فصلنامه پوست و زیبایی
سال یازدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 41، بهار 1399)

Since the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic on December 2019, challenges on economic, political, social, hygiene- therapeutic and life style have emerged in many countries. Many researches are investigating on virus characteristics and its behavior and also preventive and therapeutic measures. Despite the virus not being dermatotropic, several skin manifestations have been observed. In this review, overall informations on this viral infection with focus on skin manifestations are presented.

The aim of this study was to investigate the causes of doing cosmetic surgeries in married women.

The research design was descriptive. The statistical population of the study consisted of married women who had performed cosmetic surgery. An in-depth, unstructured interview was conducted to collect information from 21 married women who were undergoing a cosmetic surgery. The data were analyzed using the foundation data (coding) method.

In the present study, participants' interview analysis led to the identification of 416 primary codes, 21 subcategories, and three main categories, including individual, marital-family, and sociocultural contexts.

The desire for cosmetic surgery, on the one hand, has been influenced by individual factors, such as mischief, the negative image of the individual towards herself and et al. On the other hand, it has been influenced by family-marital factors such as the perception of repetition for the spouse, humiliation by the spouse and family and, also, influenced by socio-cultural factors such as the role of peers and friends and the role of media models.

The aim of the present study is rapid and precise identification of yeast species isolated from nail of patients with clinical features of onychomycosis using PCR-RFLP technique.

50 patients with involvement of 29 fingernails and 21 toenails were enrolled in the study. Different yeast species were identified by conventional mycological. The PCR-RFLP was tested on yeast isolated and the PCR-RFLP products were separated by electrophoresis in 2% agarose gel, with DNA stain.

The main causative agents were yeasts in 12 cases (24%). Candida albicans was the most commonly isolated yeast species followed by Candida parapsilosis (6%), and Candida glabrata (4 %).

PCR-RFLP method using ITS1-ITS4 primers and MspI restriction enzymes is a rapid, accurate and cost-effective method for specific diagnosis of the most prevalent candida spp. Its ability to detect low amounts of fungal DNA in patient samples in 6-8 hours could be useful for clinical laboratories for optimal management of these infections.

COVID-19 was announced pandemic by March 2020. Due to the high prevalence of the disease and its staggering spread, it is very important to identify various manifestations of this viral infection.
The aim of this study is to review published articles about cutaneous involvement of COVID-19 disease. Cutaneous manifestations are rare in COVID-19 disease and it is essential to recognize these possible skin manifestations in order to detect and treat COVID-19 disease and to prevent further transmission.

Superficial dermatophytoses are among the most common infectious disease. The most commonly used antifungal categories reazoles, polyenes and echinocandins. Due to the limited number of available antifungal drugs, toxicity and the emergence of resistant (intrinsic or acquired) strains, antifungal strategy needs to be developed. Recently the researchers try to find alternative antifungal agents. This review emphasizes the action and resistance mechanisms to antifungal drugs, the search for new agents, drug- resistant genes, and the application of combination therapy and immunomodulators (using cytokines and gamma interferon which can provide novel insights to fighting fungal infections). A comprehensive review study was performed using the keywords including Candida, antifungal drugs and drug resistance in valid medical databases, mainly PubMed. Articles that were most relevant to the purposes of the study were selected and studied. Problems with antifungal resistance and the emergence of resistant strains of fungal has produced an enormous demand for new antifungal agents. The clinical complexity of patients with resistant mycoses prevents an easy approach to the detection, prevention, and management of antifungal drug resistance. Continuing investigation will illustrate the role of susceptibility testing for resistant mycoses and on clinical strategies used to fighting antifungal drug resistance in pathogenic fungi.

Knowledge about environmental factors that are aggressive to skin has increased in recent years. Although concern previously focused primarily on UVA and UVB, this has broadened to contain damage from pollution, tobacco smoke, other ambient toxins, infrared light, blue light and UVA-II. This article reviews the negative effects of infrared, blue light and UVA-II on skin. Potential protective actions also are discussed.

Onycholemmal carcinoma is a rare slow-growing malignant epithelial neoplasm originating from nail bed epithelium. Clinical presentations are nonspecific and include warty mass, ulceration, and crust, onycholysis, periungual erythema, edema, and pain.

Herein, we report a 65-year-old woman with a mass lesion in the second finger of right hand that lasted for 3 years, which finally managed by finger amputation. Histopathology of the tumor revealed solid islands of atypical keratinocytes with abrupt keratinization without granular layer formation. Immunohistochemistry for epithelial and cell proliferation markers was performed.

Malignant epithelial neoplasms of the nail should be considered in long-standing nail problems and appropriate nail biopsy should be performed.

Burn is one of the most severe traumas experienced in humans with severe pain. Some researches indicate the positive impact of spiritual-religious interventions on different aspects of burn injuries. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate articles published in domestic and foreign databases on the effect of spirituality and religion on burn patients in Iran. The present study is a review study, all Persian articles in scientific journals that are in internal databases including Database SID, Iranmedex, Magiran, Irandoc and external databases such as Google Scholar, pubmed and indexed in persian were reviewed for the purpose of the study. Out of the reviewed articles, 4 articles were finally identified and evaluated according to the purpose of the study. Studies that did not have the full text were excluded, as well as articles that examined only the prevalence of burns and studies that did not specify how interventions were performed. Findings indicate the positive effect of spiritual-religious interventions on increasing the ability to cope with burn pain. Therefore, it is suggested that spiritual-religious interventions in nursing care be more widely considered.