Thrita
Volume:9 Issue: 25, Jun 2020

Fascioliasis is a zoonotic disease caused by the liver parasites, Fasciola hepatica, and F. gigantica.

The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of fascioliasis in Zahedan and the surrounding towns (i.e., Zabol, Chabahar, Iranshahr, etc.) in the Southeast of Iran.

This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017. Based on statistical estimations, 251 human serum samples were collected randomly in Zahedan and surrounding towns (Zabol, Chabahar, Iranshahr, and others), then the samples were analyzed using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. A questionnaire was obtained from each individual. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test in SPSS, version 20.

Of the 251 samples, the anti-fasciola antibody was detected in 6 (2.40%) samples. There was a significant relationship between the use of local freshwater vegetables and seropositivity to fasciolosis.

This study showed that the prevalence of human fascioliasis was higher among women (2.70%) compared to men (0.0%), and raising health levels and health education can reduce the prevalence of human fascioliasis disease.

Airways resistance and broncho-spasm due to exercise are very common. Factors such as exercise, temperature, humidity, air pollution, and disease affect this complication. This study was performed due to the increase in physical disability of muscle weakness in patients with MS and the lack of information on the effect of different strength training exercises on air resistance.

The current study aimed to investigate the effect of resistance training with different intensities on airway resistance indices of women with MS.

Thirty six women with Multiple sclerosis who had a disability criterion ranged from 1 to 4 (based on Krutzke’s disability scale) were sampled using the targeted and purposive sampling methods. They were selected based on the initial health conditions and then were randomly assigned to each of the three groups (each consisting of 12 participants). The first group received resistance training for 12 weeks, three sessions a week with intensity 60% 1RM, and the second group received resistance training for 12 weeks, three sessions a week with intensity 80% 1RM. Those in the control group didn’t have an exercise program.

Airway resistance indices were measured both before and after 12 weeks of resistance training, airway resistance indices in both groups was significantly decreased, and these changes were significant in both experimental groups as compared to the control group.

According to the findings, in addition to improving balance, fatigue, andmuscle endurance, high-intensity resistance training had similar effects to moderate-intensity exercise on pulmonary function indices in women with MS.

Osteoarthritis can impair muscle structure and function. Numerous methods may be helpful for its treatment, i.e., hyaluronic acid, cell therapy, and physical training.

The present study investigated the independent and combined effect of these three interventions on the quadriceps muscle fiber count in the rat model of knee osteoarthritis.

Fifty four rats were randomly divided into groups, including; healthy-control, osteoarthritis- control, osteoarthritistraining, osteoarthritis-stem cell, osteoarthritis-hyaluronic acid, osteoarthritis-hyaluronic-stem cell, osteoarthritis-stem celltraining, osteoarthritis-hyaluronic acid-training, and osteoarthritis-stem cell-hyaluronic acid-training. The exercise training program consisted of 30 minutes of running on the treadmill with no slope at a speed of 16 m/min for the first week. Then, the duration progressively reached 50 minutes in the eighth week. Stem cells were extracted from bone marrow and injected into the injured joint. Hyaluronic acid was injected into the injured joint in three separate weeks and once a week. All animals were anesthetized 48 hours after the last training session and injections. The samples were removed and sent to the laboratory. All significant levels were considered as P < 0.05.

Osteoarthritis significantly decreased muscle fibers compared to healthy animals. Aerobic training, stem cell therapy, hyaluronic acid, the interaction of training and stem cell, and the interaction of training, stem cell therapy, and hyaluronic acid significantly increased muscle fiber count.

Concurrent use of aerobic training, stem cell, and hyaluronic acid treatments had more effect than each intervention alone on enhancing the muscle fiber count in the rat model of knee osteoarthritis.

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever is an acute febrile disease. It is one of the most common diseases among humans and animals.

Due to the presence of the disease in Iran, this study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of farmers about Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF).

A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 300 farmers in north and south villages of Khorramabad city selected using stratified sampling. The instrument used in the study was a valid and reliable questionnaire to measure the knowledge, attitude, and practice of people in contact with the livestock. After completing the questionnaire, the data were analyzed by SPSS using nonparametric tests (Mann-Whitney-U, Kruskal-Wallis, and Spearman correlation coefficient).

The mean age of the participants was 38.94 ± 14.28 years. The mean scores of knowledge, attitude, and practice of the participants regarding CCHF were 18.46 ± 5.05, 40.7 ± 2.18, and 6.42 ± 3.40, respectively. There was a significant relationship between knowledge (P < 0.001), attitude (P < 0.001), and practice (P < 0.001) scores and the education level and marital status (P < 0.001). The results showed a significant inverse correlation between age and attitude (P < 0.001. r = -0.33), knowledge (P < 0.001. r = -0.42), and practice (P < 0.001. r = -0.39). There was a significant positive relationship between practice and knowledge (P = 0.001. r = -0.39) and attitude (P < 0.001. r = -0.39).

Due to the insufficient performance of farmers concerning disease prevention and health protection behaviors. implementation of an educational program to increase the level of knowledge could promote their prevention behavior CrimeanCongo Hemorrhagic Fever.

This research has been conducted to study antibiotic self-medication, prevalence, and reasons.

A questionnaire containing 30 comprehensive questions in terms of the experience of antibiotic self-medication was prepared. In this cross-sectional study, data were analyzed using analytical statistics bases on chi-square and logistic regression.

The results showed that 61.3% of the participants were self-antibiotic users. There was a significant difference only between gender and self-medication such that self-medication in males was more than females (P value = 0.027).

Self-medication of antibiotics is almost high and requires more information about the side effects of these drugs in order to promote rational and physically prescribed use.

Context: 

Cognitive disorders are one of the most common neurological problems that can be caused by lifestyle patterns, especially sedentary lifestyle, poor nutrition, exposure to a variety of toxins or diseases.
Evidence Acquisition: There are various strategies recommended for the prevention and treatment of these disorders, including drug therapy, psychological therapy, dietary pattern changes, and physical activity.

 It seems that physical activity with biological mechanisms can have beneficial effects on the central nervous system and improve cognitive function, including enhanced learning and memory, as well as reduced depression and anxiety.

 Of the major mechanisms that physical activity can affect cognitive function include increased neurogenic factors, decreased oxidative stress, decreased inflammatory mediators, and mitochondrial biogenesis. Therefore, it is recommended that people with cognitive impairments can use physical activity as an appropriate strategy to prevent and treat cognitive impairment problems.