مجله پزشکی بالینی ابن سینا
سال بیست و هفتم شماره 1 (پیاپی 95، بهار 1399)

In the treatment of infertility, the management method of the luteal phase is controversial and there is no general agreement regarding the preferred protocol. The purpose of this study was to compare the pregnancy rate of frozen embryos in the Long method with the GnRH agonist and OCP with estradiol alone.

In clinical trial study a total of 128 IVF candidates were randomly assigned into two groups of 64 GnRH -OCP agonists (group A) and group receiving estradiol alone (group B). In group A, patients were treated 15 days after OCP for 12 days; GnRH agonists were also given for 14 days. In group B, estradiol valerate tablets 6 mg 2 times daily for 5 days were used for at least 10 days if normal endometrial thickness normal.

The study groups were similar in mean age, duration, type and cause of infertility (P> 0.05). The mean number of eggs taken, embryos formed, embryos transferred were similar in terms of number, motility, and morphology of the spermatozoa. Laboratory and clinical pregnancies in group A were 17.2% and 15.6%, respectively, in group B were 23.4% and 20.3%, respectively (P> 0.05). The rate of abortion and multiple pregnancies were 1.6% in group A and 3.1% in group B, respectively (P> 0.05).

Pregnancy rate of embryos frozen in Long method with GnRH agonist and OCP with estradiol was not significantly different only in pregnancy outcome.

Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Inflammation is one of the components of metabolic syndrome and many inflammatory cytokines play a critical role in this disease. The aim of this study was to investigate correlation between seborrheic dermatitis and metabolic syndrome.

In this case- control study 39 seborrheic dermatitis patients who referred to Sina Hospital of Hamadan as case group and 39 age and sex matched healthy individuals as control group were compared in terms of metabolic syndrome. Statistical analysis was performed using version 16.0 (SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL).

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in the patient group were statistically significantly lower than in the controls (in women P=0.046 and in men P=0.044). Mean of triglyceride, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein(LDL), fasting blood glucose (FBS), systolic and diastolic blood pressure and waist circumference in case group were more than in control group but just systolic blood pressure and waist circumference were statistically significant (P<0.05). In case group 20.5% and in control group 7.7% were afflicted metabolic syndrome which was not statistically significant (P=0.104).

Some significant parameters of metabolic syndrome in seborrheic dermatitis patients may be a predictive factor for screening.

Due to the increased prevalence of antibiotic resistance to beta-lactam and carbapenem compounds, the identification of beta-lactamase-producing enzymes is essential for the timely treatment of such isolates. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of Metallo-β-Lactamases (MBL) and Klebsiella Pneumoniae Carbapenemase    (KPC) genes among Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates.

In this cross sectional- descriptive study a total of 97 clinical isolates were collected from hospitalized patients of Hamadan hospitals from November 2017 to May 2018. After confirmation of the isolated strains, antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was determined by disk agar diffusion, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was performed for imipenem using Etest method, Combined Double-Disk Test (CDDT) and Modified Hodge test (MHT) and identification of carbapenemase genes was performed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).

The results of statistical analysis showed that the highest antibiotic resistance was to cefoxitin, 92 (94.8%), and the lowest antibiotic resistance was to piperacillin-tazobactam, 38 (39.2%). Among the carbapenem antibiotics, the highest antibiotic resistance was to imipenem 48 (49.4%). Among of 49 (50.51%) carbapenem-resistant isolates, 42 (85.71%) had positive results for MIC, 26 (53.06%) and 25 (51.02%) isolates had positive results for IMP / EDTA (CDDT) and MHT test respectively. PCR results also showed that the highest and lowest gene presence among resistant isolates was related to IMP, 20 (40.8%) and GIM gene, 6 (12.24%), respectively.

Results showed that a high percentage of P. aeruginosa isolates 49 (50.51%) were resistant to carbapenem antibiotics, and a high percentage of carbapenem-resistant isolates produced beta-lactamase genes.

Some studies have shown that abnormal levels of biomarkers may be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum levels of Inhibin A and the outcomes of pregnancy.

This retrospective cohort study was conducted on the data obtained from the Inhibin A of 560 pregnant women at 15 to 20 weeks of gestation in Hamadan, Iran. The levels of Inhibin A less than 0.5 and higher than 2 mmol were considered below and high, respectively. The patients were assessed in terms of birth weight, gestational age, Apgar score, preeclampsia, intrauterine fetal death, and cesarean section. The receiver operating characteristic curve level was calculated to detect adverse pregnancy complications. The data were statistically analyzed in STATA software (version 14).

Out of the pregnant women eligible for the study, 33 (5.9%) cases were excluded due to incomplete medical record files and unavailability. Of the remaining 527 patients, 378 (71.7%), 26 (4.9%), and 123 (23.3%) ones had normal, low, had high Inhibin A levels, respectively. Patients with higher serum Inhibin A levels had a higher risk of preeclampsia, low birth weight, and prematurity, compared to those with normal or low levels (P˂0.05).

Based on the findings of the present study, high levels of Inhibin A at 15 to 20 weeks of gestation can be associated with the risk of preeclampsia, low birth weight, and prematurity.

Following the increased prevalence of microbial resistance against chemical antimicrobial agents, the biological effects of metallic nanoparticles have recently been studied by researchers. In this study, the antimicrobial effects of iron oxide nanoparticles made by chemical methods in different concentrations on bacteria isolated from urinary tract infections were investigated.

In this cross sectional- descriptive research, using chemical reactants and only by controlling the conditions and applying optimal conditions, Iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical precipitation method and their bactericidal effects on the six common bacteria causing urinary tract infections was studied by agar well diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations of nanoparticles were also determined. In addition, the antibiotic resistance pattern of bacteria was investigated for antibiotics Gentamycin, Amikacin, Ampicillin, Nalidixic acid, Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin, Sulfomethoxazole by disk diffusion method.

The iron oxide nanoparticle was made in a spherical shape with a diameter of about 60 nm. Bacteria had an extensive antibiotic resistance, but iron nanoparticles were effective on all 6 bacteria, and the minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentration to Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens were 0.32, 0.04, 0.02, 0.08, 0.04 and 0.02 and at 1.25, 0.08, 0.61, 32 0, 16.0 and 16.0 mg/mL respectively.

Iron oxide nanoparticles showed a wide spectrum of effects at very low concentrations against bacteria, and these nanoparticles could be considered as an appropriate candidate for the treatment of bacterial infections after extensive research.

Mentally retarded children delayed in global that affects motor, cognitive, communication, speech and language development. Poor organization in mental lexicon and reduction in vocabulary are the obvious consequences of mental retardation. The main objective of this study was to evaluate perception and expression of nouns, and test-retest reliability of two picture-pointing and picture-naming tests, in Farsi-speaking in educable mentally retarded children in Hamadan city.

It was a descriptive-analytic and cross-sectional study. 40 mentally retarded children (18 females, 22 males) were selected from exceptional children’s school of Hamadan. Two picture-pointing and picture-naming tests were used in this study. For the sake of test-retest reliability, 10 evaluated two times with one day time interval.

There was a significant positive correlation between mean scores of perception and expression (P=0.001, r=0.662). Mean scores of girls and boys was not statistically different. Findings about test-retest reliability show that, these two tests have optimal reliability.

Descriptive statistics of the mentally retarded children can be part of normative data alongside other findings of other cities of Iran. In addition, confirmation of reliability shows part of the efficiency of these two tests in research and clinical settings.

Improving control of balance is essential for carrying out daily activities of life as a basic functional ability. The importance role of external intervention on the foot balance as main point of contact between land and body has been indicated in the literature. The aim of present study is investigating the comparison effects of using insoles with different wedge on balance control with and without visual input before and after fatigue.

The twenty female students with the average age of 24.31±2.47 selected as the research samples according to the study inclusion criteria. Three semi rigid insoles (no wedge, 10-degree lateral and medial wedge) were used in this study. The subjects' balance was recorded using the Biodex balance System while wearing three types insoles before and after applying the fatigue protocol and in the presence and removal of visual information. Data analysis was using repeated-measures ANOVA test.

According to findings of study, statistical analysis showed a significant differences on using of medial (P=0.03) and lateral wedge insoles (P=0.001) in static balance control with the closed eyes before and after fatigue. Further analysis also showed no significant difference in the improvement of dynamic balance.

Using the wedge insoles can reduce effects of fatigue, which leads to a decrease in the static balance of the individuals, but there was no improvement in relation to the dynamic balance.

Studying in the medical field is a stressful condition, and the present study aimed to evaluate this issue.

This cross-sectional study was carried out on a total of 93 medical interns according to census data. The scores of Hospital Stress Scale were classified as low (35-69), intermediate (70-104), and severe (105-175) stress. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics indices using SPSS software (version 16).

Out of 93 interns, 36 (38.7%) and 57 (61.3%) participants were male and female, respectively. The mean value of job stress was 109.9±10 within the range of 86-129. According to the obtained results, 30 (32.3%) and 63 (67.7%) subjects had moderate and severe stress, respectively. The score of severe stress was higher in women than that reported for men (66.7% and 64.69%; P=0.780). The relationships between weekly working hours, working shifts, chemical factors, and biological factors with the stress score were positive and significant. In addition, the relationships between weekly working hours with communication with superior and colleague and inadequacy were negative and significant.

The interns have high occupational stress, and female students and individuals with longer working hours experience higher levels of occupational stress.