نشریه عمران و پروژه
پیاپی 10 (اسفند 1398)

normally , the risk allocation process is carried out by the owner in the bidding documents ; it causes him to assign responsibility to the contractor without considering the fair conditions of the present factors in the contract . on the other hand , due to lack of knowledge of project characteristics and organizational capabilities , it is generally suggested that an inappropriate contract structure is proposed by the owner of the project . this mismatch , or lack of awareness of the range of responsibility , will certainly lead to a decrease in the likelihood of achieving the project performance goals . therefore , investigating appropriate risk allocation methods such as participation for project success is essential . therefore , it is suggested to adopt a fair , participatory and win - win attitude towards the regulation of contract provisions . the results show a clear relationship between the form of contract and also the agreement in risk management in projects . so those problems that support initial participation of actors and create opportunities for free and non - liberal talk will lead to a more efficient risk management process

Abstract The increasing momentum of the development process has led to the selection of a suitable contractor as an important factor in the success of projects. Due to the considerable quantity of construction budget in countries that are developing, particular attention should be paid to subcontractor selection to avoid wasting capital, time and reducing quality of work. Subcontractor selection is one of the Basic decisions of managers and decision makers. There is not currently the method of efficient and modern management approach to contractor selection and no attention is paid to scientific methods and techniques. Identifying and evaluating a set of contractor selection criteria will eliminate inefficient contractors from the bidding process. Criteria need to be collected and processed to increase the performance of selected contractors and preparing the needs of the community and the organization's standards. Obviously, there are many qualitative and quantitative indicators to determine the qualifications of contractors, including the ability to do the job, the economic value, the quality, etc. that are important to employers. The purpose of this study is to minimize the losses caused by inappropriate selection of subcontractor and to present a suitable method for selecting subcontractor. In the neural network approach, models for efficient and effective prediction of subcontractor are selected based on the criteria. The most important advantage of radial neural networks over back propagation (BP) conventional networks is the accuracy and speed of approximation in the output of network.

Sustainable development is proposed in all areas, including economic, socio-political, and environmental debates. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim to present the causal model of the environment sustainable development based on knowledge management and green productivity. Considering research objective, this is an applied study, and regarding data collection method, it is a descriptive correlational one. The statistical population of the current research consisted of all employees of metro organization of Isfahan province (n=459). Research sample was selected using group (stratified random) sampling method and sample size was calculated to be 209 based on Cochran formula. In order to collect the given data and measure research variables, an standard questionnaire was used. The validity and reliability of the measurement tool were confirmed by content validity and Cronbach's alpha coefficient, respectively. Lisrel 8.5 software was used to analyze data. Results of path analysis showed that the dimensions of knowledge management have significant effect on the environment sustainable development and green productivity, and green productivity has no significant effect on the environment sustainable development.