نشریه دانش زیستی ایران
سال سیزدهم شماره 4 (زمستان 1397)

Nowadays, the use of cell phone has increased with the modernization. It has led to the increase in the radiations in the environment which further has effect on the plants and animals including human beings. In this research, the grains of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) were placed in petridish and the mobile phone set was placed over them and it was activated by calling from another phone. The grains under the treatment for 14 days, were radiated for 10 minutes every day. After the treatment, the effects of cell phone waves on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedlings were investigated and the percentage of germination, radical scavengering capacity, and phenolics were examined in compared to control samples. It was observed that radiations emitted from cell phone show considerable increasing in the germination percentage and lipid peroxidation. Radical scavenging activity (RSA) and protein content were declined in response to cell phone radiations. Increasing of seed germination could be caused by inducing gene expression in response to cell phone radiations. It seems that although the decrease in radical scavenging activity, ROS was increased. It could be led to lipid degradation in compare to control ones. Total phenolics decreased in response to phone radiation. It seems that cell phone radiation can affect cells through the membrane degeneration and the production of reactive oxygen species.

Identification and frequency of Anura order in south eastern cities of eastern rivers of Tehran province have been studied during 9 months of autumn 1392 and spring and summer 1393. For this reason, 10 stations have been selected in the Rivers of Jajrood, Lar and Hablehrood. After sampling by landing net, they transferred to laboratory to do identification and biometry. The results showed two subspecies, Pelophylax ridibunda ridibunda and Pseudepidalea viridis viridis and one species Rana camerani, subsist in these areas. In these stations, the dominant species in this area was Rana )Pelophylax) ridibunda ridibunda (P<0.05). Population density belonged to Rana )Pelophylax) ridibunda ridibunda, Rana camerani and Bufo (Pseudepidalea) viridis viridis, respectively (P<0.05). Subspecies Rana )Pelophylax) ridibunda ridibunda found with 83 specimens in all Rivers and stations. 50 specimens were found from Rana camerani. Samples were present in all rivers but were not collected from Khojir and Pakdasht stations at Jajrood. It was also found that Bufo (Pseudepidalea) viridis viridis subspecies was caught with only 3 specimens at Pakdasht station from Jajrood River and was not found at other rivers and stations. Distribution of these species was higher in summer than in other seasons (P<0.05). Results showed that environmental and habitat factors also influenced species distribution (P<0.05).

Staphylococcus aureus is currently one of the main causes of nosocomial. The present study aimed to evaluate erythromycin resistant genes in Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from clinical samples obtained from hospitals. In this study, 100 patients with positive S. aureus in clinical samples were collected from hospitals in Ahvaz. Resistance to antibiotics erythromycin, tetracycline, penicillin and clindamycin using antibiogram disks on all samples of blood, urine, sputum and trachea was tested. The presence of four genes involved in antibiotic resistance, namely ermA, ermB, ermC and msrA were determined by PCR in genome and plasmid. Also 21 samples with positive ermC gene were sequenced for evaluation of genetic variation. Molecular analysis showed that 64 samples were resistant to erythromycin while 87.5%, 93.8%, 92.2% and 70.3% of samples were positive in ermA, ermB, ermC and msrA respectively and 25 samples were susceptible to erythromycin including % 88 ermA, 92 % ermB, 100% ermC and 48% msrA with P value of: 0.23, 0.66, 0.31 and 0.83 showed no significant differences between susceptible and resistance to erythromycin samples. The presence of erm genes in erythromycin susceptible samples may be due to mutations in promoters or coding regions of genes which may inhibit their functions. Also the results of sequencing of ermC gene proved presence of this gene on plasmids.

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is one of the most common cancers. Its incidence has been increased during recent years and leads to high mortality if it is diagnosed late. Currently, most laboratory and diagnostic methods are difficult, cost- and time- consuming and this is the major obstacle to early detection of cancer. Cytokeratin 18 (CK18) is one of the cytoskeletal proteins which expression pattern change has been observed in various cancers. The present study investigates the altered expression of this gene at mRNA level in people who with recently diagnosed CML. In order to achieve this goal, blood samples were collected from 50 CML patients and 50 healthy individuals. Then, RNA extraction was performed and relative expression of CK-18 gene was measured by Real-time PCR. Data were analyzed by 2-ΔΔCT. Biomarker potential was evaluated by ROC curve. Results showed a 1.92-fold increase in the expression of CK-18 gene in leukemia samples compared to normal ones (p<0.05). No significant relationship was found between gender and changes in gene expression in case group. The results of this study elaborate that evaluation of CK-18 mRNA could be useful to detect CML along with other factors.

In order to study the inheritance of some agronomic traits in rice, six parents named as Shahsavand, Ahlemi Tarom, Gharib, Neda, IR28 and Sepidrood were crossed to each other in a complete diallel design, respectively. Then, generations P1, P2, F1, and F1 were planted in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications at the research farm in Gonbad-e-Kavous. Characteristics of flag leaf length and width, plant height, panicle number, the number of filled grain, Length of panicle exertion, panicle length and grain weight were determined. The results showed that the parents had a significant difference in all of the studied traits. The crossings evaluated showed a significant difference for all traits. Except for a few cases, all genetic parameters were significant at 1% probability level for all traits. Changes in b1 and c for grain number and b, b1, b2, b3 and d for leaf length, b1 and b3 for plant height, c and d were not significant for the number of panicles. Average heterozygosity (b1) for grain number, leaf length, and plant height was not significant. For most of the studied traits, Ahlemi Tarom was the best parent. In most of the cases, there was a positive and significant positive specific combining ability that one or both parents of the cross of the desired trait had high general combinig ability.

Overweight and obesity are the most common metabolic disease in the world and cause or exacerbate many of the diseases that are associated with reduced quality of life. Exercise training increases skeletal muscle capillary density, but the molecular mechanisms of this process are not yet clear. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of eight weeks circuit resistance training on serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Factors Atherogenic of fat in obese men.

In this quasi-experimental study, 22 obese men were randomly divided into two groups of exercise and control. Training program was consists of three sessions per week for eight weeks with intensity between 60 to 80 percent of 1RM. Venous blood samples the pre-test and post-test for measured of VEGF and Factors Atherogenic was used. Data were analyzed by ANOVA test using SPSS software version 23.

The results showed that VEGF levels increased from 1628.75 to 1762.93, which Evaluation of intergroup changes was significantly higher in the exercise group compared to the control group (p <0.001). The results showed that Factors Atherogenic which Evaluation of intergroup changes was significantly decrees in the exercise group compared to the control group (p <0.001).

circuit resistance training can increase levels of SIRT1 and PGC-1α, and reduce weight and fat percentage.