International Journal of Supply and Operations Management
Volume:7 Issue: 2, Spring 2020

This paper presents a closed loop supply chain. The presented model involves several parts including market zone, disposal, collection, recycling, supply, manufacturing and distribution centers. Establishment of supply chain ingredients are considered as decision variables. Two objective functions are taken into consideration. The first objective desires to minimize the economic charges of the supply chain management in terms of establishment, transportation and market lost while the second one desires to maximize the attained market share. Any unmet demand will impose lost market charge to the system. A real case study has evaluated the outcomes of the proposed models. The results depict a novel way to provide a tradeoff between the objective functions values.

Several inventory models were proposed for manufacturer and retailer which included competition and cooperation between manufacturer and retailer to maximize their profits. Esmaeili M et al. (2009) developed the relationship between manufacturer and Retailer for non co-operative and cooperative games. But the model did not involve any shortage cost as no shortage was allowed. In this paper researcher consider market demand is affected by marketing expenditure and price charged by retailer. This research, presented in this paper, allows shortages for the infinite planning horizon and investigates 1.The non co-operative game for manufacturer-Stackelberg model allowing shortage when manufacturer is the leader and would like to maximize his profit.2.retailer-stackelberg model when retailer is the leader and would like to maximize his profit.3.The co-operative game approach to obtain Pareto Efficient solution. Model is verified through some numerical examples.

In this paper a dual-channel supply chain with one retailer and one manufacturer is considered. The manufacturer produces in a lot to supply an integer number of the retailer’s order and ships his product to the retailer in equal-sized batches. The manufacturer has also an online channel to meet the demand directly. It is assumed that two members have integrated production-inventory system to minimize the total cost. A procedure is developed to find the optimal solution based on the convexity of the total cost. A numerical example is provided to clarify the characteristics of the model. The results show that the optimal number of the shipments from the manufacturer to the retailer is very sensitive to the holding cost of the manufacturer. When the manufacturer's holding cost is less than that of the retailer, most of the inventory is held in the manufacturer and is delivered to the retailer in low quantities with more shipments. It was also obtained that if the dual-channel supply chain reshapes to single one, the total cost of the supply chain would be minimized and the maximum value of total cost of the supply chain would be happened when the demand is distributed equally between two channels.

This paper investigates the issue of replenishment coordination for a two-echelon supply chain with one manufacturing vendor and multi retailers under vendor-managed inventory mode of operation. The demand is influenced by the retail price and market scale which generally recognized as a Cobb- Douglas demand function in the available studies. Authors developed Stackelberg game theoretic model for examining vendor-managed inventory supply chain performance in terms of combined profit. The aim is to find the wholesale and retail price, the replenishment interval of the retailers, and the fraction backlogging so as to the combined profit of supply chain being optimized. Authors formulates the problem as NLP models while two different contracts including wholesale price and two-part tariff are also being taken into consideration. Using some benchmark data, authors compared and illustrated how such contracts can optimize the performance of VMI-type supply chains. Results from numerical experimental study show that the wholesale price is more benefitting to all supply chain members under specific conditions. Moreover, sensitivity analyses on model’s parameters are performed to assess the impacts of changes on the performance of supply chain.

Supplier selection, order allocation and production planning are important and challenging decisions in supply chain management. There are many studies on mentioned topics separately. In this paper, a multi-objective mathematical model proposed to optimize a sustainable supplier selection problem with order allocation and production planning simultaneously. This study considers a multi-supplier, multi-product, multi-item and multi-period supply chain. The designed mathematical model seeks to maximize total profit and minimize unsatisfied demand and total risk along with enforcing sustainability criteria in selecting suppliers. Supplier selection is a virtual process in every manufacturing company. On the other hand, this research considers all the important aspects of this problem. Therefore, the proposed framework can be implemented in many different companies like electronic, food, chemical industry. The proposed model is solved utilizing two metaheuristic algorithms including NSGA II and MOPSO. Moreover, algorithms are tuned utilizing Taguchi analysis. Furthermore, ten sample problems are generated and results are compared to identify the best algorithm for the proposed model.

Logistics and supply chain play important roles to support enterprises’ operations that aims to satisfy customers’ demands. Moreover, the globalization of the world economy and the emergence of the fourth industrial revolution pushes manufacturers to optimize their operations, particularly transportation and supplying activities. The main objective is to maintain competitive advantages and guarantee the expected benefit. Milk-run, a well-known transportation approach had been adapted successfully in practice, is adopted in this study to simultaneously minimize transportation and inventory costs in a just-in-time production environment. The results of this study show that the milk-run approach helps to reduce transportation and inventory costs for the studied company. The milk-run approach, therefore, is proved to be suitable for companies that operates under just-in-time philosophy.

Alternative energy sources and their efficient usage are currently a significant and widely discussed problem in all countries. The paper deals with the analysis of possible energy sources and their evaluation using multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) methods in specific conditions of the Czech Republic. The analysis aims at decision what alternative energy sources are suitable best for possible investments. The analysis uses TESES (technical, economic, social, ecological, strategic) classification of criteria. The total number of criteria considered in evaluation is 16, and five alternative renewable sources are defined. The evaluation is based on the crisp data set that describes the current situation in the Czech Republic. The most often applied MCDM methods (analytic hierarchy process, TOPSIS, and PROMETHEE class method, and the weighted sum approach) are used to compare the results. The differences in the obtained results by all methods are compared and discussed in detail. The main contribution of the study consists of a demonstration of applicability various decision-making techniques in the analysis of alternative energy sources. The results can be generalized not only for the specific conditions of the Czech Republic.