مجله علوم پزشکی پارس
سال هجدهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 52، تابستان 1399)

Toxoplasmosis is one of the most common infectious diseases in the world caused by Toxoplasma gondii. Transmission of the parasite from mother to fetus during pregnancy, may lead to important clinical complications such as abortion or cerebral and ocular damages in neonatal. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of antibodies against T. gondii in the pregnant women in Jahrom.

In this cross-sectional study, blood samples were collected from 370 pregnant women who were in the first trimester of pregnancy. Data on socio-demographic characteristics of the participants were recorded simultaneously with sampling. Then, the sera were examined for the presence of IgG and IgM antibodies against T. gondii using the ELISA method. The results were statistically analyzed using SPSS v.16.

Anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM were detected in 109 (29.5%) and 2 (0.5%) pregnant women, respectively. There was no significant correlation between infection and age, education, place of residence, occupation, type of drinking water consumed, contact with cats, history of abortion, or history of abnormal birth (P> 0.05) but the association between infection and number of offspring was significant (P = 0.005).

According to the results, 70.5% of pregnant women had no anti-Toxoplasma antibody in the serum and they were not immune to Toxoplasma. Therefore, guidelines for the prevention of Toxoplasma infection should be incorporated into educational programs for the pregnant women.

Lumbar Hyperlordosis Anomalies are caused by increased lumbar curvature. This condition is the result of anterior rotation of the pelvis and flexion of the thigh. One of the ways to correct this anomaly is to use sports protocols, which have a special place in correcting this anomaly. Therefore, the aim of the present is to review the of corrective exercise protocols in people with lumbar lordosis disorders.

From internal and external search engines Scopus, Semantic Scholar, Google Scholar, Pubmed, ISC, SID, Magiran, Irandoc, Doaj with a time limit of 2013 to 2020 and the keywords Protocol, Hyperlordosis, Lumbar Lordosis, Corrective Exercises. The present study is a systematic review method (PRISMA).

A total of 10 articles were selected based on the criteria for entering the study. These studies mainly examined the effect of corrective exercise protocols on lumbar lordosis, pelvic tilt, tolerance, hamstring muscle flexibility, pelvic flexor flexibility, and lumbar muscle flexibility, abdominal muscle strength and endurance, hamstring strength, dynamic balance, pain, functional disability in people with lumbar hyperlordosis abnormalities.

Exercise protocols, especially National Academy of Sports Medicine (NASM) corrective exercises due to the use of a coherent method with flexibility, capacity to increase strength and neuromuscular control, exercise in different stable and unstable spaces and exercise on different sides of the movement that is the basis of corrective exercise and model The National Academy of Sports Medicine (NASM) Correctional Training Chain can be recommended as a holistic lumbar lordosis disorders correction protocol.

Among the free living amoeba, Naegleria fowleri and Naegleria australiensis are considered as the cause of death due to primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). As the water of swimming pools are the sources of free living amoeba, this study conducted to detection of Naegleria and identification of N.australiensis from swimming pools.

Eighty water samples were collected from 20 swimming pools of Kerman province in summer 2018 and the residual chlorine, pH and temperature were measured, then filtered and cultured. After morphological identification of amoeba, genus identification and species confirmation were performed by PCR and comparison of PCR product sequence in gene bank, respectively.

The temperature and residual chlorine of water were at standard level in 50% and 93.7%, respectively. Overall 8.75% of water swimming pool samples were contaminated with amoeba with similar morphology to Naegleria. The results of PCR were confirmed the present of Naegleria in 7 samples. The contamination percent was higher in men timetable (10%) and in one meter of wall of swimming pools (12.5%). Comparison of PCR products showed the high percentages of Identity and Query Coverage with recorded sequences of N.australiensis and it was deposited in NCBI with accession number MT292609.

The present research showed that 25% of swimming pools in Kerman province are contaminated with N. australiensis. Regarding to the pathogenic potential of N. australiensis for human and animals, it is necessary, the health workers think about for more disinfection of swimming pools water for preventing of possible infection.

Chemotherapy is one of the most common methods in cancer therapy that has always faced challenges. The aim of the present study was to develop nano-carriers containing paclitaxel chemotherapy drug and to investigate its toxicity on MCF-7 breast cancer cell line.

Three formulations of liposomal nano-carriers containing paclitaxel with different concentrations of phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol were fabricated using the thin film method. Then according to the loading rate of drug, one of the formulations was selected and pegylated. Percentage of drug loading into pegylated nano liposomes, drug release pattern in healthy and cancerous cell conditions, size and surface charge of nanoparticles (using DLS) and appearance of nanoparticles (using SEM) was evaluated. At the end, the toxicity of liposomal system containing drug and non liposome drug on mcf-7 cell line was evaluated by MTT assay.

The results showed that drug loading percentage, size, zeta potential of pegylated nano-carriers containing the drug were 90/6±2/35%, 49/4nm and -46/74±5/55mV, respectively. Release of the drug from the liposomal system is slow within 72 hours in normal and cancerous cell conditions. The appearance of the nanoparticles was smooth and spherical, and no chemical interaction was observed between the drug and the nano-carrier. Paclitaxel liposomal also had more toxicity to MCF-7 cell line breast than non-liposomal drug.

Based on the results, the liposomal formulation of this study can be recommended for further research in breast cancer with respect to its physicochemical properties

Separation anxiety disorder is considered to be the most common psychiatric disorder in children that seriously affects their mental health. So adopting treatment approaches for this disorder is very important. The purpose of this study was the effectiveness of filmtherapy (Inside-Out Film) on separation anxiety disorder (SAD) of Children Referred to Mashhad Counseling Centers.

The research method is single case study and A-B-A design. The sample people were 3 girls 11-12 years old with separation anxiety disorder in Mashhad in the academic year 2018- 2019 who referred to Ehya clinic with separation anxiety complaint that had been previously diagnosed by a psychiatrist. They were selected through purposive sampling method. The tools were Structured Clinical Interview (SCID-I) and Zang anxiety questionnaire. To analyze the data, the method of diagrams and calculating the recovery rate and percentage of all non-overlapping data (PAND) were used to evaluate the effect size.

The anxiety scores from Pre-test and post-test was reduced from 59 to 48 with recovery rate (23%) in the first patient, in the second patient from 52 to 44 with recovery rate (18%) and in the third patient from 50 to 40 with a recovery rate (25%).

Higher levels of fetuin-A and hypoadiponectinemia are associated with impaired glucose regulation and pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to the survey of   effectiveness of Regular Exercise training on Fetuin-A and Adiponectin levels in overweight postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).

  This semi experimental research, twenty sedentary overweight postmenopausal women with T2DM were selected through convenience sampling and then randomly divided into control and exercise groups (n=10). Training program consisted of 25-40 minutes of aerobic exercise at 50-70 percent of maximal heart rate, 3 sessions per week for 8 weeks. The plasma levels of Fetuin-A and Adiponectin using ELISA method and glucose levels via enzymatic colorimetric method were measured. Data were analyzed by paired and independent t tests. The level of statistical significance was set at P< 0.05.

Based on the results, 8 weeks of aerobic exercise were associated with decreased glucose levels (P = 0.002), Fetuin-A (P = 0.001) and body weight (P = 0.001), and also increased adiponectin (P <0.001) in the trained group compared to the control group.

It seems that regular aerobic exercise can mediate some of its beneficial effects in the pathological conditions of type 2 diabetes by lowering plasma levels of Fetuin-A and up-regulating adiponectin.

Eight weeks of resistance training with pomegranate juice supplementation on inflammatory / anti-inflammatory agents and some lipoproteins are for women with type 2 diabetes.

In this study, 40 type 2 diabetic women aged 40-55 years were selected by purposeful sampling and were randomly divided into four groups: control group (n = 10), resistance group (n = 10), water use group. Pomegranate (n = 10) and resistance training and water consumption group (n = 10). The experimental group performed resistance training three times per week for eight weeks at 30% of maximum repetition frequency and at the end of the eighth week reached 80% of maximum repetition frequency and the group consumed 100 cc pomegranate juice daily. Analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA with significance level (p˂0.05).            

The results showed that eight weeks of resistance training with pomegranate juice consumption significantly increased IL-10 levels (P = 0.000) and significantly decreased TNF-a, IL-6, and CRP levels (P = 0.000). There was also a significant decrease in LDL levels (P = 0.000) and a significant increase in HDL levels (P = 0.000) in women with type 2 diabetes.

The results showed that eight weeks of resistance training combined with pomegranate juice intake reduced inflammatory factors and increased anti-inflammatory markers in women with type 2 diabetes.