مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد
سال بیست و هشتم شماره 5 (پیاپی 165، امرداد 1399)

Young pregnant woman (32 weeks) following one-month illnesses, including peripheral edema, paresthesia and shortness of breath, for which no specific diagnosis was made in the evaluations; she was hospitalized with severe respiratory distress and pulmonary edema. Re-examination revealed severe systolic heart failure (left ventricular ejection fraction: 10-15%) with preeclampsia. After the relative stabilization of the patient's vital signs, the pregnancy was terminated. One week after termination of pregnancy, the patient's heart failure improved.

Various lesions trigger an inflammatory response in the host body. These injuries include surgical stress Surgery exerts stress on the body. Systemic inflammatory syndrome is a reflection of the degree of surgical stress and as a system of assessing the severity of postoperative stress. Regular complexes of inflammatory polypeptide molecules contribute to the development of this inflammatory response known as cytokines. Lack of local control over the release of these cytokines can cause systemic inflammation, and potentially devastating complications.
In writing this review articles, articles indexed in the following databases were used: Science Direct, Scopus, Springer Science, PubMed and Google Scholar Ninety two related research papers, including quantitative and qualitative researches in English, related to the last 40 years (1979- 2019) were included in this study. The current review article has been written based on 92 articles and the keywords of “Surgical Stress, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines, and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines”.Studies in humans and animal models suggest that both types of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines following diverse primary stimuli, including endotoxin release, complement system activation, ischemia-perfusion injury, and other ways.

Inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines are the result of a complex unpredictable interaction of immune system effects on the body and even multiple effects on body organs. New therapeutic strategies for the absorption of cytokines are a powerful way to enhance and improve proper output, following systemic inflammatory response syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most common causes of infertility. 6 to 8 percent of women of childbearing age have this endocrine disorder. Biochemical abnormalities in these patients lead to imbalance of female hormones and increased androgens, which can have consequences such as menstrual cycle disorder, hirsutism, acne vulgaris and androgenic alopecia. Despite the long history of studies on polycystic ovary syndrome, the cause is still unknown. Oxidative stress is an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and the amount of antioxidant. When this balance is disturbed, the result is an increase in the level of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is currently recognized as one of the major pathophysiologies of many disorders and diseases, including polycystic ovary syndrome. Understanding the mechanisms of oxidative stress is crucial for developing strategies for the prevention and treatment of this disease. In this article, we reviewed the data on the mechanism of oxidative stress in polycystic ovary syndrome.

There are significant interactions between motor and cognitive development through life span. Investigation of cognitive processes and behavioral infrastructure is very valuable, so the present study aimed to determine the developmental changes of motor imagery in typical and high functioning autism spectrum disorder children aged 8 to 12 years.

The present study was a semi- quasi one that done in a cross - sectional design. 40 children aged 8 to 10 and 40 children aged 10 to 12 years (in each age group 20 autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and 20 typical development (TD)), who matched in terms of age and IQ, were selected purposefully and accessibly selected and participated in the research voluntarily. To investigate the motor imagery, the hand rotation paradigm was used in the form of 3-D software. After calculating the reaction time and the number of errors related to the medial and lateral stimuli, repeated measures ANOVA used to analyze the reaction time data and the Mann Whitney U test used to analyze the error numbers data. All statistical tests were performed using SPSS software version 21.

The findings showed that the typical development (TD) group decreased its reaction time (P=0.001) and number of errors (P=0.001) by age increasing, which was not seen in the autism spectrum disorder (ASD) group.

It seems that the cognitive and important processes involved in learning and controlling motor skills will not improve by age and will require specialized interventions and coherent programs for this purpose.

Cardiovascular problems and atrial fibrillation is one of the most prevalent secondary consequences in hemodialysis patients. This study aimed to examine the effect of high intensity interval training on the level of atrial fibrillation, fibroblast growth factor 23 and Klotho in male rats with chronic kidney disease.

In this study, 30 male rats Wistar (7-8 weeks) were randomly assigned into three groups of exercise, control and sham. Rats in the exercise and control groups were entered to the study by using nephrectomy 5/6Nx, which made renal failure. Exercise protocol included training protocol as high intensity interval training (85% Maximum oxygen consumption) on treadmill for 8 weeks and three sessions in each week. Atrial fibrillation, fibroblast growth factor 23, Klotho, and other parameters were examined at the post intervention in all three groups. Data analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA and to examine the difference between groups, followed post-hoc Bonferroni analysis test at P <0.05.

Interval training was able to make a significant difference between the exercise and control groups in the level of atrial fibrillation (P<0/05). Klotho protein also had a considerable increase in the exercise group compared to the control group. However, the fibroblast growth factor 23 did not differ significantly between the exercise and control groups (P>0/05).

High intensity interval training can cause a significant decrease in the level of atrial fibrillation in chronic kidney patients; however, in the process of this improvement, the changes in fibroblast growth factor 23 and related factors are less and the role of Klotho protein has an important effect.

The clinical features of celiac disease vary. Common classic signs and symptoms include diarrhea, weight loss, and abdominal distention. Celiac as a systemic disease may suffer people of all ages and with many races and ethnic groups. Celiac disease also has other symptoms that got less attention. These signs are constipation, bloating, oral plague, bone pain, anemia, Vitiligo, hypocalcemia, hypothyroidism and seizures.  In this study, it was decided to evaluate the prevalence of gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal clinical signs of celiac disease.

This descriptive study was conducted on 150 patients with celiac disease referred to Khatamolanbiya Clinic in 2014.The gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal clinical signs of the patients were studied. Patients with celiac disease were included who had both positive tissue anti-transglutaminase antibodies and some degree of mucosal atrophy on duodenal mucosal endoscopy. After collecting the data, the coded information was entered into SPSS version 22 software and the results were analyzed using Chi-Square, T and Wilcoxon tests

The results showed that celiac disease in the study was 1.3 times more frequently in women than men. As well as the symptoms of anemia in the population studied (40.67%) had the highest and seizures (0.67%) had the lowest rates. After anemia, hypothyroidism with 26% prevalence was the most prevalent in the community. Diarrhea with 24.7% is the mostcommon in gastrointestinal symptoms   and is the third most common after anemia and hypothyroidism.

The results of this study showed that non-gastrointestinal symptoms (bone pain, anemia, vitiligo, hypocalcaemia, hypothyroidism, and seizures) are more common than gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, steatorrhea, weight loss, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, bloating, and oral thrush in patients with celiac disease.

Duodenal diverticula are pouches of the mucosa, submucosa, and scattered muscle cells that extend through the intestinal wall. In this study, we aimed to classify the papilla position according to presence of PAD and evaluate the impact of papilla position on the success rate and post ERCP complication in the patients with PAD.

This cross-sectional study was performed on 1260 patients with bile duct problems underwent ERCP. Patients with diverticulum were considered as the first group and the patients without diverticulum as the second group. In this study, SPSS Version 18 software, Chi-square and Students T-test were used, respectively.

239 patients had peripheral diverticula. The mean age of participants was 68.9±10.3. In 239 patients with diverticulum Type 1=48.2%, Type 2 =37.6%, Type 3 =5.1%, Type 4 =9.1% the success rate in Type 1 was 97% (p-value: 0.003). In the patients with type 3, the cannulation was difficult and had a low success rate, with more complications.

Classification of PAD can predict success rate in the patients with PDA, and can predict post ERCP complication rates.

The primary concern with the current system of ordering laboratory tests is that many tests are obtained that do not contribute beneficially to patient care. Unnecessary tests create additional risks, inefficient operating room programs, and unnecessary costs for the patient.UnnecThe aim of this study was to determine the frequency distribution of results of endocrine ordered lab tests among the patients of Oral Medicine Department Of Yazd Dental School in the years 2015-2016.

This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on 273 patients referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases from October 2015 to September 2016. Demographic data, systemic disease and their types, medical history, clinical examinations, the type of requested tests and their reasons were analyzed using SPSS V.22 software and Chi-square analysis.

Based on the results of this study, the mean age of the patients studied was 40 years, and the standard deviation of the age of the individuals was 14.3 (40± 14.3) with the age range of 6-83 years. Chi-square analysis showed a significant correlation between test results of FBS, HbA1c, T3, TSH, with the age of the patients (P <0.05). In addition, the results of 2hpp showed that there was a significant difference between male and female patients (P <0.05).

The most results of endocrine laboratory tests of patients at this time were normal, which can indicate the readiness of clients to tolerate dental treatments.