نشریه اندیشه و رفتار در روان شناسی بالینی
پیاپی 54 (زمستان 1398 )

Paraphilia can be explained with lack of attachment an emotional bonding to others that have role in development of abnormal personality traits. The aim of this research was to examine the mediator role of attachment styles in the relationship between Abnormal Personality dimensions and fetishism. For this reason, in a descriptive and correlational research design 300 subjects among in Tabriz city men up to 18 years old was selected by available sampling method from and then assessed through Adult Attachment Inventory (AAI), personality inventory for DSM-5-Brief form (PID-5-BF) and the Multidimensional Inventory of Development, Sex, and Aggression (MIDSA). The results of multiple regression analyses revealed that ambivalent attachment style, antagonism and disinhibition can predict fetishism significantly and positively. Also, the results of path analysis showed that ambivalent attachment styles act as mediators of the abnormal dimensions of personality and fetishism. It seems, ambivalent attachment style originated from childhood experiences and unstable and maladaptive relationship with primary caregivers, that can affect correlation between abnormal personality dimensions that formed by many factors and fetishism which is type of paraphilia.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder is one of the prevalent mental disorders which is characterized by intrusive thoughts and repetitive and compulsive behaviors. OCD is a debilitating disorder that makes a person''''''''s life difficult. This studies’ aim was to investigate the differential role of childhood trauma and cognitive distortions associated with clinical symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. The research method was descriptive correlational. 201 male and female students were selected from all students of Urmia University by convenience sampling method and then evaluated for obsessive-compulsive symptoms, exposure to child abuse and cognitive distortions. The results of regression analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between the dimensions of childhood trauma and cognitive distortions with the clinical symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Also, regression analysis revealed that approximately 32% of the of the total variance of the clinical symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder is predictable based on the variables of childhood trauma and cognitive distortions, and the cognitive distortions variable has a greater share. This study supports the association of clinical symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder with childhood trauma and cognitive distortions in clients. It seems that Childhood abuse experiences are a powerful predictor of severe behavioral and psychosocial consequences, like obsessive-compulsive disorder; and exposure to childhood trauma can predict obsessive-compulsive disorder and cognitive distortions in adulthood.

Conceptually, suicide-related behavior can be explained to include a continuum of suicidal ideas or suicidal thoughts, to suicidal planning and, ultimately, Suicidal attempt and death by suicide. Suicide-related death is a mental health problem in many countries. Suicidal thoughts and behavior are caused by the interaction of various factors and in this respect; many theories have been built to better understand the development of thought and suicidal behavior. The purpose of the present study was to compare the dissociative experience, self-compassion, and perceived social support in suicidal and normal individuals. For this purpose, in a comparative study, 30 suicidal individuals were matched with 30 normal individuals without suicidal ideation in terms of age, gender, and marital status and after evaluating dissociative experience, self-compassion, and perceived social support, they were compared. Results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups of suicidal and normal individuals in terms of components of self-compassion, perceived social support and dissociative experience. Thus, it can be argued that higher dissociative experience, lower self-compassion and lower perceived social support may contribute to suicidal behavior.

Irritable bowel syndrome is serious problems that can influence patient’s life situation. This illness, usually occur absence organic problem and it cause to disease, sick leave, decrease  quality of life, avoid from social relations, absence and increase health charge. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the Effectiveness of mindfulness integrated cognitive behavior therapy (MiCBT) on pain syndrome, quality of life relative with health, anxiety. Depression in Irritable Bowel Syndrome patients. For this purpose, semi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design with control group, 24 subjects with Irritable Bowel Syndrome patients in Dezful were selected by available sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control group. The groups were evaluated before, immediately after in pain syndrome, quality of life relative with health, anxiety. Depression. The experimental group received integration group therapy in 8 sessions. The analysis of covariance data showed a significant difference between experimental and control groups in terms pain syndrome and quality of life relative with health, depression. Mindfulness integrated cognitive behavior therapy seems is able to decrease the pain syndrome, anxiety and depression in Irritable Bowel Syndrome patients and increase their quality of life relative with health.

Due to the pressures and tensions between adolescence, self-injury may be done with the aim of reducing the negative tensions and emotions. Based on the emotional regulation model, the most important motivation in this behavior can be related to the regulation of unpleasant emotions. The aim of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy on self-esteem, cognitive emotion regulation, and non-suicidal self-injury behavior in Pardis secondary school girls. For this purpose, in this quasi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test and control group, 30 students from the junior high school girl students of Pardis City, who had performed at least once a non-suicidal self-injury behavior, were selected by access sampling and randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received dialectical behavior therapy in 10 sessions. The groups were tested before and after the intervention in terms of self-esteem, cognitive emotion regulation, self-injury behaviour’s and functions. The results of covariance analysis showed dialectical behavior therapy in reducing self-injury behavior, increasing self-esteem and reducing catastrophe in the experimental group compared to the control group. According to the results, dialectical behavior therapy could improve self-esteem, emotion regulation and reduce self-injury behaviour’s in adolescent girls.

The dark personality traits have expanded as a new and integrated model of combining existing personality theories and in the last decade, it has attracted a lot of attention in the field of personality pathology models. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of pathological personality dimensions in predicting dark tetrad personality traits. For this purpose, 400 people (226 women and 174 men) were selected from the students of Tabriz universities by convenience sampling and were evaluated in terms of dark tetrad personality traits and the pathological personality dimensions. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that the five dimensions of pathological personality including negative affectivity, detachment, antagonism, disinhibition and psychoticism are related to the Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy, Sadism. The results showed that Machiavellianism predicted by antagonism; psychopathy predicted by antagonism and detachment; narcissism predicted by antagonism, detachment and negative affectivity; Sadism predicted by antagonism. It is noteworthy that antagonism as one of the pathological personality dimensions predicted all four dark personality traits. It can be concluded that the dark personality traits can be rooted in maladaptive personality dimensions and aspects.

In depression, the afflicted person is in risk of mental breakdown and his mental coherence is endangered. Two important psychological mechanism that seem to be important factors for susceptibility to depression and its continuity are emotional dysregulation and ego strength. This study aims to test the effectiveness of group behavioral activation on emotion dysregulation and ego strength in depressed people. for this purpose, in a quasi‐experimental research design with pretest, post-test and a control group, 30 patients were selected using convenience sampling method and placed randomly in experimental (n=15) or control group (n=15). Subjects in experimental group participated in eight 90 minutes sessions of behavioral activation and the control group waited for one month without receiving any intervention. Emotion dysregulation and ego strength of the subjects were measured before and after the intervention. Multivariable analyze of covariance indicated that when the effects of pretest are controlled, there is a significant difference between the two groups in terms of their average score on emotion dysregulation and ego strength variables. The results of this paper supports the effectiveness of group behavioral activation-based therapy on improving emotion regulation and ego strength.

There is increasing evidence that people with depression disorder have emotional expressiveness problems that may play a key role in the pathology and continuity of this disorder. Some experts say suppressed emotions can lead to traumatic symptoms, including depression. So, the aim of this study was to develop of treatment program based on dynamic experiential model and determine its effectiveness on emotional expressiveness in depressed patients. Disorder. To this purpose, in a pretest–posttest semi- experimental research with control group, 30 patients with depression disorder were selected through convenience sampling method and randomly divided into experimental and control group. The experimental group underwent 20 sessions of treatment program and the control group did not receive any treatment. Score of emotional expressiveness in experimental and control groups was evaluated at beginning, after the treatment, and at 2-month follow-up. The results of covariance analysis showed treatment program improves emotional expressiveness in depressed patients. Also, results of repeated measure test showed a persistent effect over a two-month follow-up period. Overall, this study emphasizes on necessity of training and emotional expressiveness in depressed patients.