مجله آموزش و سلامت جامعه
سال هفتم شماره 1 (زمستان 1398)

Sexual dysfunction is the common problem in menopause, which can be affected by demographic factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the demographic factors affecting sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women.

This cross sectional descriptive-analytic study was performed on 315 postmenopausal women referred to health care centers in Hamadan in 2018 who were selected by purposive sampling method. The research tools were demographic questionnaire and the female sexual function index (FSFI). To investigate the relationship between different factors and sexual function, univariate and multivariate linear regression were used.

The mean age of participants was 54.15±4.24 years old. The mean score of sexual function was 18.92±4.25, which indicates an undesirable sexual function in postmenopausal women. By increasing the frequency of spouse's marriage, the sexual function score decreased by 2.45 scores (p=0.006). Also, the sexual function score in those who did not have a marriage satisfaction was 5.58 scores less than those who were satisfied with their marital status (p<0.001).

The sexual function in studied postmenopausal women is undesirable and they have abnormalities in all areas except sexual pain. There are also relationship between the frequency of spouse's marriage and the satisfaction of marriage with sexual function in postmenopausal women.

Water pipe smoking, especially among young people, has been on the rise and the increasing prevalence of tobacco use among students is worrying. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of educational intervention based on the theory of planned behavior on preventing water pipe smoking in secondary school students.

This semi-experimental study was performed on 400 students from high school boy students (2nd and 3rd) of Fasa city in 2018-2019. The subjects were selected by cluster random sampling method and divided into control (n=200) and experimental (n=200) groups. The intervention was based on planned behavior theory model for the experimental group in 7 sessions of 50-55 minutes. A questionnaire including demographic information, theory of planned behavior constructs and preventive behaviors of water pipe smoking in high school students were completed before and three months after intervention by both groups. Data were analyzed by SPSS 22 software using Chi-square, independent and paired t-tests.

There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of knowledge, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, intent and preventive behaviors of water pipe smoking pre intervention (p>0.05). However, in the three months after intervention, the experimental group showed a significant increase in any of these variables (p=0.001), while there was no significant difference in the control group (p>0.05).

The educational intervention based on the theory of planned behavior is effective on preventing water pipe smoking in secondary school students.

Health literacy plays a central role in determining health inequalities in society. Considering the important role of university students in the formulation and implementation of future policies and plans of the country, this study aimed to determine the level of health literacy of university students and identify the factors affecting it.

This was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study. The study population included 380 university students who were studying at Isfahan University in the second semester of the academic year 2018-2019. They were entered into the study by stratified and available sampling method. The data gathering tool was the health literacy for Iranian adult’s questionnaire (HELIA). Collected data were analyzed using SPSS 23 software and descriptive statistics and logistic regression.

The mean score of health literacy was 77.96±16.96 of 100. 2.4% of students had inadequate health literacy, 32.3% had not so adequate health literacy, 46.4% had adequate health literacy and 18.9% had excellent health literacy. Health literacy was significantly associated with the variables of the educational level and the faculty of studying the students (p<0.05).

The health literacy of the students participating in the study is at a desirable level. Also, health literacy is associated with the variables of the educational level and the faculty of studying the students and graduate students and Basic science students have higher levels of health literacy.

Menopause is one of the most critical periods in women's lives that although it is a physiological event, but it is accompanied by complications that affect women's quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine the prediction of the quality of life of menopausal women based on health literacy and self-efficacy.

This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 400 postmenopausal women referred to comprehensive health centers in Mashhad in 2018 who were selected by random cluster sampling method. The research tool was a 4-part questionnaire including demographic characteristics, test of functional health literacy in adults (TOFLA), Sherer general self-efficacy and quality of life in menopause. Data were analyzed by SPSS 22 software using Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, Spearman’s correlation, and linear regression model.

There was a significant correlation between health literacy (r=-0.352) and self-efficacy (r=-0.338) with quality of life (p<0.001). Self-efficacy, health literacy, marriage age, type of delivery, vitamin D consumption, dairy consumption, and fruit were predictors of quality of life in menopausal women (p<0.05). Self-efficacy and health literacy predicted 18% and the other variables predicted 31% of variance in quality of life.

Health literacy and self-efficacy are two factors affecting the quality of life of postmenopausal women.

Unhealthy nutrition is the cause of 35% of death due to cancer. Modification of dietary patterns from childhood and beginning adulthood and having good nutritional behaviors is very important to prevent diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the predictive factors of nutritional behaviors based on the extended theory of reasoned action among high school female students.

In this cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study, 173 high school female students were selected by simple random sampling method from two girls' government schools in Ahvaz city in academic year 2018-2019. Data were collected using a questionnaire including demographic characteristics, extended theory of reasoned action and nutritional behaviors questions. Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling and independent t-test, chi square test and Pearson correlation coefficient in SPSS 23 and AMOS 22 softwares.

The amount of expression of behavioral intention variance was 28% for attitude, 15% for subjective norms, and 49% for self-efficacy and self-efficacy and subjective norms were the most powerful and weakest predictor of behavioral intention respectively. Also 56% of behavioral intention changes and 24% of nutritional behavior changes of students were predicted by this extended model. The fitting indexes of the model showed that the model is goodness.

The extended theory of reasoned action with the self-efficacy construct is a suitable theory for predicting nutritional behaviors of female students.

Anger is one of the excitements of human, which, if left out of a balanced level and transformed into aggressive behavior, has many negative effects on all aspects of the health of individuals. Awareness of anger status in adolescent students and its effective factors can be the first step in planning and implementing psychological interventions to control and management of students’ anger. The aim of the present study was to determine the status of anger in high school girl students in Ilam.

This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 313 high school girl students in Ilam in 2017 who were selected by multi stage random sampling method. Data were collected using Spielberger's Anger Scale (STAXI-2) in the form of self-reported, and were analyzed by SPSS 19 software using Pearson correlation and Kendall correlation tests, independent t-test and one-way ANOVA.

The mean scores of anger state and anger trait in first-grade students was significantly lower than the other two grades (p=0.001). Also, the general anger expression in students with laborer or unemployed parents was significantly higher than other students (p=0.032). There was a positive significant correlation between general anger expression index with anger state and anger trait indexes (p<0.01).

The general anger expression and anger trait in the studied students is moderate and their grade of students’ education and their parents' occupation are effective factors on the anger of these students.

Understanding the factors that underpin the adoption of new healthcare electronic systems and services is of great importance. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to provide the model of acceptance of electronic health services by patients.

This descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 357 patients in Tehran hospitals during 2018-2019. The subjects were selected by convenience sampling method and completed a questionnaire including demographic information and the main model structural components (audience, cerebral process, and conduit). SPSS 22 software was used for descriptive analysis of data and partial least squares method and Smart PLS 3.2.8 software were used to verify the conceptual model.

The influence of factors related to receiver of health services or audience (t=9.955), factors related to cerebral process (t=5.206) and also, factors related to conduit (t=3.350) were significant on acceptance of e-health services (p<0.05). Therefore, all relationships between model variables were confirmed.

The provided model of acceptance of e-health services is confirmed and based on this, one can predict the effective factors in determining the acceptance of e-health services.

Hypertension is one of the most common and important problems of people with diabetes that its increase causes cardiovascular complications and mortality in these people. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of lifestyle educational intervention on blood pressure in diabetic patients with hypertension.

In this experimental study, 74 patients with diabetes and hypertension referred to Urmia Diabetes Association in 2017 were selected by simple random sampling method and randomly divided into experimental (37 patients) and control (37 patients) groups. Educational intervention of lifestyle change was done for intervention group by providing educational pamphlets and holding educational classes in 4 sessions during 2 weeks. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16 software using chi-square test, paired t-test and independent t-test.

Before intervention, the mean of systolic and diastolic blood pressure had no significant difference between two groups (p>0.05), but after intervention the mean of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in intervention group decreased significantly (p<0.001).

Lifestyle educational intervention can significantly modulate hypertension in diabetic patients with hypertension.