مجله آموزش پرستاری
سال نهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 40، خرداد و تیر 1399)

Due to the remarkable advances in the field of intensive care, it has been possible to assist critically ill patients and this has led to a longer life expectancy in those with very poor prognosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the perceived self-efficacy of nurses with palliative care education.

This study was an experimental study conducted in 2019. The study population included of nurses working in Maybod and Aardakan hospitals that 80 were selected by random sampling. The intervention consisted of teaching the concept of palliative care for four 60 minute sessions. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and Palliative Care Self-Efficacy Scale (PCSES). Questionnaires were completed by the subjects before and after education. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16 software using descriptive and analytical statistics (univariate covariance analysis).

The mean age of participants in the intervention group was 38.6 years and work experience was 14.25 years, which was significantly higher than the control group. In both groups, the majority of participants were female (85%) and had a bachelor's degree (92.5%). Mean scores of perceived self-efficacy and its dimensions in the pre-test were significantly different between the two groups and were higher in the intervention group than the control group. After controlling for the effect of age, work experience and pre-test scores, using ANCOVA test, it was found that the mean perceived self-efficacy score and its dimensions in the intervention group were significantly higher than the control group (P <0.001).

Findings of the analysis of covariance showed that palliative care training was effective in promoting perceived self-efficacy. Thus, educational intervention based on palliative care approach can be used as an effective intervention in promoting perceived self-efficacy and its dimensions in nurses.

Asthma is an important and chronic lung disease that in addition to having a negative impact on the quality of life of patients causes high mortality. Nowadays, one of the new methods of education in nursing is virtual education through smartphones. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of virtual education on quality of life in asthmatic patients in Tohid Hospital in Sanandaj. 

This study was performed semi-experimentally in 2018 on 70 patients with asthma. The samples were randomly selected and then placed in two groups of intervention and control (35 people in each group) by quadruple random blocking method. Data collection tools, personal information form and quality of life questionnaire were provided to the intervention group. The control group also received routine care at the same time. The data were collected in two stages before and after the intervention and entered into SPSS version 21 and then analyzed and analyzed. The Chlomogorov-Smirnov test was used to test the variability of the variables, and the Kai-Square test, independent t-test, and covariance analysis were used to analyze the data.

The mean score of quality of life before intervention was 2.21 in the intervention group and 2.17 in the control group, which did not show a significant difference (p = 0.09). But the mean score of quality of life after the intervention was 2.05 in the intervention group and 2.17 in the control group. Covariance analysis test showed a significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.001).

The results of this study showed that virtual education can be effective in improving the quality of life of patients with asthma. Accordingly, it is suggested that virtual education be considered as a useful, up-to-date and practical training method in nursing care programs.
Keywords: Asthma, Quality of Life, Virtual Education.

Patients with multiple sclerosis need a comprehensive nursing care program because of the chronic and complex nature of the disease. Nursing models can provide a framework and goals for the nursing process to provide more effective and comprehensive clinical care. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of applying nursing process based on Johnson Behavioral Model on improving stable behaviors client with multiple sclerosis (MS).

In this case study, the nursing process was presented by a client with multiple sclerosis who met the MS criteria in Hamadan in 2019. In the Nursing assessment and Recognition phase, data were collected based on the "Johnson Behavioral Model scale" by observation, interview and physical examination. Data sources were the client herself, her family, physician, and medical record and MS staff. Nursing diagnoses were formulated as stable and unstable behaviors. And caring goals were set and shared with the client to increase stable behaviors and reduce or eliminate unstable behaviors. Nursing measures were performed and evaluated to achieve the goals. Data analysis was presented using the table.

The results of the study showed that the client had unstable behaviors in four behavioral subsystems (inefficiency in, Aggressive- protective, Elimination, restorative and sexual subsystems). Unstable behaviors decreased after planned nursing measures.

Johnson's behavioral model was useful in modifying and correcting the unstable behavior. So providing care based on nursing models, can increase the quality of care and client satisfaction.

Mothers of mentally retarded children have many psychological problems and psychological well-being training is one of the relatively new training methods for improving psychological characteristics. Therefore, present research aimed to determine the effect of psychological well-being training on distress tolerance, mind wandering and depression of mothers with mentally retarded children.

This study was a semi-experimental with pretest and posttest design with control group. The research population was mothers of mentally retarded students of 15 region of Tehran city in 2019-20 academic years, which 30 mother were selected by available sampling method after reviewing the criteria for entering the study and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups (15 mothers in each group). The experimental group trained 10 sessions of 90-minutes with the method of psychological well-being (two sessions a week) and the control group didn’t receive training. Data collected with the Simons and Gaher distress tolerance scale and questionnaires of Mrazek and et al mind wandering and Beck and et al depression and analyzed with the methods of chi-square, independent t and multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS version 19.

The findings showed that the experimental and control groups in the pretest stage didn’t have any significant difference in terms of distress tolerance, mind wandering and depression (P>0.05), but the groups in the posttest stage had a significant difference in terms of all three variables (P<0.05). In the other words, the psychological well-being training led to increase distress tolerance and decrease mind wandering and depression of mothers with mentally retarded children (P<0.001)

Regarded to the effective of psychological well-being training in improving the psychological characteristics in mothers of mentally retarded children, it is recommended that health professionals and therapists used from psychological well-being training method to increase distress tolerance and decrease mind wandering and depression.

In today's competitive world, economic development will not be possible without entrepreneurial human resources. Meanwhile, the education system plays an important role in cultivating such forces for the country, because it is impossible to train entrepreneurial human resources with non-entrepreneurial teachers, and Farhangian University is the core of the entrepreneurial human resource development system. Therefore,the present study aimed to provide a model for the development of entrepreneurial human resources and its validation.

The present study is a methodological study that was conducted with a qualitative-quantitative approach. In the qualitative section, 19 experts and activists in the field of entrepreneurship and policy-making in the field of human resources at Farhangian University in the first six months of 2020 participated in an in-depth semi-structured interview using targeted sampling. To analyze the semi-structured interviews, the foundation data strategy, and the systematic design of Strauss and Corbin (2014) were used to design the model used. Then, with the MAXQDA software version 12, the concepts of the interviews were extracted and the main and sub-variables were obtained. In the quantitative section, to validate the proposed model, a researcher-made questionnaire was prepared and after ensuring formal and content validity among 74 members of the faculty of Farhangian University, the second version was analyzed by simple random sampling of statistical data with PLS software.

In the qualitative section, 14 pivotal categories were identified in five axes: contextual, causal conditions, strategies, intervening factors, and consequences. In the quantitative section, the results of confirmatory factor analysis (x2/df=2.09, RMR = 0.1, GFI = 0.9, NFI = 0.9, CFI = 0.9, IFI = 0.9, TLI=0.8) showed that the pattern designed for the entrepreneurial human resource development system in students has a very good.

In the qualitative section, 14 key categories including socio-cultural factors, economic factors, institutional factors, strategies, management, material and immaterial resources, development, motivation, the academic community, social development, desirable entrepreneurial ecosystem, university level and education system in improving the development system. Entrepreneur-oriented human resources were identified in students. Also, considering the positive role of entrepreneurship and the importance of this category, it is suggested that the entrepreneurial human resources course be included in the students' curriculum.

Cognitive factors play a large role in the learning process; therefore purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive simulation techniques group training on academic procrastination and academic engagement in nursing students.

The present study is a Semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, and control group in 2019. The statistical population of the study consisted of all 384 undergraduate female nursing students of Gorgan School of Nursing and Midwifery that they had academic procrastination. Participants voluntarily responded to the academic procrastination questionnaire. The number of 30 students who had the most academic procrastination scores was selected and Simple randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The academic engagement questionnaire and academic procrastination questionnaire were used. Cognitive Simulation Techniques Training was applied to the experimental group in 8 sessions with 90 minute. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance with spss18 software.

The results showed that the mean and standard deviation of academic engagement in the pre-test of the experimental group was (51.30 ±4.11) and the control group was (50.24±4.78) and in the post-test of the experimental group was (79.24± 4.01) and the control group  (50.19. ± 4.88) was obtained. The mean and standard deviation of academic procrastination in the pre-test of the experimental group of (60.14 ±8.95) and control of 60.20 ± 8.22 and in the post-test of the experimental group of (34.28 ± 5.58) and control of (61.96 ± 6.24) was obtained. Generally results showed that cognitive simulation techniques group training has a significant effect on academic engagement and academic lagging at the level of (P <0.001).

The results of this study showed that cognitive simulation techniques group training can be effective in academic engagement and academic procrastination of nursing students. Therefore, educators in the medical education system can use this method as a facilitator in learning nursing students.

Patients with cancer experience a range of symptoms, including pain and a variety of physical and psychological distress, which negatively affects the quality of life of these patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Dignity therapy on quality of life in patients with cancer.

In this clinical trial, 76 cancer patients were studied by available methods among patients referred to Iran Mehr Hospital in Birjand in 1397-1398 and were randomly assigned to two groups of dignity therapy and control. Quality of life was assessed by Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30(QLQ-C30) at baseline and 4 weeks after the intervention. The data were analyzed in SPSS (version 16) using the paired t-test, Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney U, and t-dependent tests.

Mean scores of quality of life in functional dimension, symptom dimension and general quality of life dimension before intervention were not significantly different between groups (p = 0.72), (p = 0.78) and (p = 0.70), while after the intervention in the functional dimension and the general quality of life dimension was significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.04). Before and after dignity therapy, the mean score of functional of quality of life dimension (p <0.001) and the mean score of the general quality of life dimension in the experimental group showed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.003). But no significant difference was observed in the symptoms (p = 0.48). The mean scores of quality of life in functional dimension, symptom dimension, and general quality of life dimension before and after the intervention in the control group were not significantly different (p >0.05).

The results of this study showed that new approaches such as dignity therapy can improve the quality of life of cancer patients. It is recommended that this study be conducted on a larger scale in other hospitals and cultures. It is recommended comparing the effect of this intervention with other psychotherapeutic methods in increasing the quality of life of cancer patients.

A review of the nursing education program using the results of comparative studies and research is required to prepare graduates to attend a changing healthcare environment. The present study aims to compare Iran's nursing education program with South Korea at the undergraduate level.

 This study was performed by a descriptive-comparative method using the "Jorj F Berdy" approach in four stages of description, interpretation, coherence, and comparison, during which the main elements and important indicators of the curriculum in the selected faculties were analyzed. After comparing the indicators and extracting the strengths of the South Korean nursing training program, practical suggestions were presented to improve the nursing expert education system.

Establishment of human relations courses, health care for a multicultural society, analysis and clinical reasoning, nursing understanding of traditional classical medicine in accordance with the objectives of the curriculum, along with the use of new teaching methods, vertical integration of courses and also the use of tests The international standard in the evaluation system is evident in South Korea's nursing education program.

A comparison of the expert training program of nursing in Iran and South Korea shows that along with the commonalities, there are some differences that can be used to improve the country's nursing education system. Conducting interviews to assess the communication ability and level of interest of people before entering the field of nursing, coordination between goals and educational content, as well as empowering students in critical and creative thinking and using new educational approaches are the strengths of nursing education program it is considered South Korea.