فصلنامه مطالعات میان فرهنگی
پیاپی 39 (تابستان 1398)

Migration, in its large scale, can alter some of the host country structures. Because of these migrations, different societies around the world have multiple cultural patterns attributed to different ethnicities. On the other hand, this phenomenon also affects the cultural identity of the Diaspora and their lifestyle.  Diasporas are a group of people who live far from their home country. They create their own lifestyle patterns and propagate it. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of contextual variables on the Iranian diaspora lifestyle living in British Columbia. In this study, we use Barry and Giddens' theories. The research method is sequential-explanatory design. The first stage was quantitative (questionnaire), and the second stage was qualitative (interview). The target population for this study was Iranian immigrants residing in British Columbia in 2018 (37166 people). The sample population was 380 of immigrants. In order to select the studied samples in the first and second stages, the researcher had to use a "Purposive" and "Snowball" sampling method. The validity and reliability of the instrument were confirmed. SPSS software and Amos software were used to model the structural equations.  The results showed that the role model among Iranians residing in British Columbia is the lifestyle integration/adaptation model, and all underlying variables, especially length of stay and marital status, played a mediating role in this model.

The townscape as a level of relation between human and the environment is recognizable by the objectivity of the place and according to the observer`s mentality has valuable specifics that shapes the memories. Although it is a collection of individual memories, also by emphasize on shared events be a reason to expand collective memories the purpose of this paper is to compare between the townscape of Berlin and Khorramshahr based on criteria driven from expert ideas and to achieve a degree of correlation between them. This research is in the field of applied research. In the process of this research different methods of historical research, comparison, content analysis, professional literature studies and Pearson correlation test have been used by SPSS software. The results of the study shows that there is five effective criteria to promote collective memory including historical names, past functions, signs (natural and artificial), collective beliefs, and rituals. According to Pearson test, the correlation coefficient of these criteria have the highest value compared to the other criteria. Finally, some strategies have been proposed to enhance the physical identity of Khorramshahr townscape with emphasis on collective memory.

The divergent trend of science and technology has begun almost 300 B.C. and continued until the middle of the twentieth century. The gradual separation of science from philosophy and then the creation of academic disciplines are two historical evidences of this claim. The industrial revolution and its consequences, the factory system, the professionalization approach in science and technology, and the analytic thinking, are the most important factors in creation the divergent trend of science and technology. Since the middle of the twentieth century, with the advent of two flows of "interdisciplinaries" and "emergent technologies", the convergence of science and technology has begun. The domination of "systemic thinking" instead of "analytic thinking" and as well as the "deprofessionalization" approach, instead of the "professionalization" approach, are two factors that influence this change of paradigm. In this paper, with a cultural-historical approach and the use of existing documents, we seek to explain the claim that the trend of science and technology has been diverging for several hundred years and gradually, in the mid-twentieth century, evidence of its convergence has been observed.

"self" and "other" are hostile Interpretation that in political and intercultural studies, lead to the separation between different communities and identities. In Laclau E and Mouff C's Discourse theory, this concept has been interpreted by specific constraints, as the engines that drive a discourse, they show the inevitability of the function of resistance and hostility.The search for these two concepts in James Morier's novel is a central theme of this article.Especially that according to the author's oriental viewpoint of Iranian society (external look), this book points to considerable contexts in judging and culturing an alien image of Iranian culture and relationships. In this article, after defining and interpreting of "self" and "other", the position and importance of "The Adventures of Hajji Baba of Ispahan" are mentioned as an entry on study of Iranian political and social morals and ethics. After discussing these two topics, the different sides and proportions of "self" and "other" were extracted from the book and according to discursive approach, some of the exaggerations and attributions of this allegorical-fantasy story were evaluated by the actions and morals of the Iranians of the Qajar era. The results that explain intensification of some "self" and "other" and deepening hostile relationships in the form of this book. Representing these contradictions, while pointing to gap in cross-cultural understanding, has emphasized the need to cross over the concepts in the book and more accuracy in readout.

The divergent trend of science and technology has begun almost 300 B.C. and continued until the middle of the twentieth century. The gradual separation of science from philosophy and then the creation of academic disciplines are two historical evidences of this claim. The industrial revolution and its consequences, the factory system, the professionalization approach in science and technology, and the analytic thinking, are the most important factors in creation the divergent trend of science and technology. Since the middle of the twentieth century, with the advent of two flows of "interdisciplinaries" and "emergent technologies", the convergence of science and technology has begun. The domination of "systemic thinking" instead of "analytic thinking" and as well as the "deprofessionalization" approach, instead of the "professionalization" approach, are two factors that influence this change of paradigm. In this paper, with a cultural-historical approach and the use of existing documents, we seek to explain the claim that the trend of science and technology has been diverging for several hundred years and gradually, in the mid-twentieth century, evidence of its convergence has been observed.

Having a profound effect on the process of the formation of post-war currents, the painting of war has emerged in a particular discourse context. In this paper, both text and context are studied. Due to the exceptional subject matter and ability of LaclauMov's theory of discourse in explaining all socio-political phenomena, this theory has been considered as a theoretical framework and the paintings of holy defense and their representations of war and the production of new discourse have been discussed. Since paintings are an important source of representation of the state of war, a number of artists' works during the holy defense were subsequently analyzed by discourse and read text and context through selected samples of war and postwar paintings. The war and post-war paintings constitute this research data, and several samples are selected from. The selection was based on discourse analysis and textual analysis and purposive sampling was used to choose the statistical society. The following research indicates that the concepts of guardianship, martyrdom, martyr, defense, resistance, jihad, etc. in Iranian culture mixed with Islamic culture have been considered sacred in the war and reestablished by discourse. Referring to these concepts and elements, the mythical symbols in the images, reestablishing of the concept “holy”, and the central signification of some of the key artists’ works in these two periods became apparent in this research. The discourse of the revolution painting is encountered with that of war under the influence of socio-political factors and the shift of relations’ power with fundamental changes in the way in which the war is represented