Journal of Civil Engineering and Materials Application
Volume:2 Issue: 2, Spring 2018

In recent years, research on emergency traffic evacuation has increased intensively. Detection of the optimal discharge route is one of the most important parts of crisis management due to the large number of effective measures. In this research, we have used the Analytical Hierarchy Process, taking into account three criteria, road capacity, population density, and structural parameters, and several sub-criteria, and taking into account the actual weight of the criteria for traffic emergency evacuation routing . The method presented in this research is not limited to these three criteria, and can be done with other criteria, based on the conditions of the case study area. The study area in this research is the region of Sabzemeydan, a region in Zanjan city (capital of Zanjan province, northwest of Iran), which has been studied based on the above criteria. The proposed route for emergency traffic evacuation in the studied area, using the proposed method in this research, has all the effective parameters in traffic evacuation, in times of crisis, and is the most optimal route for simultaneous examination based on their real impact.

The Shahr-e-Bijar dam is a 96.5 m high and 430 m long concrete faced rock-fill dam with reservoir volume of 105 million m3. Construction of the dam was completed in April 2014. Throughout the dam construction, comprehensive monitoring had been carried out to verify the dam behavior so that stability and safety of the dam were ensured. Monitoring of the dam be- havior was based on the measurement data of instruments which installed in the dam body and the foundation as well as daily visual inspection. In this study, a two dimensional finite element analysis of SEB dam is carried out and the computed displacements and internal stresses compared with those measured in situ by the instrumentation. The rock-fill material is represented by the hardening soil model which is a modified version of Duncan and Changs hyperbolic model. The maxi- mum recorded construction settlement is around 0.80 m at the maximum cross section and around 0.50 m at the sections on the abutments which correspond to 0.9% of the dam height. The deformations will further increase with first impounding and rising reservoir to full supply level and due to creeping of the rock-fill. The results of different instruments which are used for the settlement monitoring of the dam are shown that the accuracy of hydrostatic settlement cells is more than other in- struments and the measured settlements by the magnetic plates around the inclinometers tubes are usual below the actual settlement. The stress arching within the dam body and abutments is recorded as 50 % in the middle of dam body and 60 % in the near of the banks. Also, during the construction, the shrinkage is mobilized within the dam body along the axis of dam at the first stage of construction and then by increasing the overburdens height, the expansion is recorded and increased up to the end of construction. The results are shown 65 mm as the maximum expansion which is mobilized at the middle part of the dam body.

The performance of asphalt pavements against environmental factors such as moisture is important. Many failures are caused by the direct flow of water into the pavement and the weakening of the bond between bitumen and aggregates. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of anti-stripping nano-materials and Iranian Gilsonite on the moisture susceptibility of asphalt mixtures, and in this research, hot-mix asphalt is investigated. To achieve this goal, the calcined aggregates, bitumen 60-70, and two additives of mineral pitch and Zycosil are used. The mineral pitch was mixed with bitumen at 3, 6 and 9% levels by weight of bitumen and Zycosil was mixed at 0.15% by weight of bitumen for each asphalt specimen. The level of bitumen used in samples is considered to be the same with the optimum bitumen of the control sample. Then, the diagrams of tests conducted on the samples were plotted. These tests, which were used to study the effect of these materials on the adhesion and strength of asphalt mixtures, include indirect tensile test, resilient modulus and Marshall stability. The results from the experiments show that the mineral pitch and Zycosil improve the performance of hot-mix asphalt.

Launching a public transit route will be effective in generating employment and returning capital, while satisfying citizens. This requires the definition of appropriate lines in terms of type and number of vehicles, origin and destination, line path as well as their scheduling. Hence, the proper knowledge of the origin and purpose of the passengers by passengers and the estimation of their travel attraction will be of particular importance. This is due to the fact that in many cases there is no comprehensive database of trips available to the designer. In such a situation, it is important to adopt a scientific method that can provide the required data with minimal time and cost. Different methods can be developed depending on the conditions of the desired range. In this study, a method is presented to examine the possibility of establishing public transportation lines in the Minoodar town neighborhood located in the 3th district of Qazvin. In this regard, along with adopting a scientific method for identifying the patterns of travel and the amount of public transport demand in this area, lines designed to meet the travel demand of the study area and economically feasible.

Constructing the spur-dikes is one the most efficient methods for protecting river banks. The spur-dike in the flow path leads to local scour around this structure. Scour around the spur-dike is one the major problems that might endanger the stability of the structure. Therefore, estimating the scour around this structure based on the flow condition and geometry of the spur- dike is highly important. The experiment was conducted in laboratory flume 6m long, 0.45 m width and 0.45 m deep and with median diameter of particle size 1.48 mm and the maximum local scour around the direct upright and trapezoidal spur-dike (with slope side) and the effect of Froude number and spur-dike side slope on geometry of local scour are investigated. According to the results, by increasing the Froude number and spur-dike side slope, the maximum scour depth and hole dimension of scour is increased, also sedimentation length is increased but its height is decreased and the amount of bed changes toward downstream is increased.