tool. Using the crash data, the probabilities for different basic events in the fault tree were assessed. Then, the most likely events leading to pedestrian crashes were identified. Based on the results, some of the most important events that had led to pedestrian crashes were “driver inatten tion”, “backing”, "vision obscured by moving vehicles”, “right of way violation” and “driver failure to control the vehicle”. Finally, based on the most significant contributory factors identified, several precautionary mea sures were suggested to reduce the pedestrian crash risk. Results indicate that the fault tree analysis could be used as an appropriate tool for identifying the most significant contributory factors that lead to crash occurrence.

Sustainable transport,the availability is one of the development indicators in the welfare,safety of thepopulation in developed countries,therefore,the development,optimization of public transport can beconsidered a viable routes. In this article bi-level model for optimizing the location of the feeder railway sta tions,public transport is provided. First,the multimodal feeder network designing is done then for each trafficzone the stop location has been done. Measurable indicators in the second level of the model are walking timecost,implementing cost. The mathematical model presented in order to minimize the costs of passengers,operators,society. To show,compare the results is used a real example,the public transport network inMashhad. The results show that the cost of user has more sensitive to walking time to public transit headway.It is also possible to use the index mathematical model according to the statistical distribution may be skewedlatest results

Correct identification of high collision segments and prioritization of these segments to intelligent transporta tion system (ITS) location is the most essential factors in rural safety enhancement. In this regard, speed control camera, including automated speed control (ASC) and automated section speed control (ASSC), play important role in rural network safety problem. By considering desirable effect of ASSC on high collision segments, it is beneficial that implement ASSC rather than ASC. So in this paper, we present effectively important criteria in cluding safety, traffic and numeral criteria to ASSC placement. The model is implemented on Tehran-Bazargan corridor (900 KM length). As a result, it is recommended that 21 speed cameras to monitor the high collision segments on this corridor.