نشریه دانشور پزشکی
پیاپی 146 (اردیبهشت 1399)

The stem cells are obtained from different sources and due to the role of them in the treatment and recovery of damaged tissues, characterizing and identifying of the sources of stem cells and investigating them is particularly interesting for researchers. Thus, the purpose of this study was to identify ideal tissue sources and capture stem cells with appropriate differentiation and proliferation potential.

The adipose tissue sample were harvested from the tail adipose tissue, subcutaneous and infrapatellar in the slaughterhouse from male sheep about 2 years old and were rinsed to small pieces in the laboratory and were treated by the collagenase enzyme and the cells were counted by Neubauer chamber with inverted microscope and then about 105 cells were cultured in T25 flask and was calculated the doubling time by deleted the Peterson formula Td=Tlg2/lg(Nt/N0). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (P< 0/02).

Our findings showed that the stem cells of the three areas in the early passages are similar to each other in regarding proliferation and morphological potentials, but in higher passages as compared to the subcutaneous and tail fat, the cells of the infrapatellar region received confluence 80% in shorter time than the others.

The results of this study showed that infrapatellar adipose tissue stem cells maintain their proliferation potential and differentiation for long time as compared to adipose tissue of other areas. So infrapatellar fat pad can be an ideal source for obtaining stem cells.

Studies have shown that physical activity levels and motor competency are associated with psychological variables such as anxiety. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between commitments to physical activity, perceived motor competence and generalized anxiety disorder in adolescents.

The method of this study was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population consisted of all female students of guidance school in Markazi province. The statistical sample consisted of 150 female students of guidance schools in Arak who were selected by the convenience sampling method. Participants completed the adolescent motor competence questionnaire, commitment to physical activity scale, and generalized anxiety disorder questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression.

Pearson correlation results showed that there was a direct and significant relationship between commitment to physical activity and perceived motor competence (P <0.05). However, there was a significant negative correlation between these variables and generalized anxiety disorder in adolescents (P <0.05). Also, the results of the multivariate regression showed that based on the variables of commitment to physical activity and perceived motor competency, anxiety disorder in adolescents can be significantly predicted.

Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that an increase in commitment to physical activity and motor competence is associated with a decrease in generalized anxiety disorder in adolescents. Therefore, encouraging and planning for performing and maintaining physical activity and increasing motor competency is necessary to prevent generalized anxiety disorder.

High blood pressure increases various cardiovascular events about 2 to 3 times in a person. The purpose of this study was to recognize the effect of Pilates and thermomechanical massage on vital sign, inflammatory markers and quality of life and mental health in women with hypertension.

: In this quasi-experimental study, 45 women with hypertension referred to internal clinics of Arak city were selected and randomly divided into three groups of Pilates, thermomechanical massage and control. Pilates and massage group performed 8 weeks (3 sessions per week and 40-45 minutes each session), but the control group did not exercise regularly during this period. Serum C-reactive protein levels, heart rate and blood pressure were measured, and quality of life and mental health questionnaires were completed. Data were analyzed using paired t-test and one-way ANOVA at a significant level of 0.05.

Results showed a significant decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.02) and inflammatory factor (p = 0.02) in both groups. There was also a significant difference between the Pilates and the thermo-mechanical massage and control groups. But there were no significant effects on heart rate (p=0.34). There was a significant improvement in quality of life and mental health in the experimental group compared to the control group.

Eight weeks of Pilates had a greater effect on blood pressure and inflammatory markers, but the effect of improving quality of life and mental health with thermomechanical massage was greater than Pilates.

Patients with cancer are one of the most vulnerable groups to the overwhelming burden of the disease and its high prevalence in today's society. Research has shown that psychological treatments can be effective in improving the disease and the length of treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of acceptance-based therapy and commitment on marital satisfaction of married women with leukemia who were hospitalized in Seyed al-Shohada Hospital in Esfahan, Iran, 2017-2018.

This research was a quasi-experimental study using a pre-test and post-test design with control group. Samples were selected and assigned to a 12-person trial and control group and completed a Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire (Enrich, Olson 1998, short form). The control received no intervention. Multivariate and univariate analysis of variance were analyzed using SPSS-20 software.

The results showed that the Enrich test scores in the experimental group in the post-test phase were significantly reduced (p <0.05). There was some control over the participants, which indicated the effectiveness of the treatment

According to the findings of this study, acceptance and commitment therapy is effective treatment of marital risk in women with leukemia. Therefore, interventions based on this approach can be useful for women with leukemia.

Alpha-amylase is a hydrolytic enzyme in starch degradation and has many applications in biotechnology and various industries but, like other enzymes, sensitivity and low stability limit its use. Enzyme immobilization is the best way to increase their stability.

In this study, for the first time, the immobilization of alpha-amylase was done in nanocapsules synthesized by chitosan and dextran sulfate polymers. Another nanocapsule was made after functionalization of chitosan with carboxyl group. The immobilization efficiency and pH-sensitivity of nanocapsules synthesized with different ratio of dextran sulfate and of the nanocapsules were also investigated.

The immobilization efficiency of conventional nanocapsules and functionalized chitosan nanocapsules were 70% and 80%, respectively. The encapsulation efficiency in carboxylated chitosan was always higher than that of conventional chitosan, and this trend were seen for all different ratios of dextran sulfate. Also this nanocapsule exhibited good pH-sensitive behavior. The rate of swelling and release of the enzyme were decreased at pH 1.2, 5 and 7.4 in functionalized nanocapsules, and therefore nanocapsule with higher immobilization efficiency and sustained release was obtained. Also, this nanocapsule was also successful in protecting the enzyme from environmental conditions.

The surface properties of chitosan improved by carboxylating and the more stable nanoparticles were produced compared with conventional chitosan. Therefore, this nanocapsule can be used for oral delivery of many drugs, especially protein molecules.

One of the major issues in food hygiene and safety is the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Pathogens as well as biofilm formation can play a role in increasing bacterial resistance. In this study, biofilm formation in Salmonella isolates from chicken, drug resistance and drug resistance pattern were investigated.

In this study, 75 samples of chicken infected with Salmonella bacteria were studied. The rate of biofilm formation was assessed by microtiter plate method. Drug resistance and evaluation of drug resistance pattern were also evaluated.

The results showed that in 92% (69/75) of the samples Salmonella biofilm were formed, among which the moderate biofilm with 65.2% had the highest biofilm production. Concurrent resistance to 2 classes of antibiotics (2DR) with 31.8% (22/69) was the most common type of multidrug resistance (MDR) among the biofilm-forming isolates. Resistance to imipenem, ceftriaxone and cefotaxime was observed in only 1 biofilm formation sample.

In this study, high biofilm formation was observed in Salmonella contaminated chicken meat samples. The high rate of antibiotic resistance in biofilm constituents is due to the increasing attention to hygienic aspects of non-transmission of food contamination to humans.