Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences
Volume:1 Issue: 2, Spring 2014

This study aimed at examining body image and eating attitude with regard to reasons of exercising among non-athlete women attending sport centers.

The present study has an ex-post facto design. 315 female sports center users were selected by multi-phase random clustering and completed the following rating scales: Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26), Body Image Concern Inventory (BICI) and a set of questions regarding their reasons to exercise.

Pierson correlation showed a significant positive correlation between body image concept and eating attitudes (r = 0.36, p < 0.001). Independent T-test showed that there were significant differences between reasons of exercising and eating attitude (p < 0.006), and also reasons of exercising and body image concept (p < 0.029).

Women with higher scores of eating attitude or body image favored exercise more due to shape reasons than health reasons.

Excessive physical exercise overproduces reactive oxygen species. Even if elite sportsmen increase their antioxidant status by regular physical training, this improvement is not sufficient to limit free radical production during the competition period which can be detrimental to the body. This study evaluates the effect of grape seed supplementation along with aerobic exercise on lipid profile in elderly women.

In a double-blind study, 40 obese women (BMI≥30) upper 60 years old were randomly selected and divided into two groups of experimental (10 individuals) and control (10 individuals). The experimental group received 2 GE supplementation (100mg·d1) for 4 weeks. Exercise program included aerobic exercise activities at 45 to 60 percent of maximum heart rate for 4 weeks and three 60-minute sessions per week. Blood samples were collected after 12 hours fasting before the study and 48 hours after the last session of the study. One-way ANOVA followed by LSD test was used for the statistical analysis.

The results of the present study shows that there is a significant difference among amount of cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-C before and after the study, but these amounts were not significant in the control group.

According to the present study results, 4 weeks aerobic exercise can prevent atherosclerosis and improve people’s health and it can control and reduce atherosclerosis in obese individuals.

There are a growing number of cell phone devices and they are one of the most popular sources for electromagnetic waves. However, there are many concerns regarding their biological effects on the body, especially the central nervous system. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of cell phone radiation on histology of the cerebellar granular cells in the neonatal rat.

We selected some Wistar rats. Then, we randomly divided their newborns into four groups. One of the groups was control and the other three were experimental groups. Groups I, II, and III were exposed to radiation from cell phone (with a distance of 10 cm from the rats) for a duration of 30 minutes, 2 hoursand 8 hours, respectively. After killing of the rats and preparing histological sections, we counted the granular cells of the cerebellum using Motic software. We measured the thickness of granular layers with Nickon software. Then, after data collection, statistical analysis was conducted using Tukey and Anova tests.

Results showed that cell population in internal granular region significantly decreased in group III. Also, results indicated a reduction in the external granular layer thickness in group III. Furthermore, cerebellar weight to body weight ratio in group III was significantly reduced as compared with the other groups.

Results of this study showed that cell phone electromagnetic radiation can reduce the number of internal granular cells of the cerebellum and the external granular layer thickness is reduced.

Nowadays, despite socio-economic development of communities and controlling majority of communicable diseases, tuberculosis is still one of the main causes of mortality and disability in developing countries. With respect to importance and high incidence of tuberculosis in marginal provinces, the present study aimed to assess the epidemiology of Tuberculosis in Khuzestan province during 2005-2012.

This is a retrospective descriptive-analytical study. Documents of 6363 patients were assessed using the census sampling method. Demographic variables and other necessary data were recorded by TB-Register software and then these data were analyzed through SPSS-16 software. Chi-square and Independent T tests with a significance level of less than 5% were used for the statistical analysis. Poisson test was used to compare TB incidence in consecutive years.

The mean age of participants was 39.3 ± 18 years old. The women’s mean age was 2.1 years older than men and there was a significant relationship between age of males and females (P = 0.0001). Cumulative incidence was 148.84/100,000 in the province. More than three quarters (75.7%) were diagnosed as pulmonary tuberculosis, HIV infected (2.7%) and 91.2% were new cases in total. Lymph nodes were the most prevalent in Non-pulmonary TB. Poisson test showed that changing trends of TB incidence was statistically significant in study years (p<0.05).

Increasing HIV infection occurrence and TB in southwest of Iran is of the great concerns for public health. Screening, training and preventive activities for controlling of disease is highly recommended for the whole country and in margin provinces in particular.

Studies have shown that insufficient recovery between sessions causes immune suppression. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of repeated bouts resistance and endurance exercise on blood leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes count and plasma cortisol levels in athlete girls.

9 athlete girls (ages, 20-25 years), participated in the study voluntarily. They performed two experimental protocols in two phases on two separate days. At first, subjects performed two bouts of resistance exercise (8 exercises with 65% 1RM) at 09:00 and 15:00. After one week rest, subjects performed two bouts of endurance exercise (60 min cycling on 65% HR Reserve) at the same time. Blood samples were taken before and after each bout and 1 hour after the second bout of exercise. Statistical analysis was performed using Kolmogroph-Smirnoff, independent t-test and ANOVA with repeated measure.

Repeated bouts endurance exercise significantly increased blood leukocytes, neutrophils, monocytes count and plasma cortisol levels, but repeated bouts resistance exercise only increased blood lymphocytes count significantly (P < 0.05). Comparison of the two exercise types indicated that there was a significant difference in blood monocytes count (P < 0.05).

The results showed no significant difference between repeated bouts of resistance and endurance exercise in a day on immunological variables and cortisol hormone.

Rabies is one of the most important infectious diseases and animal bites are increasing in Iran. Due to the significance of the subject, the current study was designed and conducted with the aim of determining Animal bite status and its contributors in Aq-Qala district, Golestan province, Iran.

This is a data-based study with descriptive approach carried out in Aq-Qala from Feb/March 2010 to Feb/March 2011. 1025 cases of animal bites registered in rabies treatment center of Aq-Qala city were selected using census method. Data were collected using a reliable and valid Checklist. Data were entered into SPSS18 software and analyzed through descriptive statistics.

74.7% of studied cases were male. Their mean age was 25.7±17.8 years. Most bites occurred among adolescents and students (21.6%). Most bites occurred on foot and mainly in rural areas (81.5%). 40 %of bites occurred from 12 a.m. to 6 p.m. Most cases of animal bite were by dogs (94.4%). The injuries were superficial in 90.1% of cases. The animal bites occurred in 78.2% of cases on clothes. Most bites occurred in spring, in June. The incidence rate of animal bites was 854 cases per 100000 people.

Due to the high prevalence of animal bites in males, adolescent, students, rural areas and in spring, we recommended appropriate intervention, especially educational intervention in men, adolescent, students, rural area and in spring to decrease the prevalence of animal bites.

To reduce occupational accidents and work-related diseases as well as improving satisfaction of working conditions, Assessment to identify risks and control measures are necessary. The aim of this study, applying ergonomic assessment indices to assessed the job groups and ability of textile workers.

This study was conducted on 194 men employed in the QaemBaft textile company. Relative Stress Index (RSI) was used to assess the textile job groups. Also; Work Ability Index (WAI) was used to assess the personnel’s ability.

Results of RSI for 15 job groups showed that all jobs were in the Safe zone. Also results of WAI showed that only ―Open ―job was to have good level of ability and other job groups were to have intermediate level of ability.

According to the results, Relative Stress Index (RSI) is a tool for macroergonomics assessment of job risks. Also, in six categories of tasks of RSI, levels of fitness is determined. But WAI, Ability to work is determined that is a wider earning than the fitness.

Jaundice is one of the hospitalization causes in term and preterm infants. Considering to the side effects of jaundice, the present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors associated with jaundice in neonates hospitalized in government hospitals in Ilam.

In a case - control study, 384 neonates were enrolled. All neonates hospitalized in Mustafa Khomeini and Imam Khomeini hospital were enrolled in the study. Neonates’ deaths due other causes were excluded from the study. Data collected through a questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was determined using content validity and its reliability was determined 84% using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. In this study, neonates were divided into two groups, the jaundice and other causes neonates. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. P< 0.05 was considered significant.

In this study, 44.8% of all neonates have jaundice. Fisher's exact test showed a statistically significant difference of mother's blood group between the two groups .Gender, neonatal age, birth weight, gestational age, type of delivery, type of anesthesia, cephalhematoma and TSH levels was statistically differences between groups. But the caput succedaneum and G6PD levels were not significantly different between groups.

The identification of risk factors before and during childbirth and its complications are important in the prevention of neonatal jaundice. Prevent preterm births; hypothyroidism and PROM the risk factors can be controlled by the health service providers.