فصلنامه مطالعات توسعه اجتماعی ایران
سال دوازدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 45، زمستان 1398)

Every society in its development process is inevitably faced with a range of different social damages and problems. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of economic development on social inequality in Tehran metropolis. This study can reveal the efficiency of economic development and identify its strengths and weaknesses. Then the theories of classical experts and new theorists in the field of economic development and social inequality were studied and from these studies, indicators were selected to examine the effect of economic development on social inequality in Tehran metropolis. This research has been done through documentary and statistical method during the period of 2006-2011. Pearson and Spearman correlation tests were used to test the hypotheses. Research findings show that there is no significant relationship between economic development and social inequality in Tehran metropolitan area, although with increasing level of development some degree of social inequality was observed. This suggests that Tehran's metropolis is in early stage of economic development.

This research titled "Sociological Explanation of the Role of Civil Institutions in Establishing Local Democracy in Tehran in 1395 "And by survey method using a questionnaire tool. Nowadays, due to the wide and complexity of urban issues as well as the acquisition of various experiences in terms of realization of urban projects and programs, attracting popular contributions in order to achieve the desired goals of local communities, On the one hand, experience has shown that the realization of participation in its true sense requires institutionalization and sustainability of participation, which is symmetrical with the formation of the spectrum of associations and institutions of society, in other words, the expansion and Deepening of public participation requires organizing, institutionalizing and creating appropriate structural conditions. There was a meaningful relationship between civil society and civil society, but there was no significant relationship between civic institutions and management participation, participation in decision making, and consulting participation. In the regression test, the adjusted coefficient of adjustment was more than 50% predicted by local democracy with Independent variable of civil institutions.

The emergence of cyberspace and the expansion of the use of social networks among young people and students have influenced their lifestyle and spending time. Accordingly, this paper aims at evaluating the amount of use, pattern of consumption and factors affecting the use of virtual social networks among students. Combined research approach, Quantitative and qualitative research method were used, and data gathering tools include questionnaires and interviews. The statistical population is the students of Tehran University, and the sample size is 350 people. The sampling method is systematic categorical and probabilistic. Qualitative findings about the motivation to use social networks of students showed that the motivations include: entertainment and spending the time, coping with solitude, greeting friends and acquaintances, following news, and downloading articles and books which are respectively the most important motivations of students to use virtual social networks. Over 80% of students use Telegram and Instagram. This situation, according to the theoretical framework of the research, is due to their high socialization and high level of security of these networks to protect users' information. The results of regression analysis and analysis of variables showed that among the variables introduced in the regression equations, 5 variables (age, income, cultural capital, employment status and sociability), directly affect and two other variables (academic grade and social capital) indirectly affect the use of virtual social networks. In general, the independent variables of this study explained 31% of the variation of the function, i.e., the amount of use of virtual social networks.

The present study seeks to provide a model for covering the elements of social development news on the tastes of public opinion. In this way, using a combination method, the qualitative method and the semi-structured questionnaire technique were used to identify the components of covering the social development news and the questionnaire, and to test the hypotheses by the data collected by the questionnaire, the quantitative method and scrolling Used. The statistical population of this research includes all reporters working in newspapers, news agencies and active sites in Tehran, which are active in 1396, and their number is 1945 out of 108 news outlets, with questionnaires with Using unsatisfactory stratified sampling method, 330 people from the statistical population were distributed. The results indicate that the variability of the coverage of social development news and the dimensions of honesty and transparency in the news, the comprehensibility of the news, the compatibility of the content and news topics with the audience's needs and addressing the audience's news needs are related to the tastes of public opinion, and only in relation Political impartiality is not associated with the tastes of public opinion

The current study investigates the degree of involvement of Tehran in social participation using the concepts related to fuzzy sets. The level of involvement of Tehran citizens in social trust and social solidarity as well as causal requirements for social participation is evaluated through consistency and coverage index.

The research is an applied, descriptive, and cross-sectional one. Documentary data has been collected in the field. The statistical population include15 years or older residents in 22 districts of Tehran and the sample size is 920 subjects selected through random sampling and analyzed by questionnaire. Finding and

The results showed that all the studied cases (22 districts of Tehran Municipality) has confirmed that social trust and solidarity is the causal requirement for social participation of citizens in Tehran. Social trust and social solidarity cover 0.6247% and 0.4734% of social participation in Tehran, respectively; this shows that social trust is a more important variable in Tehran involvement in social participation.

Iran, a country with diverse cultural, historical, natural, ethnic and artistic tourism potentials can undoubtedly be one of development styles. But despite the good-natured words of the administrations in this regard, the industry has not yet developed its real status as a growth factor. In this study, which aims at a comparative study of the indicators of tourism industry in the tenth and eleventh administrations, by analyzing the qualitative content of interviews with ten experts in the field of tourism at the levels of management, implementation and training, we have drawn the conclusion that the control and supervisory framework of tourism, commercial environment and tourism infrastructure, human, cultural and natural resources provide the thriving tourism industry. The analysis of the interviews reveals that the lack of a comprehensive strategic document in the country and the consecutive changes in the managers of the tourism industry and the lack of prioritization of this industry in all administrations indicate that the changes in the industry are not so significant that provide remarkable differences. Therefore, the indicators of the tourism industry in the tenth and eleventh administrations are not significantly different. It is recommended that the comprehensive strategic document of the industry be formulated and adopted by assistance of experts in this field to be considered apart from any political approach in the structure of governments. With this trend, identified indicators in this study will be realized. 

The most important area of political participation of women in Iran after the Islamic Revolution was the legislature; the fifth session of the Islamic Consultative Assembly witnessed the presence of the largest number of women as members of the parliament. During this period, the women's representative succeeded in ratifying important laws to improve the status of women in Iranian society. The main question in this article is: what factors led women women's parliaments to success in the fifth legislature? This research is based on a detailed descriptive-analytical approach to parliamentary talks, parliamentary libraries and publications. In this research, while presenting the history of women's participation, by examining parliamentary resolutions on women, explaining the performance of women's representatives, research findings indicate that increasing the level of women's political participation in society, increasing the number of delegates, and increasing the education of women's deputies to courses Previously, the coming of the government in line with the approach to focusing on women's rights, socio-cultural changes in society, and the media's impact on raising women's awareness, as well as the "identity" factor in the process of ratifying the laws on women's demands, the existing discourses of political-social domains And the constitution of factors t The contributors are considered to be laws. Key words: parliament, women representative, fifth parliament, approvals, participation

Social sciences play an important role in the development. But it must be localized. To be able to adopt the structure and characteristic of the community. Positivists emphasize the lack of need for localization of social science. But a critical approach believes that the specific values of any society, the process of knowledge production affects. Based on the theoretical concept of Cohen and metro, social science norm production could be localized adapt the ideas to real conditions of society, the most important feature is standard sciences. In this paper, using the methodology swot, weaknesses and strengths and opportunities and threats related to the identification & localization of social sciences has been determined. The findings show that capacity utilization in the history of Iranian scientists is an opportunity to develop scientific discourse. Non – application of the social sciences as well as the failure of the project will be to production of indigenous social science.

The impact of happiness on the process of development of society has made this issue one of the most important topics in different sciences in recent decades. Identifying the factors that affect happiness helps policymakers to develop better policies to lead society toward a happier life. The aim of this study is to investigate the economic and social factors affecting the happiness of Tehran residents aged 18-65 years with a sample of 382 people using multi-stage cluster sampling. For this purpose, two separate models have been estimated using regression analysis. Since the results of the first model show that unemployment and education have a negative and significant effect on happiness, in the second regression model the hypothesis of negative impact of unemployment of graduates has been tested by considering the interactive effect of these two variables. The results confirm the hypothesis that the negative impact of the unemployment on happiness increases with increasing education level. Other results indicated that household income, social coherence, social trust and social participation have a positive and significant relationship with happiness.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the socio-cultural factors associated with the youth lifestyle of Isfahan. Theoretical framework and analytical model were presented using theorizing theories such as Bourdieu and Kakerham. This research was carried out through a survey method. The validity of the questionnaire was used to validate the face validity, and reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient for all variables higher than 0.70. The statistical population of this study was all young people aged 15-29 years old in Isfahan, which according to the census of 1395 were 227628 people (the site of the statistical center), using 600 Cochran formula, using multistage cluster sampling Selected as an example. For analyzing the data using descriptive and inferential statistics, using spss software, after providing the matrix table, information was arranged in the form of one-dimensional and two-dimensional tables. The findings of this study showed that there was a significant relationship between independent variables: social capital (r = 0.237), economic capital (r = 0.17), cultural capital (r = 0.373), virtual social networks (r = 108 = ), Life satisfaction (r = 0.392), social skills (r = 0.399), cultural, artistic and sports services (r = 0.046), leisure services and tourism services (0.197) = r), there is a significant relationship with dependent variable of life style of health.