نشریه روان شناسی فرهنگی زن
پیاپی 26 (زمستان 1394)

The present research was intended to study the psychological violence against women based on structural and cultural theories, including the theory of sources and subculture of violence. The ultimate goal was to understand the role of these theories in psychological violence against women. The research was a field study. Survey questionnaires and interviews were implemented to collect data.  The statistical population consisted of all Shirazi married women with one year prolonged marriage. 400 women were randomly selected through multi-stage cluster sampling. The obtained results showed that religiosity, economic income, education and socio-economic status were negatively and significantly correlated with psychological violence and observing the relatives intervention was positively and significantly associated to the psychological violence.

The Research was intended to examine the relationship of body image, quality of life and perceived stress with eating disorder in male and female students among the girl and boy students of fourth grade high school in Behbahan.200 students were selected randomly as test sample (100 boys and 100 girls). The research was a correlation type. Body Image Inventory (BICI), Quality of Life Questionnaire (WhOQOL) Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Ahwaz Eating Disorder Inventory (AEDI) were implemented as data source. To analyze the data Pearson correlation coefficient and multi variables regression analysis were applied as main statistical procedure. The results indicated that there was positive significant correlation between body image and eating disorder concerning anorexia and hyperorexia. The results also showed that there was negative significant relationship between quality of life and eating disorder. The perceived stress was associated positively and significantly with eating disorder as well. The regression analysis also demonstrated that body image and quality of life significantly well predicated the eating disorder in the students.

The main purpose of this study was to study the relationship between religious beliefs, identity styles and personality traits with depression among female students of Islamic Azad University of Isfahan (Khorasgan). The research method was correlation, and research statistical population included all students of the mentioned population, among them 370 person were selected via multi-stage random cluster sampling and participated in this study. A set of questionnaires included Muslims Religious Beliefs (Serajzadeh, 1377), Identity Style (Berzonsky, 1989), Big Five Factors Personality Traits (NEO-FFI) by Costa and McCrae (1985) and Beck Depression Questionnaire (BDI-II), were used in current study. Data were analyzed by use of Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariable regression analysis . The results showed that there were significant negative relationship between   depression and total religious beliefs and its dimensions( faith, religious emotions, consequence and ritual (P≤0/01)). There were also significant negative relationship between depression and informational identity, normative identity and significant positive relationship with disoriented - avoidance identity (P≤0/01). Moreover, Depression had a significant positive relationship with neuroticism and had significant negative relationship with extroversion, agreeableness, openness to experience and conscientiousness (P≤0/01) as well. Furthermore, results of multivariable regression analysis showed that extraversion, commitment, agreeableness, avoidance, informational and neuroticism were able to predict 91% of depression variance.

Parvin E'tesami who was known as "a feminine who versified alike a male" among wo/men literary; a poet whose works mostly composed on morality. Since Parvin's poems were full of words and expressions that reflected the femininity aspects associated with woman poem style could not be considered as masculine poems. In other hand lack of words such as amour, sweetheart, kiss…that could exhibit a young female behavior demonstrated the behavioral and emotional differences between her and other women poets. It was so obvious that Parvin possessed strong feminine emotions but she had avoided to show her feelings because of abiding by traditional formalities. However it can be concluded that her verse did not show sexuality. And what her poems showed was an alone woman that suppressed and hided her feelings.

The aim of this study was to determine the source separation of waste and the participation of women in Shiraz city. To collect data a questionnaire of 23 questions randomly distributed among 380 inhabitant women in the 6 and 7, Shiraz regions. Descriptive statistical was implemented to analyze the collected data. The results showed that the rate of women's participation in 6 area (uptown urban residence) was significantly more than the 7 area (downtown urban residence). Income, education level, age, education and giving information on source separation plan, impacted the rate of women's participation in the separation and collection of waste. The awareness promotion of the source separation through education was considered as the most effective way to increase the women participation in source separation plan.

The main propose of current research  was studying the effectiveness of mindfulness based stress reduction training on mental health and perceived stress in mothers of ADHD children in Ahwaz. This study was semi-experimental with pretest-post test and control group. The sample included 32 mothers having a child with ADHD and were divided to experimental and control group randomly. Each group members fulfilled Mental Health Questionnaire (Goldberg & Hiller, 1992) and Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen, 1983) before intervention. Then, the experimental group participated in 8 mindfulness based stress reduction sessions during 2 months. After terminating intervention, both groups had the post test. Based on results from ANCOVA (P> 0/001), two groups were significantly different; mentioning that mindfulness based stress reduction training resulted the increasing of mental health and decreasing the perceived stress in mothers with ADHD children.

In general, there were about twenty women who played significant role in the Shahnameh, most of whom lived in the epic era. Among these women Tahmineh and Gordafarid could be mentioned since both were effective in the story of Rostam and Sohrab. This study was purposed to analyze these two characters, from the perspective of the Karen Horney and Sigmund Freud psychological approach. The findings of this research suggested that Tahmineh based on Horney's approach through extreme effort tried to overcome the need for safety and the basic anxiety by possessing Rastam as strong life partner. After Rostam death she retried to satisfy such needs by replacing  Sohrab instead of Rostam. But with the death of Sohrab not only did  not escape from her situation, but due to her failure to pass the stages of grief ultimately would faced early death. Gordafarid also seemed to be, according to Freud, her Electra complex caused incomplete formation of the superego, as a result of the use of simulation defense mechanism and women revenge against men trying to protest and overcome against male supremacy and to prove woman superioty. More importantly, she by fleeing the  male chauvinist look against women tried to escape from their femininity, even though the price was the negation of the basic feminine features. However, at the end of a return to his true character (using the female characteristics) was more successful in battle.

Dysmenorrhea or painful periods is one of the problems of women in childbearing age which has negative effects on their individual and social health. It is one of the most important reasons for going to doctor and generally affects the quality of life in childbearing age. The goal of this research was to study the effectiveness of EMG biofeedback in curing primary Dysmenorrhea. This research was a quasi-experimental design. Statistical population of this study was all of the patients who had experienced the primary Dysmenorrhea and had been visited in Hakim and Qamar Bani Hashem hospitals in Neyshabour in spring 1394. The sampling method was convenience one. The samples were selected by Verbal Multi Dimension Scale (VMDS). The patients in 6 sessions and in the first three days of the period time were cured by EMG biofeedback and were trained progressive relaxation. In this study, the data were collected by Biofeedback device output and West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory (WHYMPI) implementation. Data was analyzed by ANCOVA method. The results showed reducing of pain in patients with primary Dysmenorrhea (p-value <0/05).