فصلنامه توسعه کارآفرینی
سال سیزدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 47، بهار 1399)

Entrepreneurial exit is an important part of the entrepreneurial process that has a remarkable impact on the entrepreneur, enterprise, various industries and macroeconomics of each country. However, little research has been done in this area; In particular, researchers have paid less attention to the role of the entrepreneurs' social networks on exit. Entrepreneur’s social network is defined as the totality of all persons connected to entrepreneur and include partners, suppliers, customers, venture capitals, distributors, business associations, family members, friends& Advisors. The purpose of this study is to identify the role of social networks and its related factors on entrepreneurial exit. This research in terms of purpose is applied and in terms of method is qualitative-narrative. The statistical population of the study consisted of entrepreneurs in Tehran who had at least one experience of leaving the business in conditions of good economic performance. Research samples were selected using the snowball technique. Semi-structured interviews were also used to collect the data. After interviewing with 12 person theoretical saturation was achieved. Data analysis and coding led to the identification of seven components related to the social network that are involved in the exit process. These seven components are: differences and conflicts between partners, partners' lack of commitment to their business, partners' lack of experience and skills, family emotional support at the time of exit, family role conflict of business partners, customer’s feedback, and professional and emotional support from friends at the time of exit.

Many managers and researchers believe that the Social Responsibility is a key component of the relationship between the company and the environment and it can serve as a competitive advantage for frimes. So it is very important. Responsibility is particularly important in Entrepreneurship, because there are so many benefits for entrepreneurs. The purpose of this research is to identify and combine the categories, concepts and indicators of social responsibility in entrepreneurship and this is a basic research. The method of study is Meta-synthesis. To do so, 331 articles published between 2005 and 2019 in the best scientific journals are collected. Then articles were manually screened. 35 articles remained which were used for coding and analysis. Then codes were combined and the concepts obtained. The reliability of the concepts was assessed using the Gohan's kappa index. Content analysis was also performed with Shannon entropy and the concepts were ranked. Eventually 17 concepts remained witch in three levels of micro, middle and macro were presented on a pattern as research findings. The results showed that entrepreneurship and social responsibility can lead to sustainable development.

Social innovations are considered as the new solutions which meet social needs simultaneously, which results in establishing the new or improved relationships and better use of facilities and resources. Using indicators to capture social innovation and evaluate the expected effects of social innovation plans provide important tools for development. This research is applied in terms of purpose in which Meta-Synthesis approach is used.In this study, 1215 related articles and researches conducted between 2000 and 2019 were selected from the Web of Science and Scopus scientific databases and Google search engine. Finally, 35 articles were evaluated for the purpose of the study using the meta-synthesis method and selection criteria. This research is qualitative and is conducted with the aim of exploring the dimensions and components of a framework for evaluating social innovations at macro-level. The results of the research showed 3 categories (Social, Economic, and environmental) based on TBL approach, 16 concepts and 56 codes. Experts endorsed the kappa index of 0.664. The findings of this study can be used to estimate the value of social innovations at macro-level.

People’s behavior change facilitates their goals achievement. Interventions targeting people’s behavior change are generally implemented through diverse types of education. With increasing use of coaching systems in accelerator centers, the question then arises as to whether the methods used by educators can affect the behavior of nascent entrepreneurs and change their behavior in a more entrepreneurial way. In this paper, we have attempted to answer this question using a quasi-experimental approach to investigate the behavior change of nascent entrepreneurs. For this purpose, 18 accelerator centers were selected in Tehran province, in which 188 nascent entrepreneurs were selected as statistical sample at the beginning of the acceleration period. 114 nascent entrepreneurs of all selected ones contributed also at the end of the period. Investigation of the questionnaires and Paired T-Test indicate that entrepreneurial behavior of nascent entrepreneurs during the acceleration period turn out to be more entrepreneurial. In addition, the regression test showed that this change in behavior is the result of educational, relational and experiential approaches used by the centers’ instructors and the effectiveness of the mentioned methods is 0.28, 0.55 and 0.21 respectively. Therefore, coaching methods affect behavior change of the nascent entrepreneurs. Relational methods are more effective compared to educational and experiential approaches for coaching nascent entrepreneurs.

Nowadays, in the age of digital transformation, the use of financial technologies (fintechs) has become an integral part of the banking industry and partnership with Fintech start-ups is not either a choice it is a necessary. In this study, we want to analysis the development process of Fintech startups in Iran, which are in the early stages of their life cycle. So the main question is; what are the challenges and obstacles facing Fintech start-ups in Iran? This research is applied by its purpose and qualitative by its data gathering method. To achieve this goal, systematic grounded theory approach applied. Data collected using semi-structured interviews with 13 bank experts in Fintech, Entrepreneurs, and Co-founders of Fintech start-ups, by using purposeful sampling method. Data were analyzed using MAXQDA software. The results showed that the most important barriers to the development of Fintech startups in Iran are regulatory challenges, lack of a clear bank strategy for partnership, and macroeconomic conditions of the country, especially sanctions. Therefore, providing strategies such as formulating new standards and rules especially for open banking and complete the digital transformation roadmap of the banking industry with the help of key stakeholders can lead to the development of fintech startups.

Knowledge-Based Enterprises has a key role in developing a knowledge-based economy. The importance of maintaining these companies in competitive environments has made marketing as a vital component for them, and the success of a marketing system requires selecting the right combination of marketing mix variables, therefore this fact marks in the entrepreneurial marketing mix for knowledge-based companies. On the other hand, need for market advice and use for marketing decisions and activities, the concept of market orientation for these businesses is important. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to investigate the effect of the entrepreneurial marketing mix on the entrepreneurial success of knowledge-based firms in viewpoint of the moderating role of market orientation. This research is descriptive survey. The population of this research is Delphi method is knowledgeable experts, which 30 experts have been selected with using a judgment-snowball sampling method. To test the model, the sample population consisted of 180 knowledge-based businesses located in Isfahan Research Center, that selected by available sampling method. Questionnaire was used for data collection. Its validity was evaluated by experts and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability. The results of data analysis with Smart Pls 2 indicate that the entrepreneurial marketing mix has a positive and significant effect on the entrepreneurial success of knowledge-based companies. In addition, the results showed that market orientation has a moderating role between the two variables of entrepreneurial marketing mix and entrepreneurial success in these businesses.