Journal of World Journal of Peri and Neonatology
Volume:2 Issue: 1, Winter- Spring 2019

Therapeutic abortion is defined as intentional termination of pregnancy inorder to save the mother’s life and health or when the fetus has an abnormality incompatible with normal life. The aim of this study was to evaluate causes of issuance of therapeutic abortion in women referred to the Yazd province Legal Medicine Organization to terminate the pregnancy.

In this cross sectional study, all the applications for therapeutic abortions from March 2014 to March 2016 approved by the legal medicine organization of Yazd province were included and recorded. The data was analyzed by SPSS software.

From 333 permissions for abortion during three years, 299 cases (89.8%) were issued for the reason of fetal indications and 34 cases (10.2%) for maternalindications. The most prevalent fetal abnormalities indicated for abortion were central nervous system disorders (especially Anencephaly and Spina Bifida); Hydrops Fetalis and Down syndrome, respectively and the most frequent maternal disorders were cardiovascular diseases.

The current study shows that therapeutic abortions due to fetal abnormalities are increasing. It seems that educating health professionals and people and increasing their awareness about preventing fetal abnormalities and also contraception in women with maternal diseases indicated for abortion could be an effective way to reduce the rate of abortion.

The TGF-α TaqI C >T polymorphism is a well-characterized variant for nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NS CL/P), but it has shown inconsistent results of association with nonsyndromic CL/P across a number of studies. Thus, we have performed this case-control study to clarify the association between the TGF-αTaqI C >T polymorphism and NS CL/P risk.

One-hundred ten cases with NSCL/P and 110 controls were recruited to the current study. We have genotyped the TGF-α TaqI C >T polymorphism using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were applied for strength of association TGF-α TaqI C >T polymorphism with NSCL/P.

The TGF-α TaqI C >T polymorphism CC, CT and TT genotypes frequencies in the NSCL/P cases were 30.9%, 57.3% and 11.8%, respectively while the corresponding frequencies in the controls were 37.3%, 52.7% and 10.0%, respectively. The frequency of C and T alleles in the case were 59.5% and 40.5%, respectively while the corresponding allelic frequencies in the controls were 63.6% and 36.4%. There was no significant difference in the genotype and allele frequency for TGF-αTaqI C >T polymorphism between cases and controls. The minor allele frequency (MAF) of TGF-αTaqI C >T polymorphism among healthy controls was 0.36.

Our study indicates that theTGF-αTaqI C>T polymorphism was not significantly associated with increased risk of NS CL/P in the Iranian population. However, our results still need to be confirmed by further large and well-designed case-control studies

Intrauterine growth restriction is a multifaceted problem and is associated with a significant increase in the level of morbidity and perinatal mortality.According to some studies, failure of the placenta is responsible for the most cases of intrauterine growth restriction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the placentalpathologic changes in the intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) samples and compare them with normal cases.

A study population consisted of 60 intrauterine growth restriction neonates and 60 normalized neonates born at Tehran Imam Khomeini Hospital between June 2016 and July 2017. The placentawas weighed, immediately after delivery, and the umbilical cord was separated, then stored in 10% formalin and sent for pathological examination as soon as possible. Data collection was performed according to the following items: the pathologist's report,the results of the infants' examination, and the data in the neonatal cases.

The intrauterine growth restriction group showed a high frequency of placenta infarction (P < 0.001), inflammation of the villous (P < 0.001), villous fibrosis (P = 0.044), villous vascularization disorder (P = 0.001), prevalence of chorioamnionitis (P = 0.027), prevalence of Syncytiotrophoblastic knots (P < 0.001) and placental necrosis (P = 0.048) than normal group. However, the mean weight of the placenta (P < 0.001),the length and width of the macroscopic placenta changes was less (P < 0.001).

The results of the current study showed that a major part of the macroscopic and histological changes are detectable in the intrauterine growth restriction samples,which are considerably more common than normal, although they are not pathognomonic, but in the future, more accurate results can be obtained from more extensive studies.

Human resources, especially nurses, have a significant role in health care services due to the nature of their service and their direct relationships with patients. In this regard, nurses are encounteredwith higher stressful factors resulting from their responsibilities in providing ease and comfort for patients. Resiliency is one of the main purposes of health promotion and is considered to be a protective agent. Moreover, psychological well-being refers to striving for perfection in order to realize the potential and real individual talents and abilities. This study aims to determine the relationship between resiliency and psychological well-being of nurses in ICU & NICU of Shiraz in 2017.

Thisis a descriptive-correlational research. The statistical society consists of 150 nurses working in ICU & NICU of university hospitals in Shiraz. The tools of data collection were psychological well-being and resiliency questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed via SPSS software and descriptive-inferential statistics.

According to the Table, 86% of the subjects are females, and 14% are males; 53.4% of them are single, and 44.6% of them are married; 84% of them have bachelor degree, and 16% of them have master degree. Average age and work experience of the subjects are 31.38 and 4.79 years, respectively. Average resiliency and psychological well-being scores of the nurses are estimated to be 66.03 ± 16.72 and 119.55 ± 24.35, respectively. Their significant relationship was approved by Pearson test P = 0.002).

The results indicated that resiliency and psychological well-being of the nurses have significant relationship; with an increase in resiliency, their psychological and mental health increases. Therefore, some programs and interventions are recommended for nurses in order to improve their resiliency, and consequently, promote their psychological well-being.

The ultimate goal of nursing is to ensure the recovery and health of patients through providing high quality care. However, novice nurses who are working in clinical settings need help and are not aware of the system's expectations. In this study, we investigated the effect of a nursing residency program on the clinical competence of novice nurses working in the intensive care units of Yazd governmental hospitals from the viewpoint of head nurses.

In this interventional study, the clinical competence of 31 novice nurses was studied. The participants were randomly assigned into two groups of experimental and control. The nursing residency program consisted of 20 hours of training, support, and counseling in eight months for the experimental group. Data gathering tool in this study was a clinical competence questionnaire for novice nurses. The head nurses filled out the questionnaires before, immediately after, and three months after the training course. Data were then analyzed by SPSS (version 22) and running independent t-test, and repeated analysis of variance.

According to the viewpoint of the head nurses, The clinical competence scores of novice nurses working in the ICUs & NICU,were (150.15 ± 23.1), (174.35 ± 2.75), and (168.3 ± 32.45) for the experimental group and (134.75 ± 24.75), (116.05 ± 29.7), and (146.3 ± 22) for the control group before, immediately after, and three months after the intervention, respectively. The difference between mean scores of two groups was not significant before the intervention and three months later, although of the mean scores of two groups differed significantly before the intervention and immediately after the intervention. With respect to clinical competence scores, the different between two groups was significant in three stages.

The results on the efficacy of nursing residency program in improving the clinical competence of novice nurses working in the ICUs & NICU were positive from the viewpoint of heads nurses. Accordingly, we propose execution of programs related to all issues over which nurses need to upgrade their clinical competencies and for the novice nurses of other parts of the hospital.

Despite rapid advances in neonatal care in both industrializedand developing countries, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) still remains the main reason of infants' blindness and visual impairment.There is some evidence that Beta-adrenergic system may be involved in infants' ROP. Considering that few studies have been done on effects of oral propranolol on prevention retinopathy pre maturity in premature infants, we designed this clinical trial to investigate the effects of oral propranolol on infants.

This study is a clinical trial in which 27 premature infants with gestational age greater than 27 weeks and afflicted with retinopathy pre maturity grade 1 and 2 hospitalized at Shahid Sadoughi hospital of Yazd city.They were randomized to receive 0.5 mg/kg/12hours oral propranolol or control. Premature infants were controlled and hospitalized at NICU and their BP, heart rate and Hyperemesis gravidarum (H.G) were monitored.

Twenty-four newborns were included, 12 in the control group and 12 in the propranolol group and 3 of infants were excluded from the study (2 of propranolol group and 1 of control group) 81.34 percent of treatment group were recovered and healed compared to 66.7 percent of control group which not significantly difference.

Some studies about Beta Blockers' recessive effect on ROP have been done which in most recovery was the result but some serious side effects were also reported. In this study there was no positive effect on recovery of ROP but the percent of recovery was slightly higher in propranolol group compared to control group.Fortunately there were no reports of side effects this time due to usage of lower dose propranolol.Recent studies state that propranolol cannot be used as a good alternative to other treatments but it can prevent the disease from getting worse. We can also reduce its side effects by changing the dosage.

Syndrome or association VACTERL is a group of several birth defects of congenital anomalies in an individual. There must be at least 3 anomalies simultaneously for this syndrome to be referred, including spinal anomalies, anorectal anomalies, cardiac disorders, esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula, renal anomaly and limb anomalies. The organs involvement in VACTERL may present different severity and quality, from asymptomatic to life-threatening cases. Various studies have reported the other congenital associations such as cerebrovascular and pulmonary anomalies in addition to the above-mentioned called as the non-VACTERL association.The patient in this study had all 6 VCTERL syndrome criteria. The feature of this patient was the involvement ofhis limb and kidney anomaly, which were different on both sides. However, in previously reported cases, these two anomalies were both in one direction and on the same side. Finally, the VACTERL syndrome and Non-VACTERL Association in this patient represented in the form of esophageal atresia with trachea esophageal fistula and atrial septal defect, and the presence of a kidney with severe hydronephrosis and sacral agenesis and imperforated anus, recto vesical fistula and limb anomalies in the form of one-phalanx fingers on the left.