Iranian Journal of Management Studies
Volume:13 Issue: 3, Summer 2020

This study focuses on examining the counterproductive behaviors of academics, who have a lesser likelihood to show revanchist acts on account of the characteristics of their professional group, defining the purposes, means, and reasons of revenge, and determining the results of revanchist behaviors. To this end, we conducted a qualitative study on the academics who were working at Turkish state universities. In the end, the reasons, purposes, and means of revenge have been defined, and the results of revanchist behaviors have been determined through processing and analyzing interpretively collected data.  Accordingly, there are numerous rationales for revenge among academics as they define it personally and closely related to their personal character on one hand, and on the other hand, they tend to use various tools during revenge process, mostly a combination of semi-legal and legal ones since there are some obstacles (i.e. administrative sanction mechanisms) to use illegal tools. In addition, they aim to re-balance the situation and look for justice after any harmful action or activity stemmed from other parties. As a different result, revenge is defined as a tool for protecting self and self-interest(s).

In this paper we present the structure of “customer disvalue” phenomenon as the complementary concept for customer value. Authors, who are proponents of humanized marketing, rely on the lived-experience of customers as the primary source of data in order to grasp a first-hand understanding of the phenomenon that has been profoundly shadowed by objectivism of economics. The research is based on a descriptive phenomenological method as introduced by Paul Colaizzi. The findings of the study illustrate the distinct essence of customer disvalue experience that differentiates it from interconnected notions like cost, loss, and dissatisfaction. The authors discuss the origins of  customer disvalue as a key issue, how it is generally overlooked in value models, and how its integration into marketing value theory offers it a greater depth and brings about a better understanding of customer behaviors.

The liquidity crisis in 2008 sparked interest in the role of regulation that could promote resilience and stability in the banking system. While the Public Interest theory suggests that legal policies could discipline banking activities, the Private Interest theory predicts otherwise, which impairs banking performance. The conflicting theories warrant comprehensive research, especially for Islamic banks, as they emerge to gain their systemic importance. Given this, this study examines the role of banking regulation on liquidity risk management of banks in OIC countries from 2000 to 2014. The findings suggest that restrictions on banking activities and capital requirement pose a significant impact on liquidity risk. However, the marginal effect of regulatory capital is more pronounced in conventional banks compared to Islamic banks.

Occupational calling is a transcendent summons that originates externally to carry out a particular life role (work) in a manner that demonstrates meaningfulness and holds other-oriented values and goals as the main sources of motivation. The aim of the current study is to advance the study of individual differences in achieving occupational calling at workplace. Every individual varies in the extent of his psychological capital, proactivity, and curiosity; hence we aim to investigate the role of these variables as the predictors of occupational calling. In addition to the antecedents and mechanisms, we also explore a possible behavioral manifestation of calling at workplace in terms of employees’ flourishing. Results are obtained from a heterogeneous sample using a time-lagged study design comprising of two waves. Significant linear relationships between study variables are established. Moderated mediation takes place between psychological capital and occupational calling through proactive personality and curiosity.

This paper aims to identify the indicators of the theory of planned behavior which are common among successful entrepreneurs as role models in order to help the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises. This study uses an applied research method, integrated data, and descriptive data analysis. Initially, in accordance with the purposive approach of typical case sampling, semi-structured interviews were conducted with the CEOs of nine successful private firms in order to identify the attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control of successful entrepreneurs. In the second step, given the applied nature and descriptive-correlative data analysis method of the research, the collected data were analyzed and several concepts were extracted. Next, a standardized questionnaire based on Ajzen's was constructed and distributed among members of the Electrical Industry Syndicate and Electrical Panel Makers Association of Iran. Fifty questionnaires were filled out and returned by the respondents. The data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling in the software Smart PLS and the model's final components were obtained. The findings indicate that identifying competitive advantages, a multi-skilled and cohesive board of directors, quality products, prioritizing customer satisfaction, and proper training are the key components contributing to the success and growth of organizations.

Workplace deviance is indeed an issue for any organization. Many researchers have endeavored to explore different predictors to control this problem. However, managerial coaching can be seen as a leading managerial practice to address this issue within the organizations. Using the LMX theory, a model was developed to explore the direct relationship between managerial coaching and workplace deviance and their indirect relationship through thriving at work.  A survey was conducted on a sample of 300 pharmaceutical sales employees selected through simple random sampling. The structural equation modeling (SEM) technique was used to conduct data analysis and model fitness. The results reveal that managerial coaching has a significant impact on reducing supervisor-directed deviance which can be explained through the intervening role of thriving at work. According to the data, managers or supervisors who act like mentors are less likely to be targets of deviance by their subordinates, most probably because the subordinates who are guided and mentored focus more on performing well, rather than on being vengeful. This study provides an empirical and practical contribution to combating and reducing workplace deviance through coaching and thriving at work. The theoretical implications, future directions, and limitations are also discussed.

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have recently received a great deal of attention from the academic communities. However, these courses face low completion rates and there are very limited research pertaining to this problem. Therefore, this study uses Triandis theory to better understand variables that are indicative of MOOC completion. Furthermore, this study scrutinizes the quantitative relationship between MOOC usage and learning effectiveness. Two hundred and thirty-four users from selected Coursera participated in this study to evaluate the proposed model. The partial least squares (PLS) were used to analyze the collected data and test the research hypotheses. The results indicated that perceived consequences (including knowledge growth, social interaction, and compatibility) and affect have a significant impact on intention to use MOOC. In contrast, social factors delineated the insignificant effects on intention to use MOOC. The findings indicated that facilitative conditions and intentions to use MOOC have a strong and positive impact on the actual use of MOOC. Hypotheses regarding the influence of perceived consequences and the actual usage of MOOC on learning effectiveness were upheld.

The concept of consumer confusion has gained a considerable attention in consumer behavior literature during recent years. However,it is considered as a relatively new concept in marketing, particularly in businesses that provide intangible products such as tourism. This study aimed to investigate factors that potentially influence consumer confusion proneness in purchasing outbound package tours. It also ranked the influential factors based on their importance or perceived influence strength from the experts’ point of view through a two-phase methodology constituting of Thematic-Analysis and Fuzzy Delphi Method. As a qualitative method, the first phase was done based on data collected from 23 in-depth qualitative interviews with the consumers of outbound tours. This phase resulted in a list of drivers potentially functioning as the antecedents of consumer confusion in the target society. The second phase was based on group consensus acquired from a panel of qualified experts providing their opinions on a specific issue. In this phase, 15 experts of consumer behavior, tourism, and psychology were interviewed to provide professional opinions and responses to tourism-oriented questions. The group consensus was obtained after the third round of running the questionnaires among experts. According to the consensus, 23 factors had potential influence on consumer confusion in buying an outbound package tour.