مجله سبک زندگی اسلامی با محوریت سلامت
سال سوم شماره 5 (پیاپی 13، زمستان 1398)

Spiritual-religious beliefs can influence marital life because of the norms and discourses it creates.Therefore this study was done aimed to evaluation the role of coupleschr('39') similar spiritual-religious beliefs on marital health and mediator role of constructive communication, love and commitment.

The method of this study was descriptive and path analysis. Statistical population consisted of all married people in Band Abbas city in 2019. The sample studied were all 310 individuals who were selected by random cluster sampling. For collection data was used from researcher-made of Marital Attractions Questionnaire (MAC) and Index of Marital Satisfaction (IMS). Data Analyzing was conducted with Pearson correlation, multiple regression, and path analysis and also SPSS-22 software and the Preacher and Hayes macro program.

The results of the data analysis showed that the similar spiritual-religious beliefs, constructive communication, love and commitment can explain 75.4% of marital health variance. The similar spiritual-religious beliefs could explain 17.9% of constructive communication variance as well as 25.1% of love variance, but it could not predict commitment. The results of indirect effects also showed that the similar spiritual-religious beliefs had a negative effect on lack of marital health through constructive communication and love respectively -11.3% and 4.4%.

Marital relationship can be directly and indirectly influenced by the couplechr('39')s spiritual-religious beliefs. Spirituality and religion can enhance marital health by enhancing the couple relationship as well as increasing the love and friendship between them. The results of this study can be an achievement in conducting spiritual-religious interventions in the couplechr('39')s area.

Pain intensity and catastrophizing along with psychological distress is an important problem in patients with multiple sclerosis. The aim of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness therapy based on Islamic-Iranian approaches on pain intensity, pain catastrophizing and psychological distress in women with multiple sclerosis.

This study was a quasi-experimental pretest - posttest with control group. The study population was consisted of all women with multiple sclerosis who were members of Iran multiple sclerosis Society at 2019. The sample consisted of 30 (15 for each group) women with multiple sclerosis that were selected by as a voluntary and randomly recruits to each of groups. Then, the participants in the experimental group participated in 8 sessions of 90 min of mindfulness therapy based on Islamic-Iranian approaches, while the control group did not receive any therapy. Instruments for gathering data were West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory (1995), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (1995) and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (2003). Then, the data were analyzed using SPSS.v21 software and statistical tests such as MANCOVA and ANCOVA.

The results of ANCOVA indicate that the mindfulness therapy based on Islamic-Iranian approaches had significant impact on pain intensity (F=19.17, P=0.000) and psychological distress (F=42.81, P=0.000). Furthermore, results of MANCOVA showed that mindfulness therapy based on Islamic-Iranian approaches had significant impact on pain catastrophizing (F=34.77, P=0.000) and subscales of rumination (F=208.77, P=0.000) and magnification (F=5.20, P=0.000).

Based on the findings of this study, mindfulness therapy based on Islamic-Iranian approaches decreases pain intensity, pain catastrophizing and psychological distress in women with multiple sclerosis and represents new horizons in clinical interventions and thus could be used as an effective interventional method.  So, it seems that this intervention is an applicable treatment for women with multiple sclerosis.

Womenchr('39')s employment has an important impact in women mental health. The aim of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness based on activating spiritual-Islamic schemas on affect control and sense of self-worth among employed women.

This study was a quasi-experimental pretest - posttest with control group. The study population was consisted of all employed women of Tehran City in 2020 who worked in one of the private organizations. The sample consisted of 30 (15 for each group) employed women that were selected by as a voluntary and randomly recruits to each of groups. Then, the participants in the experimental group participated in 8 sessions of 90 min of mindfulness based on activating spiritual-Islamic, while the control group did not receive any therapy. Instruments for gathering data were Affective Control Scale (1977) and Sense of Self-Worth Scale (2003). Then, the data were analyzed using statistical tests such as MANCOVA.

The results of ANCOVA indicate that the mindfulness based on activating spiritual-Islamic had significant impact on affect control (F=72.891, P=0.000) and sense of self-worth (F=15.680, P=0.001). In other words, mindfulness based on activating spiritual-Islamic improves affect control and sense of self-worth in employed women.

Based on the findings of this study, mindfulness based on activating spiritual-Islamic schemas improves affect control and sense of self-worth in employed women and represents new horizons in clinical interventions and thus could be used as an effective interventional method.  So, it seems that this intervention is an applicable treatment for employed women.

Job Stress along with psychological distress is an important problem in nurses. The aim of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral spiritual therapy on job stress and psychological distress among intensive care unit nurses.

This study was a quasi-experimental pretest - posttest with control group. The study population was consisted of all intensive care unit nurses of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran City in 2020. The sample consisted of 30 (15 for each group) intensive care unit nurse that were selected by as a voluntary and randomly recruits to each of groups. Then, the participants in the experimental group participated in 8 sessions of 90 min of cognitive-behavioral spiritual therapy, while the control group did not receive any therapy. Instruments for gathering data were Cohenchr('39')s Job Stress Questionnaire (1964) and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (2003). Then, the data were analyzed using SPSS.v21 software and statistical tests such as MANCOVA and ANCOVA.

The results of MANCOVA showed that cognitive-behavioral spiritual therapy had significant impact on Job Stress (F=34.77, P=0.000) and subscales of imaginary inefficiency (F=208.77, P=0.000) and ambiguity and limitation (F=5.20, P=0.000). Furthermore, the results of ANCOVA indicate that the cognitive-behavioral spiritual therapy had significant impact on psychological distress (F=42.81, P=0.000).

Based on the findings of this study, cognitive-behavioral spiritual therapy decreases Job Stress and psychological distress in intensive care unit nurses and represents new horizons in clinical interventions and thus could be used as an effective interventional method.  So, it seems that this intervention is an applicable treatment for intensive care unit nurse.

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of family- based Islamic – Iranian oriented psychological program on the reduction of aggression and increasing of adjustment among couples. This study was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with the control group. The study population consisted of all parent of students of the first course of high-school from Babol in the academic year of 2018- 2019. The sample consisted of 20 (10 couple) parent that were selected by as an available and randomly recruits to each of groups. Then, the participants in the experimental group participated in 10 sessions of 90 min of family- based Islamic – Iranian oriented psychological program, while the control group did not receive any therapy. Instruments for gathering data were Aggression Questionnaire (Buss & Perry, 1992) and Spanir Adjustment Scale (1976). Then, the data were analyzed using SPSS.v21 software and statistical tests such as MANCOVA. The results indicate that family- based Islamic – Iranian oriented psychological program had a significant impact on the aggression and marital adjustment of couples. Based on the findings of this study, family- based Islamic – Iranian oriented psychological program can decrease aggression and increase marital adjustment among couples and thus could be used as an effective interventional method.

Certainly in the wake of todaychr('39')s limitless problems of todaychr('39')s society, such as rising divorce rates, materialism, neglect, luxury, tendency to hijab, addiction ... all of which are rooted in these lifestyle issues. Therefore, the choice of any lifestyle is in all aspects of onechr('39')s life, and among all the styles of life, the Islamic religion has provided the best and most appropriate way, the Islamic lifestyle has plans for all aspects of how people live. But this issue needs to be contextualized, so this article examines some of the cultural deterrents and their solutions in the Qurchr('39')an and Nahjul Balagheh.

Considering that nurses play the most important role in providing health services in hospitals, identification of effective factors on the general health of nurses has a direct impact on the quality of care provision. One of the factors that seem to be related to general health is religiosity. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the relationship between religiosity and general health in menopausal nurses of the hospitals in Iran.

This descriptive study was conducted on 123 postmenopausal nurses in 2017. Data were collected using the General Health Questionnaire (CHQ-28) and Glock & Stark Religion Questionnaire.

The sample consisted of 123 nurses with an average age of 46/3±6/18 years old. According to the findings of this study, most nurses are at a desirable level in terms of religion but the average score of nurseschr('39') general health was not anticipated. Finally, a meaningful correlation between the total score of religiosity and its components with the general score of general health was founded.

Generally religiosity is related to general health and its dimensions. Since postmenopausal nurses are confronted with multiple stresses, religiosity can enhance their general health so offering religious programs suiting different cultures are recommended

Abstract</strong>
The aim of the present research is to identify the effective components of criticizing the authorities’ words and performance based on justice in Islamic lifestyle from the viewpoint of Quran and religious quotes. The current study has been conducted upon inductive analysis with a coding system through documentation method. According to the findings, four main categories including ration-orientation, justice-orientation, ethics-orientation, and gentry-orientation were determined to encompass eleven components as the most important ones in criticizing the words and performance, including awareness, righteousness, politeness in fair criticism, criticizing based on wisdom, avoiding precipitancy, loss of exception in criticism, criticizing oneself before others, being neutral in criticism, reinforcing the criticized individual’s character via constructive criticism, and indirect criticism. Apparently, consideration of these components by critics and those in charge of correcting the authorities’ performance will cut down on the challenges and damages with which justice-based criticism may confront.</div>

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The aim of this study was to predict academic motivation based on self-concept with mediation of attention in students with learning disabilities.

The study method was basic research and in terms of data collection and analysis method was descriptive and the type of correlation schemes and structural equation modeling. The population of all students with learning disabilities in the first grade of high school in Tehran in the academic year of 1998-99. The sample included 300 of these students. The sampling method in this study was multi-stage cluster in the first stage and purposeful in the second stage. The study tools included the Colorado Wilcott et al.chr('39')s Learning Disabilities Handbook (2011), the Harter Academic Motivation Questionnaire (1981), the Rogers Self-Concept Scale (1957), and the Rescue Attention Test (2015).

The results showed that self-concept has a direct effect on academic motivation of students with learning disabilities. Also, the hypothesis related to the existence of indirect effect of perceived self-concept on academic motivation of students with learning disabilities due to attention with 95% confidence was confirmed (p <0.05).

The results showed that there was a significant positive relationship between self-concept and academic motivation directly and through attention mediation.

 The main purpose of this article is to identify the factors that develop the education of working children. The method of conducting research is mixed (qualitative-quantitative).

In order to conduct this research, in addition to the documentary study, the content analysis technique with MAXQDA12 software was used to identify the factors and components. The statistical population in this study was all experts in the field of education, which was conducted after 11 interviews, and all interviews lasted between 50 and 90 minutes. In addition, semi-structured interviews with university experts in 2009 were conducted in the form of open source, axial and selective codes, and the Demetel method was used to determine the effectiveness and influence of the components. According to the semi-structured interviews, 205 open codes and 113 central codes were extracted for the development of education of working children, which finally resulted in 3 dimensions (health-individual education, socio-cultural education and education of knowledge and academic and professional skills. ) And 8 main components and 43 indicators for the development of working children education were extracted.

The results showed that the three components of physical health and health, mental health and moral education are effective components and the components of cultural-communication (collective) characteristics, selected teachers, educational facilities, vocational training, respectively. E-content and tutoring services are influential components.

The results showed that paying attention to the education of working children protects them from serious social harms.

The aim of this study was to investigate and present a paradigm model of talent management development in the first year of secondary education in Tehran based on the Grounded theory.

The research method was qualitative and for this purpose a semi-structured individual interview was used. The present society in the qualitative stage is the sample teachers of the first secondary school of Tehran who in The last two years in Tehran as exemplary teachers in the fields Educational, research and cultural were selected, formed according to by theoretical saturation and through purposive sampling, 18 of these teachers were selected as a statistical sample. Data were analyzed using Atlas-Ti software.

The results of data analysis during three stages of open, axial and selective coding indicated 12 general categories in the form of a paradigm model including: causal conditions (systemic changes and managerial changes); Central category (professional management of the individual in the organization and psychological-mental management of the individual in the organization); Strategies (project implementation measures); Underlying factors (environmental, structural and manpower background space); Interventional factors (functional changes and necessary structural changes in schools) and outcome (psychological cognitive achievements and scientific-educational achievements) reflect the process of developing the talent management of teachers in the first year of high school in Tehran and the relationships between its various dimensions.

The results showed that talent management with systemic changes And managerial changes are realized.

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of empathy skill training on intimacy, marital adjustment and tendency to spirituality among women with addict husband.

This study was a quasi-experimental pretest - posttest with control group. The study population was consisted of all women with addict husband from Babol in 2018. The sample consisted of 30 (15 for each group) women with addict husband that were selected by as an availably and randomly recruits to each of groups. Then, the participants in the experimental group participated in 8 sessions of 120 min of empathy skill training, while the control group did not receive any therapy. Instruments for gathering data were Intimacy Scale developed by Walker and Thompson (1983) and Spanir Adjustment Scale (1976) and Tendency to Spirituality Questionnaire (2012). Then, the data were analyzed using SPSS.v21 software and statistical tests such as MANCOVA and ANCOVA.

The results indicate thay the empathy skill training had significant impact on marital adjustment and tendency to spirituality among women with addict husband, But this training had no significant impact on marital intimcy.

Based on the findings of this study, empathy skill training can increase marital adjustment and tendency to spirituality among women with addict husband and thus could be used as an effective interventional method.

The aim of this study was to design a justice-oriented leadership model in the management of primary schools in Tehran.

The method of exploratory research was mixed. Qualitative stage data were collected first by studying the documents and in the second stage by using interviews with educational experts. In the qualitative stage, 15 people were interviewed; From these interviews, during three stages of qualitative data analysis, open, coded and selective coding, 6 general categories and 16 sub-categories were obtained, which in the form of a paradigm model, reflected justice-oriented leadership in primary school management. From the analysis of qualitative stage data, a questionnaire and a preliminary model were designed and finally implemented and analyzed with the participation of 302 primary school principals in Tehran.

In the analytical findings section, in addition to content validity, the structural validity of the questionnaire was determined using structural equation modeling software. For this purpose, the method of confirmatory factor analysis was used. Is. According to the GOF fit index, it can be said that the research model has a suitable and strong fit. Also, the results of one-sample t-test showed that the current situation of justice-oriented leadership in the management of primary schools in Tehran is optimal.

According to the results of Friedman test, the amount of differences in the dimensions and components of justice-oriented leadership has been different.

 The present study was conducted to design and explain the human resource performance management model based on the Islamic-Iranian model of progress in the Court of Audit.

The mixed research method is exploratory. The statistical population in the qualitative section included academic and organizational experts who were interviewed using a total of 20 people using purposive non-random sampling method and data adequacy and saturation principle. Also, in the quantitative part, including all official and contract staff of the Court of Audit, 2287 people, the sample size was estimated using 290 people using the "Cochranchr('39')s formula" and random sampling method was used to select the sample. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data in the qualitative section and a researcher-made questionnaire was used in the quantitative section. Analysis of qualitative data, using theoretical coding method with data theory approach and quantitative part, inferential descriptive statistical methods were used, which were supported by Lisrel-V9.2 and Spss-V22, MAXQDA software in all stages.

Finally, based on the identified dimensions, intervening factors, and human resource performance management strategies based on the Islamic-Iranian model, the relevant progress was presented based on the data theory of the foundation, which was confirmed using validation method.

The results of this study showed that the central phenomenon of human resource performance management based on the Islamic-Iranian model of progress includes 10 components (common culture and values, structure, motivation, human resource competencies, management, planning, monitoring and evaluation Includes teaching and learning, communication and follow-up and improvement).

The purpose of this study was to analyze the components of virtual reality from the point of view of virtual competencies.

The method of this research has been selected as a qualitative method, from the type of content analysis, using the deductive categorization system. The present study, as a virtual reality program design model, from the point of view of virtual competencies for all planners and those involved in education and different dimensions of the country, provides the possibility to seriously review the competencies of the people of the country with a new perspective. Have virtual training courses in all courses and most importantly.

According to the findings, virtual competence was divided into three components: knowledge, attitude and performance. In the component of knowledge (analysis of technical competencies of virtual reality engineering, simulated three-dimensional system, emphasis on exploratory learning, e-learning, interactive learning, potential for scientific and scientific development, unlimited learning, new knowledge in practical potential, systematic learning) And emphasizes the component of attitude (creating personal meaning, developing educational justice, increasing self-confidence and success, the ideal attitude of promoting a sense of competence, technical breadth and dispersion of positive and strong attitude) and in the component of performance (facilitating position recognition, distance education, Communication interaction, computer-based training, design of enriched models, application of special tools, creation of artificial world, creative performance) were clustered.

The results showed that virtual competence had three components of knowledge, attitude and performance.

The purpose of this study was to explain and analyze extravagance in lawful work from the perspective of the Holy Quran and its educational requirements.

This research explains and analyzes extravagance in lawful works from the perspective of the Holy Quran and its educational requirements by using the method of deductive content analysis with the method of Meering.

Extravagance in lawful deeds such as (extravagance in eating and drinking halal, extravagance in the use of ornaments, extravagance in the use of natural resources, extravagance in worship, extravagance in charity, extravagance in judicial rulings, lack of extravagance in murder and the quality of murderer retaliation , Extravagance in economic affairs, extravagance in living expenses, extravagance in covenants, extravagance in social associations) are examined, such as (excessive in all matters, lack of arrogance and its destructive effects, extravagance, lack of extravagance). In deeds and words, not oppressing others, avoiding corruption, not extravagance in forgiveness and the effects of excessive forgiveness, forbidding excesses and extravagance in almsgiving, not extravagance in spending the treasury, not restraining in spending, not believing in the stingy Divine promises are concealment of divine blessings, ingratitude, trust in God's grace, avoidance of stinginess, etc.) have been extracted according to the interpretations of the Qur'an.

According to the results of the religion of Islam, the legitimate exploitation of divine blessings and the possibilities of life is permissible, permissible and extravagant, and extravagance is forbidden. This is because the Muslim is responsible to society in proportion to his capabilities and ability and efficiency.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of emotion-oriented therapy on the components of marital intimacy of student couples.

The present research method was a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test design with unequal control group. The statistical population included all student couples in Farhangian University of Tehran, consisting of 50 couples (100 people) who referred to the university counseling center in 1396. Using available sampling method, a sample of 16 couples in the experimental group and 16 couples in the control group were selected from the community. The experimental group underwent 8 sessions of 90-minute emotion training and the control group remained on the waiting list. The instrument used was the intimacy questionnaire (Bahrami and Olia, 2006), the data were analyzed by multivariate covariance test.

The test results showed that emotion-oriented treatment was effective on the level of marital intimacy and psychological, religious, socio-recreational, sexual, emotional, intellectual, physical and communication components of student couples at the alpha level of 0.01.

Based on the findings, emotion-oriented approach can be used as an intervention method in increasing marital intimacy

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on anxiety in individuals with borderline personality disorder.

The present study was applied in terms of purpose and quasi-experimental in terms of pre-test-post-test and follow-up with the control group. The statistical population of this study included all women with borderline personality disorder who referred to counseling and psychotherapy centers in Tehran between January and March 2017. To identify borderline personality traits and to be placed in two groups of normal and borderline personality, people who get a score of 12 and above based on clinical psychology interview and borderline personality questionnaire enter the research. The sample was selected by available sampling method due to the limitation of sampling patients. In this study, data were obtained through the borderline personality test (Claridge and Brooks, 2001) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Data analysis was performed in descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (Mankova method and analysis of variance with repeated measures).

The findings showed that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy is effective on anxiety in people with borderline personality disorder.

In general, based on the results of this study, it can be said that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy can be an effective treatment for personality disorders, especially borderline personality disorder.

The main purpose of this study is to design an employee competency model based on the type of government organizations in Iran.

The present study is an applied research in terms of purpose and on the other hand, considering that the data required for this research have been obtained using a questionnaire, it is exploratory. The statistical population of this study is two groups (1. Academic experts and organizational experts 2. Managers and employees of government organizations). The statistical sample of this research includes 200 senior managers of government organizations in 4 provinces of Tehran, Gilan, East Azerbaijan and Ardabil and other experts and experts in this field. Also in this research, 3 methods of content analysis, Chang's fuzzy hierarchical analysis process and fuzzy inference system (FIS) and using MATLAB software to design and develop a competency model of employees based on the type of Iranian government organizations have been discussed.

The results showed that the competencies of the employees were divided into two general and specialized sections. In the general competencies section, three criteria of technical competence, behavioral competence and functional competence were identified, and in specialized competencies, six criteria of leadership competence, emotional intelligence competence, social intelligence competence, problem-solving competence competence, conflict management competence and human resource management competence were identified.

The results of developing different scenarios in the form of competency models and using fuzzy inference showed that with increasing or decreasing specialized and general criteria, staff competencies changed.

The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of the combined education package of attention and attachment training on the quality of mother-child attachment and symptoms of attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder in primary school students in Isfahan.

The statistical population included all primary school female students with ADHD symptoms in the academic year 1397-1397 who had referred to counseling centers in the education district. The sampling method of this study was available and 30 mothers with their hyperactive child were selected and assigned to experimental and control groups. Then the revised list of attachment to parents (to measure the perception of attachment to parents) and Connors questionnaire (parent form) (to measure the rate of hyperactivity disorder of the child from the mother's point of view) were distributed among mothers and integrated training package Training was performed on hyperactive mothers and children in the experimental group for 12 sessions, but the control group remained without any intervention. At the end of the treatment intervention, both groups completed the questionnaires.

Data analysis was performed at two levels of descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (analysis of covariance) by SPSS software version 23. The results showed that all research hypotheses were confirmed (P <0.05). Attachment training has been effective in increasing the quality of mother-child attachment and reducing the symptoms of attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder in students.

From these findings, it can be concluded that the combined education of attention and attachment increases the quality of mother-child attachment and reduces the symptoms of attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder in students.

The aim of this study was to identify the factors of professional development of Iranian school principals in order to provide a suitable model with a qualitative-exploratory approach and using thematic analysis with inductive approach.

The research environment included the first category of resources of valid Internet databases and scientific databases in the period 2004 to 2020 and 2008 to 1399 in the field of professional development studies of managers. In order to collect the initial themes, 68 articles and internal and external books were studied in a series of purposive sampling method (instead of selecting a fixed sample, the sample size increases until it is enough). Reached theoretical saturation. After coding and categorizing 118 primary themes, its content validity was performed in two

qualitative and quantitative (checking the degree of agreement of each theme using content validity coefficient). Using Holstie coefficient, the reliability of the themes was estimated to be 0.96.

The network of themes consisting of 3 comprehensive themes (individual, internal, external) and 9 organizing themes and 104 basic themes were drawn. The factors identified in this study show that the professional development of school principals is the basis for the development of education. Because leadership in schools has a direct impact on learners and plays a key role in developing the quality of student learning.

It is obvious that the professional development of principals is a means to survive and improve the effectiveness of schools

The present study has provided a model for customer interaction training on the theoretical data application of the foundation.

research method in terms of objectives; Applied, it is an emerging foundation in terms of qualitative data and in terms of the type of data study. The statistical population includes all experts in the relevant field. Based on the purposeful method of conscious snowball sampling and based on theoretical saturation, 15 experts formed the research sample size. The research assessment tool consisted of a semi-structured interview form, in which dimensions, components And the indicators of the customer interaction training model in Saman Bank were adjusted based on open coding, axial coding. It was sent to 15 experts in the relevant field and with the help of selective coding through interviews, Delphi technique and intellectual rain on the experts and this process continued until theoretical saturation.

After the final approval and prioritization of experts regarding the dimensions, components and components of the model, this important issue was drawn in the form of a model, and the model was validated by experts again. The method of data analysis was qualitative and finally, respectively. Priority 6 Dimensions: 1- Specialized 2- Individual 3- Managerial 4- Organizational 5- Capital Management 6- Communication and 25 components: knowledge, skills, behavior, attitude, physical, mental, emotional, discipline and seriousness, general, specialized, experience And prior knowledge, technical and specialized, educational, ability to evaluate, delegation, access to information, job enrichment, identification, networking, maintenance, deployment, evaluation and promotion, expectations, performance and follow-up. And 146 indicators were finalized for the model.

What are the findings of the present study regarding the components of this model? 25 constructive components obtained: knowledge, skills, behavior, attitude, physical, mental, emotional, discipline and seriousness, general, specialized, previous experience and knowledge, technical and specialized, educational, ability to evaluate, delegation, access Information, job enrichment, identification, networking, maintenance, deployment, evaluation and promotion, expectations, performance and follow-up.