نشریه جغرافیای اجتماعی شهری
پیاپی 16 (بهار و تابستان 1399)

The quality of life studies in Supervision Public policy and Its role is as an efficient tool in urban management and planning. In kerman city  there are clear differences between the quality of life in its tissues Due to the physical and social conditions governing these two tissues. the purpose of this research analysis of the quality of life evaluation tissues of Kerman city.

The method of this research was descriptive-analytic that done information cumulation is through library studies and through the observation of the position extant Within the scope of the study and completion the questionnaire and to analyze the data has been used from SPSS statistical software and the AHP model. has been used ArcGIS software to produce maps also.

The results are from the AHP model it shows that the relative weight of quality of life indexes  n the new and old tissue it has been describedThe Bahonar district in economic index 0.375, In social index 0.285, in environmental index 0.284 and physical index 0.515, has earned. Houshang Moradi Kermani district in economic index 0.385, social index 0.544, environmental 0.547, and physical index 0.333 The situation isvery nice. Khajeh Khezr to earn 0.141 ineconomic index, social 0.087, enivrontal 0.110 and physical index 0.075 earned ponts. Moshtaghiyeh district in the economic index 0.086, social index 0.087, environment 0.057 and physical index 0.075 has earned.

The Result in Research showed in the all index new districtst (Bahonar and Houshangh Moradi Kermani) are better off than old district. (Khajeh Khezr andMoshtaghieh).

Site selection of future urban development is one of the most complex geographic decisions that is considered as optimal location determination in the field of land adaptation analysis. This process assesses the physical fitness and socioeconomic and social equilibrium so that urban dynamic has the least impact on nature and minimum environmental tensions. Purpose of this research is to model the future development of Shahr-e-Kord based on comparison of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Weighted Mean (WM) methods for analyzing land adaptation.

For this purpose, first, digital layers of elevation, slope, aspect, lithology, distance from fault and earthquake focus, density and distance from stream, temperature, precipitation, humidity, wind speed mean, maximum speed of dominant wind and frosty days, density and distance from routes, distance from health centers, hospitals, services and offices, higher education, elementary and secondary education, protected area, urban green space, and land use type were prepared. Then, to determine the relative weight of the parameters, they were analyzed using quantitative analysis and prioritized by pairwise comparison. Finally, by combining the layers based on their weights, using AHP and WM methods, they prepared a zoning map of the region.

Results showed that area of 128.72 and 184.74 km2 (31.6 and 55.22%) of the total study area, respectively, in AHP and WM methods has high to very high suitable for future development of Shahr-e-Kord. These zones are extending substantially to the central and northern parts of study area.

Although observance of ascending order of accuracy assessment index from very low to very high suitability zones in AHP confirms its results, but the results are reasonably due to the high accuracy of WM in prediction of high and very high suitability zones, as well as uniformity and their concentration in land suitability map.

Social sustainability in general has been associated with qualitative dimensions, comprising participation, trust, security, cohesion, and quality of life. Investigating this issue in the informal settlements has become increasingly important due to the prevalence of a citizen-centered and sustainable intervention model. This paper aims to investigate the viability of social sustainability dimensions and to assess the social sustainability capacity of informal housing textures in the Hamadan as a case study

The research method in this paper is descriptive-analytical ine. The data are using library and field method. Research indicators include three components of participation, security and quality of life. The population of the study is 360 households living in informal settlements in Hamadan. The analysis was performed using mean, variance, and Pearson statistics, one-sample t-test and paired t-test. The validity of the research was determined by theoretical foundations and Cronbach's alpha was 0.68.

The results show that despite the spatial differences of neighborhoods, social stability status in these neighborhoods is similar. The average difference between the indicators of participation and social security is relatively small, but the difference between the quality of life index and other indicators is relatively high. Paired t-test and Pearson test results show that the indices are correlated and affect each other.

there is a lowe gap between social sustainability indices in objective and subjective dimension and quality of life with respect to the level of access to services and satisfaction with services provided indicating service failure and regarding expectation of service delivery in these neighborhoods, the mentioned  value is proportaional low.

The worn out tissues are one of the most problematic parts of the city, which is not a prerequisite for healthy living for the residents, and it is necessary to pay attention to the principles and standards of the world as a healthy city. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate and evaluate the quality of life of the city with the healthy city approach in the corrosive tissues of Kashan city.

The method of this research is descriptive-analytic using field survey. The sample size was calculated using Sample Power software with a 95% confidence level and a potential error of  5% of 200 people.

Structural equation modeling in AMOS software was used to explain and model the effects. The results of t-test indicated that the effective factors of urban quality of life in the healthy city in the worn out tissues are significant. The analysis of the results from structural equation modeling show s that among the indexed indicators, the environmental index has the highest factor load with the factor weight (-0.93) with the standards of the healthy city. After that, the safety and security index were ranked second with factor weight (0.88), urban infrastructure and facilities (0.83), social trust (0.63), social hope (0.57), material strength ( 0.38), accessibility (0.37), health and health (0.30), economic (0.27), physical area (0.26) and recreation and leisure (-0.21) are in the next stages.

The results of the t-test and structural equation show that the effective factors of urban quality of life in urban contexts are significantly affected by a healthy city approach and by confirming the research hypotheses, it is clear that Kashan neighborhoods are far from healthy city standards.

The concept of social cohesion has been transformed from the past to the present and has been affected by some factors.This research has a comparative approach to investigate the effect of social characteristics on social cohesion in the old and new neighborhoods of Yazd.

The method of study was to collect documents using a questionnaire and library studies. The statistical population is residents of the Poshte Bagh and the first phase of Azadshahr as two old and new neighborhoods in Yazd in 1395 and the sample size was 384 households, which is estimated according to Cochran's formula.In order to analyze the dataforevaluating of social cohesion and education, used Anova test, income used Pearson correlation and sense of belonging, T-test was used.

The results of Anova test with its level and significance were F: 1.59 and 0.187, F: 3.675 and 0.043, respectively in Poshte Bagh and first phase of Azadshahr that shows the effect of education on social cohesion. Pearson correlation with 0.187 and 0.000 in significant level in Poshte Bagh, and with 0.368 and 0.002 in significant level in Azadshahr were explained which shows the role of income on cohesion. And T-test

sense of belonging in Poshte Bagh was 4.38 and 3.98 for its social cohesion and 4.13 for Azadshahr and 3.53 for its social cohesion at the significant level of 0.000; this means that a sense of belonging can effect community.

education and income, increased participation in Azadshahr, but in Poshte Bagh a sense of belonging enhances cohesion.

The use of citizen capability in different societies is a strong point in promoting the social status of citizens and enhancing security at the community level. The purpose of this study is to investigate the status of citizen participation in Herat city and its impact on enhancing citizens' security and social development.

In order to achieve this goal after collecting the initial data using Pearson correlation, linear regression, t-test and the like in SPSS software, the relationship between the variables was investigated and then analyzed using Waspas and GIS analyzes. Necessary space has been surveyed around Herat.

The findings confirm that the highest and lowest levels of participation were observed in the tenth and ninth districts respectively, in terms of status and tendency for citizen participation, and the highest and lowest in terms of social development indicators in the 7th district of Herat, respectively. The ninth district and finally according to the indices of urban security got the highest score in the 14th district and the lowest in the tenth district.

The results of the study confirm that the citizens' willingness to participate in urban affairs is high, while the authorities are negligent about this issue and the ability and bias of citizens to establish security and consequently Increasing social development of the community has been neglected, which requires further scrutiny.

This article aims to study the present status of two dimensions of social capital in the disadvantaged neighborhoods of Kerman: Structural (network of relationships) and cognitive (trust). Moreover, it tries to compare these two dimensions in disadvantaged and non disadvantaged neighborhoods and also to compare the disadvantaged one with national sample.

The present study is a descriptive – analytic research. Questionnaire has been used for gathering information. The sample is 404 individuals selected through multi-stage cluster sampling in three deprived and marginal neighborhoods in Kerman. Also the national survey of measuring the country’s social capital and the complementary research on the non- deprived neighborhoods in Kerman are used to compare the social capitals in the samples.

The results of T-test show that, in collective level, the amount of structural social capital in deprived neighborhoods is significantly lower than the non-deprived ones. These findings indicate that the relationship of the residents of deprived neighborhoods with the individuals who belong to the higher social-economic status, in comparison to the residents of the non-deprived neighborhoods, is significantly lower.

Moreover, the findings show that the amount of public and organizational trust (bridging social capital) of the deprived neighborhoods in comparison to the national sample which include all of the social classes and groups is significantly lower. This fact might make trouble in the cooperation of the deprived individuals with the public organizations and institutions for empowerment and improvement in their life. Also the findings indicate that the trust of the residents of the deprived neighborhoods in their relatives is more than the average level of the society.  At last, the findings, in personal level, show that the variables such as age, education and income, have significant association to the structural social capital and the perception of justice and equality have significant relationship to cognitive social capital.

Today one of the most important challenges facing urban management is informal settlement. This phenomenon is one of the undesirable consequences of urbanization in the contemporary world, especially as a result of rapid industrialization and regional inequalities, and as a result of the deprivation and lack of informal settlements of urban lifestyle facilities in comparison with other urban areas, they are the focal point of acute problems Urban and antisustainable human development. Considering the importance of the above issue, the aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the unsustainability of informal settlements in Yazd city.

The present study is descriptive-analytic in the research method and in terms of applied purpose. The statistical population of the study consists of experts and urban managers and households living in Hassanabad neighborhoods, housing and slaughterhouses. For the first society, in order to identify the effective indicators on unsustainable informal settlement as snowball and purposeful, 31 experts and managers of the city and for the second community 366 households were selected through random sampling method using Cochran formula to determine the effect of each indicator. In this research, qualitative findings (content analysis of interviews in MAXQUDA qualitative analysis software) and quantitative (T-test of single sample and exploratory factor analysis) were used to analyze the data.

The results of this study showed that 44 indicators in the form of 5 factors in the study area affecting the instability of informal settlements. Among the loaded factors, the economic factor with 9 indicators and the special value of 11.757 and the 26.722 variance were the most important factors and the environmental health factor with 4 indicators and the special value of 5.843 and the variance of 13.280 was the least important factor affecting the instability of informal settlements.

This phenomenon is inevitable and growing and should be accepted as an undeniable fact, so from the point of view of organizing and empowering, which relies on the comprehensive participation of people in solving their problems and provides them with the possibility that according to priorities and Their needs to improve their situation are emphasized.

The effects of climate on the water crisis and the creation of multiple challenges need to be scrutinized to raise the level of society at large. Damage can be avoided if the various dimensions are identified and how they occur.

Using a questionnaire survey method, this study has conducted a comparative study of the security challenges of a water crisis in two cities of Urmia and Central Lake watersheds in terms of roots and causes, the geographical scale of events, nature of challenges.

The mean score of respondents' perceptions in the geographical scale of events is 29.08.08 and 31.47 for the Central Urmia catchment and Lake Urmia respectively, which is local in both catchments. Regarding the nature of the challenges, the average of respondents' views for the Central catchment and Lake Urmia are 22.64 and 23.49, respectively, and the nature of the challenges is managerial, social, environmental and political. Regarding the causes of the challenges, the respondents' viewpoints for the central catchment and Lake Urmia are 40.68 and 44.33, respectively, which are human-managerial factors in the Urmia catchment and the natural causes of the challenges in the central catchment, respectively.

Crisis Capacity The security implications of climate crises, and especially water scarcity due to impacts on economic, social and political spheres, are not necessarily limited to the boundaries of a village or city, but beyond their geographical boundaries and on a larger scale it can be effective.

Cities and urban spaces can be either positive or negative locations for children. Neighborhoods must ideally be social places for children so that they can easily state the principles of communities and cultures and exchange them with children. This research aimed to study the status quo and the effectiveness of each of CFC indicators in order to evaluate the life satisfaction in Mashhad, Iran. In this regard, we reviewed the CFC literature.

This is an applied, descriptive survey researh. CFC's theoretical principles and literature were reviewed using the documentary studies. Then, the indicators were extracted and localized using the dimensions stated in the last UNICEF Report (2007) and valid sources in this regard. In the first stage, the status was reviewed by a field visit. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire in order to assess the status quo and the effectiveness of indicators from the perspective of parents with 6-12 year-old children and children in some child-based questions. The statistical population consisted of 13 Municipal Districts of Mashhad, Iran. Districts 1, 6, and 8 were selected as the sample using clustering based on the municipal income in 2014. District 1 represents rich class; District 8 shows semi-rich class; and District 6 represents poor class. Data were analyzed by SPSS. To assess the hypothesis, firstly Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test was used in order to test the normality of the data and then T. test, Tukey test and ANOVA were employed to review the current situation and the impact indicators as well as the gap analysis.

The results indicated that the effects of the following indicators were not significant in the formation of CFC in Mashhad: Participation in decision-making, health, education, and culture. According to the UNICEF standards, the results of the status quo also showed that all indicators were ranked medium or medium-to-low regardless of quantitative scale using field observations. The measures were among those for developing and developed countries. In quantitative assessment, all indicators were greater than the statistical standard (number 3) except for Playground and Green Spaces

Promoting welfare and healthy city indicators in CFCs requires the participation of all agencies. Municipality as the coordinator between authorities and training and educational bodies can play a key role in this regard. Urban management has come to the conclusion that children are prioritized and municipality is an important part of this element. Without participation, the ultimate goal, which is the healthy society, is not fulfilled.

The city public places are the bedrock of urban society development. Sureness and security in such urban spheres are indispensable .public spaces, including parks, as a platform for creating social interactions, require more security than any urban environment, in this research, with emphasis on the area of the Besat park in shiraz and the identification of factors that affect the security level in the city public spaces, will be sought to provide planned solutions for improvement and promoting effective social security environments.

This study aimed to provide effective indicators on improving the security of urban public spaces to study security in generally and in the Besat park area particularly questionnaire among park users ..In this study ,one variable regression analysis and multivariate questionnaire among park users .In this study ,one variable regression analysis and multivariate regression analysis as well as the data scale (sequential and nominal) were used ,and in some assumption freedman ,khido tests , Fikramer and Kendal correlation coefficient were used to analyze.

The result of our study, which evaluated the assumption of relationship between the independent variable of security showed that impact of population variability was confirmed with 99 percent by the correlation coefficient (R) of 0.26. There was a significant linear relationship between these 2 variable, in other words, this relationship means that security is reduced by increasing in the park.

The results indicate that the increase, diversification and improvement of the existing functions in the park and its surroundings can directly affect the level of security.

Good urban governance is considered as an approach of decision-making system and urban affairs management and urban management institution, which in Iran consists of two municipal organizations and city council, can be one of the best mechanisms for realizing governance. It's good to be urban. Equality in the spatial distribution of urban services and facilities is one of the most important topics in urban studies. The purpose of this study is to measure the spatial distribution of public services in the city of Kerman, emphasizing good urban governance in order to achieve sustainable development. New models of spatial analysis, including privacy analysis and self-correlation techniques, have been able to analyze the issue of access to urban services not only for a particular type of service but also for a large number of services, and how space services are distributed (focus and segregation). And explain the access of citizens and ultimately urban spatial justice.

The present research method is descriptive-analytical and based on library studies, documents and field studies. Data analysis was performed using Geoda software.

In Kerman city, regions 2 and 3 with 29 administrative uses have the largest share, while 95 users share less than 25 percent and 25 to 50 percent of administrative lands. These areas also accounted for the largest number of educational land uses with 22 major uses, while 149 educational land uses accounted for less than 25 percent of these services.

Population-friendly services are not distributed in the novel's metropolitan areas and citizens' access to public services is not equal. The downtown areas have good access to services and the surrounding areas have poor access. The concentration of urban services in Kerman follows the center-periphery model, which means that as we move from the city center to the surrounding areas, the distribution of services is reduced. Areas with high population density also have high service density, and in areas with low population density, low facility density has been observed.

In a world that is rapidly urbanizing and changing, Sustainable Housing Strategy Considering the negative impacts of urban growth is proposed solutions to minimize urban challenges, especially in relation to housing.This research has investigated the sustainability of housing indicators through quantitative and qualitative method in urban areas by sustainable housing approach

The present article is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature. The method of collecting documentary-library information is such as the general census of population and housing in 2016 and the detailed plan for 2016. To analyze and analyze the Arc Catalog software for data preparation, the network analysis process model was used to weigh the criteria, and the Todim model and the Moran model were used to measure the stability of quantitative and qualitative housing indicators.

Research findings show, district 5 in region 3 (Niksazan, Valiasr, Zafaranieh, Shahryar, Mirdamad, Manzarieh, Laleh, Baharestan, Ansarieh) in terms of housing indicators is very stable. But the district 4in region6(Golshahr Kazemieh) and other low and middle-income regions areas such as district3 in region1(Islam Abad), district 5 in region 2(Bisim), district 2in region1 (Fatemieh, Shohada, Golgek Abad) are low stable. Totally, 27.5% of houses are very stable, 16.1% have low stability, 21.3% have a moderate stability, 11.6% have a high stability, and23.5% are very stable, which shows the instability of housing in all25 districts of Zanjan City. Also, the findings of the Moran Index shows that the spatial distribution of sustainability of quantitative and qualitative indicators of housing in25 districts of Zanjan City has a cluster pattern, Indicates a clear gap in terms of the sustainability of quantitative and qualitative indicators of housing in Zanjan25 districts

Therefore, in order to take the necessary measures to reduce spatial inequalities in the quality and quantity of housing in Zanjan city areas, it seems necessary to develop a codified program based on spatial justice to reduce its inequalities.

The theory of good urban governance is a new theory that makes it possible to implement sustainable development in society. The purpose of this study is to investigate the indicators of good governance in Kahnuj city and to try to identify the differences and similarities in the type of view and perception of key stakeholders in the subject of good governance (ie citizens, managers and experts) of governance indicators in Kahnuj.

The research method is quantitative in nature and in terms of descriptive-analytic purpose. The data gathering tool is a researcher-made questionnaire based on Kahnuj city governance indices. Kahnuj is the year that 380 members of the statistical population and 30 managers and experts of Kahnuj city were randomly sampled.

The findings of the study indicate that the overall score of the governance index is lower than the average for citizens (2.73) and for experts it is below average (2.86), indicating a low status of urban governance in both groups. Also, surveys showed that out of the seven main indicators of urban governance examined in this study, 70% of them had lower average citizen ratings than experts, and the only two indicators of participation and performance status were the opposite. Findings show that the most disagreement among citizens with managers and experts is in the indicators of transparency, consensus and accountability and the most common among them in the indicators of effectiveness and efficiency.

Therefore, reforms in the administrative, administrative and political structures, efficient and up-to-date laws, and in particular increased awareness of citizens about the laws, should include the end result of these proposals that can increase public confidence in the law and the Because its implementation will result in institutions and organizations of urban management.