نشریه روان شناسی فرهنگی زن
پیاپی 34 (زمستان 1396)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of social networks of female entrepreneurs on job motivation with the mediating role of entrepreneurial alertness. The statistical population of the study includes all the 148 female entrepreneur business owners at the Thirteenth Women Entrepreneurship Development Conference. 106 of the introduced women were selected as sample by using simple random sampling. The current research in the terms of purpose was an applied research and it was a descriptive-survey regarding the data collection. The essential data has been collected by questionnaire administering. The data analysis was conducted via the structural equation modeling (SEM). The results of the research indicated that the social networks of female entrepreneurs had a positive significant effect on entrepreneurial alertness and their job motivation. It was also concluded that social networks of female entrepreneurs had indirect effects on job motivation through the mediating variable of entrepreneurial alertness. Regarding the relationship of entrepreneurship women's social networks to their job motivation, women could improve their business performance and motivation through extended and effective communication in the social networks.

The aim of this study was comparing the rate of marital satisfaction and perceived social support in consanguine and non- consanguine marriage mothers of exceptional and normal children. The present study was an ex-post facto type. The study population consisted of all the boys between 6 and 16 years of exceptional and ordinary children mothers in Tehran. The study participants were 251 couples (126 with consanguine and 125 with non- consanguine marriage women) that were selected through purposive sampling method. The study instruments included: Afrooz (2010) Marital Satisfaction Scale (short form), Zimet (1998) Perceived Social Support Scale. Results showed that there was a significant difference between women with and women without consanguineous marriage with respect to place of birth, age of marriage, spouse selection styles, marital satisfaction and perceived social support (p≤0.05). According to the results of this study, it seemed that women with consanguine marriages had a higher individual and social similarities than non- consanguine marriage women.

This qualitative study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting adjustment during post-divorce period. Statistical population of this study included those women who spent more than 3 years after divorce. Among them, purposive sampling was processed till the saturated conditions (15 adjusted women and 15 unadjusted women). The research implemented a semi-structured interview for gathering necessary information. After analyzing the content of interviews and final coding, two main indicators were extracted: internal and external factors affecting the adjustment with post-divorce conditions, and internal and external factors affecting incompatibility with post-divorce conditions. Result showed that internal factors included relying on self-ability, being aware of self-worth, hardiness and resilience, positive thinking, solving unfavorable past and focusing on favorable present and future making, doing favorite activities, believe in being and supporting a superior existence, mental wealth, efforts to improve the financial condition and having the life skills. External factors included presence and consent of the presence of child, wise use of available support resources and wise use of organizational support resources.

Present research aim was to study feminism points of view of Fariba Vafi and Sahar Khalife and also to study the woman portrait in these two writers’ works. Focusing on women affairs and showing the reality of their faces in literature was generalized in all periods but by appearance of feminism monopolization in 20th century; paying attention to this affair achieved more importance and more writers allocated their writings to women affairs. Fariba Vafi the Iranian writer and Sahar Khalife, the Palestinian writer were those literary that mentioned women emotions and their problems in their novels and have reflexed their political, cultural and social thinking. The study reviewed the woman features in "My Bird" written by Fariba Vafi and "I'm Not Your Slave Anymore" written by Sahar Khalife via analytic-descriptive method and emphasizing on American- English feminism critic. Finding of this study showed that this two literary had optimistic look on women and unpleasant look on men. Findings represented that the women of two writings were not only humble but also abnormal women that insisted traditions confrontation of patriarchal society and demanded their natural rights.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relations of adherence to Islamic beliefs and affective family climate with identity crisis among the female students of Ahvaz Islamic Azad University. The sample of research included 200 subjects who were selected based on stratified random sampling. For the measurement of the variables, Adherence to Islamic Beliefs (Navidi, 1998), Affective Family Climate (Hill Burn, 1964), Identity Crisis (Ahmadi, 1998) were used. The research was correlational and data analysis by simple correlation coefficient revealed that there were significant relations between adherence to Islamic beliefs and affective family climate with identity crisis of all the subject students. The results also revealed that among the predictive variables, adherence to Islamic beliefs and affective family climate were significant predictors of the criterion variables that was identity crisis.

The main purpose of the present research was to investigate «Simone de Beauvior’s» (1949) point of view on «maternal love». This study investigated the various ideologies on «maternal instinct» with regard to the important and principal role of women within the society during their lifetimes, which considered the childbirth and motherhood. «Simone de Beauvior» (1949) considered motherhood as a form of female slavery and asked them to avoid marriage and childbirth to end the patriarchal culture. This was whilst many philosophers considered motherhood a privilege, which coud not be achieved by men. The method used in this research was a descriptive-analytical, with the implementation of library tools. The findings based on the analysis of evidence and data indicated that despite a lack of enthusiasm shown by modern western women for married life and motherhood, there were many amongst them who tried to conjoin motherhood with progress and freedom. They believed that by creating a balance between the societies’ working condition and that of the pregnant women and mothers, they could be helped to attain scientific, educational, economical and political progress.

The present paper aimed to determine the effectiveness of process management strategies excitement on the cognitive emotion regulation of adolescent girls with oppositional defiant disorder. Three subjects were selected bypurposeful sampling method among all 14-to-18-year-old adolescents with oppositional defiant disorder from schools in the city of Najaf Abad in academic year of 2015-2016. This study was implemented within the framework of a single subject experimental design using multi-tiered base lines design. In this research method, the intervention began after baseline position, in 8 single-subject intervention sessions, the training of process management strategies of excitement, based on Gross model, was presented to the subjects and the subjects were followed up after one month in three consecutive months. The used tools in this research were Garnefski’s (2001) Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, in which the subjects were assessed 11 times (4 times for baseline, 4 times for intervention and 3 times for follow-up). Data analysis was done through process change indexes, slope, and size of the effect, the Cohen's index and the ups-and-downs interpretation. The findings of this study showed that the desired intervention significantly reduced the subjects' scores on cognitive emotion regulation strategies and increased the adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies so that scores during the eight-session educational intervention had significant changes as compared with baseline. Review of the size of influence coefficient and the effectiveness charts also indicated that there were remarkable and significant effectiveness of intervention intensity for all three subjects in all studied variables. That is, the process management strategies of the excitement on the cognitive emotion regulation of adolescent girls with oppositional defiant disorder are effective.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of emotions-oriented therapy on subjective well-being and socio-personal adjustment of divorced women member of Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation of Paveh. From the statistical population, 30 people were selected by convince sampling method and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. Emotion-focused therapy was performed for 9 sessions of 45 minutes each on the experimental group and control subjects were placed on the waiting list. The research tools were California Social Adjustment (1953) and Life Satisfaction Scale (1985). Multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) was used to analyze the data. The results showed that emotional therapy was effective on mental well-being and individual socio-personal adjustment. The exerted procedure led to increased satisfaction with life, individual adaptability and social adjustment in the experimental group.