مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قم
سال چهاردهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 96، فروردین 1399)

Despite the implementation of effective preventive and therapeutic programs, the expected success in reducing and controlling tuberculosis (TB) cases, has not yet been achieved. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate adherence to anti-TB drug regimen and its related factors in patients with TB in Qom province.

This descriptive cross-sectional study, was conducted on TB patients in Qom province in 2019. According to the census method, 153 patients were entered to the study. Data were collected using 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. Data were analyzed by nonparametric chi square and Spearman correlation coefficient tests using SPSS software. The significance level of the tests, was considered less than 0.05.

The mean and standard deviation of the score of adherence to the treatment of the patients under study, was 9.64±1.97. The results showed that 86.3% of the patients had a high adherence to the drug orders. There is a significant relationship between adherence to anti-TB drug regimen, type of disease, group therapy, HIV/AIDS, addiction, underlying disease, gender, and occupation (p<0.05). Other variables, such as clinical form of TB, nationality, residence area, and level of literacy had no effect on adherence to drug orders (p<0.05).

In this study, adherence to anti-TB drug regimen is high. The results of the causes of drug adherence, showed that direct monitoring of the treatment should be strengthened and communication with the patients should be improved.

Increasing complexity and changes in environmental conditions, policies, attitudes, systems, and structures, are factors influencing the goals of strategic planning, which can change programs. Programs without strategic thinking are not able to cope with such changes, thus they fail. Understanding of the factors affecting strategic planning, is crucial for the goals to be achieved. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the barriers to the implementation of the strategic plan from the viewpoints of hospitals managers in Qom province.

The current study was performed as a cross-sectional study in the hospitals of Qom province in 2019. Samples included 50 senior executive and operational managers, quality improvement officers, and administrative-financial managers of hospitals. Barriers to the strategic plan implementation, were collected by a pre-designed questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using independent t- and ANOVA tests.

The present study showed that structural barriers (1.82), human-motivation barriers (1.81), and process barriers (1.8), were the most important barriers to the implementation of the strategic plan. Senior and executive managers, financial managers cited the structural barriers, quality improvement officers mentioned the process barriers and managers of administrative units cited human-motivation factors as the most important barriers to the implementation of the strategic plan.

The results of the present research explained the points of view of Qom hospital managers in terms of the barriers to the implementation of strategic plan. It seems that when designing and implementing a strategic plan, the participation of human resource that is the most important elements, should be considered in complex organizations, such as hospitals.

One of the effective factors in improving the health of individuals and communities is having proper nutrition and improving the level of nutrition literacy, which includes the skills of acquiring, processing, and understanding nutrition information with the purpose of making appropriate decisions in this field. Considering the existence of the capacity of religious missionaries and the importance of awareness of the clerics in creating a proper culture in the field of health and to confront with the misuse of people incomplete medical and religious information, in this study, the nutrition literacy of seminary students of Qom city, was evaluated for the first time.

This cross-sectional study was carried out with the participation of 176 seminary students over 18 years of age studying in the Seminary of Qom in 2019. The EINLA Adult Nutrition Literacy Questionnaire was used in this study. The height and weight of the participants, were also measured and their BMI was calculated.

The mean score of the nutrition literacy of the students, was 28.1 ± 3.1. The mean score was 29.2 ± 2.3 in women and 27.3 ± 4.1 in men. Most of the participants (87.5%), had adequate nutrition literacy and others (12.5%) had insufficient nutrition literacy. The highest score was related to the recognition of food groups and the lowest score was for the knowledge and skill of measuring food. There was a statistically significant difference between men and women in terms of nutrition literacy level (p = 0.001), indicating that women had better nutrition literacy compared men. No significant relationship was found between age, weight, and BMI with the participants' nutrition literacy status.

The level of nutrition literacy in most of the participants was assessed as sufficient. There was no significant relationship between nutrition literacy status with weight and BMI.

 In the present age, knowledge has become a strategic resource for organizations and societies, and the need for developing and mastering the ways of creating, sharing, and its application, is vital. In the meantime, successful organizations are the ones that recognize the importance of what they know and try to gain knowledge on what they do not know. The purpose of this study was to predict knowledge sharing based on personality traits, organizational silence, and organizational affiliation in medical staff in Qom province.

This study was performed as a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population consisted of all medical staff of Qom city, 350 of whom, were selected by convenience sampling method. In this study, the data were collected using knowledge sharing questionnaires, personality factors, organizational silence, and organizational belonging. Data were analyzed using stepwise multiple regression analysis.

The results of data analysis using multiple regression analysis showed that personality factors, including extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscience directly predicted and neuroticism inversely predicted knowledge sharing. Moreover, supervisor attitude towards silence inversely predicted and organizational belonging directly predicted knowledge sharing in medical staff in Qom city.

Considering the prominent role of personality factors, organizational silence and organizational belonging are of great importance in predicting knowledge sharing in the medical staff, maximizing the degree of adaptation between individual personality traits, including dimensions of conscientiousness and personality compatibility with the desired job and determining their job characteristics for productivity of the organization, and creating an environment, where knowledge and information exchange are important, as well as increasing job independence in performing job duties, will be critical to the internalization development and the institutionalization of fascination and loyalty among the employees.

Salmonellosis is one of the most important diseases among humans and poultry worldwide. Contaminated eggs are important sources of salmonellosis outbreak in humans. The aim of this research was to investigate the rate of contamination of eggs with Salmonella spp. and to evaluate their drug resistance pattern in Ardabil city.

A total of 110 egg samples (37 native eggs, 41 bulk eggs, and 32 labeled industrial eggs), were collected randomly from retail stores in different parts of Ardabil city during the second half of the year 2019. Shell and contents of the eggs, were evaluated for Salmonella contamination using standard culture methods, and Salmonella serotyping and PCR assay were used for definite diagnosis of salmonella isolates. standard disk diffusion method was used to determine antimicrobial resistance of the isolates against 15 antimicrobial agents.

Out of 110 egg samples examined, 4 eggs (3.63%), were infected with Salmonella. Shell contamination of native eggs, bulk eggs, and industrial eggs with Salmonella were 5.40%, 2.43%, and 0%, respectively. Salmonella contamination in the contents of the native eggs was 2.94%, while no contamination was observed in the contents of bulk eggs and industrial eggs. S. typhimurium was detected by serotyping and PCR technique on positive samples. Among the 15 antibiotics studied, the highest resistance was observed to streptomycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and nalidixic acid with 100% and the lowest resistance was to ceftazidime and florfenicol with 40% and nitrofurantoin with 20%.

The findings of this study were indicative of the presence of Salmonella contamination in native eggs and bulk eggs compared to the industrial eggs, thus it is of great importance to observe the hygienic points, including proper and adequate cooking of eggs. Also, excessive use of antibiotics in poultry farms should be avoided to prevent the spread of resistant bacteria.

Diabetes mellitus has adverse effects on reproductive system. Antidiabetic drugs are likely to develop impairment of fertility. In this regard, the present study was conducted to investigate the adverse effects of antidiabetic drug liraglutide on in vitro fertilization.

A total of 48 adult female mice, were divided into 6 groups of 8 each, as follows: control group that did not receive the drug; non-diabetic group received liraglutide at a dose of 1.2 mg/kg BW; the non-diabetic group that was given liraglutide at a dose of 1.8 mg/kg BW; diabetic group that did not received liraglutide; diabetic group that received liraglutide at a dose of 1.2 mg/kg BW; and diabetic group that received that was given liraglutide at the dose of 1.8 mg/kg BW. Liraglutide was daily injected through subcutaneous route. After 35 days of treatment, the fertility potentials of the retrieved oocytes, was evaluated. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test.

In the diabetic group, a significant decrease (p < 0.05), were observed in the number of oocytes, percentages of fertilization, percentages of two-cell, four-cell, morula, blastocysts, and hatched embryos compared to the control group. In both diabetic groups receiving the drug, there was a decrease in the aforementioned parameters, but compared to the untreated diabetic group, there was an increase in these parameters.

The results revealed that administration of liraglutide in diabetic mice improved fertility and increased the percentage of fertility and Embryos.

Having an infant in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is very stressful and affects mother-infant bonding. Previous studies have indicated the effect of mindfulness on improving health outcomes. In this regard, the present research was performed with the objective of investigating the effect of mindfulness-based developmental care on maternal stress and bonding with premature infants hospitalized in NICU.

In an interventional study, maternal stress and mother - infant bonding, were compared among mothers of three groups of mindfulness-based developmental care (group 1 = 34), developmental care (group 2 = 39), and control (group 3 = 50), who were selected based on purposeful random sampling. Data were collected using NICU Parenting Stress Questionnaire (PSS: NICU) and Brockington Bonding Questionnaire and Mindfulness Questionnaire.

Bonding scores in group 1 were lower as compared to those in group 2 and control group, and this difference was statistically significant indicating better maternal - neonatal bonding in group 1. Maternal stress scores at discharge time showed a significant difference between the three groups. So that the stress scores in group one, were less than the other two groups; However, this difference was only statistically significant between group 1 and control.

Integrating mindfulness with developmental care reduces maternal stress in the NICU and better bonding is achieved between mother and infant, leading to improved quality of care in NICU and better health outcomes in the hospitalized infants.

Students’ interest and academic motivation is one of the most important challenges of the universities, which is highly effective in the outputs of the education systems. Different factors affect this motivation and future job is one of them. In this regard, the purpose of the current study was to determine the relationship between the academic motivation and students’ attitude towards future job in the students of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences in 2018.

This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 291 students, who were selected using stratified random sampling and entered into the study. Data were collected using valid and reliable attitude toward Future Job questionnaire as well as Harters’ Academic Motivation standard questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22.

Our study indicated that mean score of the attitude toward the future job score in 59.1 percent of the students was moderate and lower and the mean score of the academic motivation in 43 percent of them was moderate and higher. Moreover, according to the regression analysis results, attitude towards future job (29%) and academic grade (13%), were predictors of the students’ academic motivation.

Considering significant relationship between the academic motivation and student’s attitude towards future job and unfavorable level of academic motivation, necessary measures should be taken to reduce concerns about future Job in the students and consequently to increase their academic motivation.