نشریه مطالعات سیاسی
پیاپی 48 (تابستان 1399)

The legal status of the Strait of Hormuz, considered an international strait, is affected by the rights of international waterways. The security of Iran and the region are interdependent and the international law of the seas does not accept this, except in exceptional cases during armed conflict and only through inspections of ships. Findings show that the issue of sovereignty over the seas surrounding their land has long been the focus of lawyers and politicians and various theories and doctrines have been put forward. The Strait of Hormuz is of particular security importance internationally and it is the most important shipping bottleneck in the world and the countries of the region and the world depend on it for exports and imports. The most important reason for its superiority over other straits is the strategic location of the Persian Gulf. That adds to the importance of the gorge as an area with the largest proven reserves of energy and the role of the Strait of Hormuz in this strategic region as a link between the Persian Gulf and the energy transmitter of this region to the world.The purpose is to identify the role of the Strait of Hormuz in securing the Islamic Republic of Iran. The methodology of this research is descriptive-analytical and has been made available through the use of library documents and resources and the availability of books and articles.

The present study tries to show how the concept of women and politics in the two prominent newspapers of our country, the Islamic Republic and Kayhan, has changed after the victory of the Islamic Revolution? And what share of the content published in these two newspapers went to women? In this article, using the method of analysis - content and data collected from the National Library and the Islamic Consultative Assembly, as well as the archives of the above two newspapers to analyze the headlines, reports, photographs and cartoons published on the subject of women And politics is addressed. Based on the findings of the study, the hypothesis of this study, which was based on: Kayhan newspaper was generally inattentive to women's specific issues and after many years of the victory of the Islamic Revolution, this practice has not changed, but the Jomhuri Eslami newspaper Despite less history, more efforts to address women's specific issues have been rejected. The results show that the highest rate of growth in the conceptual evolution of women and politics is related to Kayhan newspaper. This research has been compared between these two newspapers using qualitative content analysis method and using quantitative statistics and statistical methods and the results of the follow-up research have been concluded on this issue.

Today, the phenomenon of information and communication revolution and its well-known product, cyberspace and social networks, are making fundamental and wide-ranging changes in the nature of socio-political forms and structures in various societies, and this has occupied the minds of researchers about how and the consequences and effects of these changes. Is. Cyberspace has been effective on all social, political, economic and cultural spheres of societies and due to its capacities such as speed, learning, permanent access, two-way and multi-way interaction, extra-space and extra-temporal, it has been able to be considered as a basic and effective tool on citizen relations. . The research seeks to investigate the role of cyberspace and social networks on creating and strengthening the public sphere among Iranians. The research has been done using descriptive-analytical method and study of documents and libraries and in collecting information from books, articles and websites. Findings show that cyberspace and its latest achievement, namely social networks, play an important and fundamental role in directing and enlightening public opinion, raising awareness in society, strengthening the functions of civil society and non-governmental organizations. The results indicate that cyberspace has played an effective and positive role in redefining and strengthening the public sphere among Iranians.

Eight years after the US invasion of Iraq, with the withdrawal of the last American combat brigade on 19 August, 2010, this war officially ended. However, the US continues to maintain parts of its forces in sensitive areas under various pretexts. This issue became more apparent after the assassinations of Qassem Soleimani and AbuMahdi al-Mohandes, and due to this incident, the study of the possibility of the US expulsion from Iraq became one of the most important issues in this country. But the main question is, what are the main prerequisites for the US withdrawal from Iraq and what are the interests of Iraq-US in this area? And what is the role of Iran? Due to the nature of this issue, the main element of this research method is meta-analysis. Therefore, for this article, a meta from various electronic and published sources is used to interpret the reasons for the US presence in Iraq from a neo-realist perspective. The findings of this study suggest that the various factors influencing the US withdrawal from Iraq are not strong enough to be expected in the short and even medium term for Iraqi officials to reach a unified strategy for the complete withdrawal of the US from Iraq. Despite all the problems and challenges, this study also examines measures that could eliminate the Iraq needs to foreign forces. Perhaps relying on these measures could increase the pressure on the US to withdraw from Iraq or at least minimize its presence in this country.

Cultural diplomacy is now accepted as a fundamental and influential principle in the field of international relations, and world politicians see the way out of human problems as the rule of culture in international relations. Referring to the intellectual-ideological system and the practical life of the Supreme Leader of the Revolution Ayatollah Khamenei, it can be seen that his emphasis and priority in three areas, namely, reference, nature and addressee of diplomacy, in a positive way, means actions to be taken by institutions. It should be done by the people and the domestic government, and in its negative aspect, that is, resistance against the destructive actions taken by the enemy, it is based on the elements of soft power, which is the basis of action in cultural diplomacy. As the culmination of the Supreme Leader's belief in the importance of cultural diplomacy in his letter to Western youth in 1393 and 1394 and also the message to the French youth after the terrorist attacks in Europe and the growing color of Islamophobia project by Western powers . Therefore, the main question of the present study, which was written using a descriptive-analytical method, is: "How are these letters and messages in the direction and process of cultural diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran?" And why these letters were written, who the audience was and are, what goals it pursues and pursues, and how it leads to the strengthening of the cultural diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran?

this study is a sociological explanation of the impact of religiosity on political participation.Our society has undergone many social changes over time and is in transition from traditional to modern society.Obviously,understanding the quantity and quality of political participation is all the more necessary.So that the political situation in a country and ina smaller division(city)can determine the awareness and political behavior of the people of a society towards political and social issues.The purpose of this article is to identify political participation and explain the sociological impact of religiosity on it. The research method in this study is a survey and the assessment tool is a questionnaire. The statistical population included men and women aged18to65years in Golestan province.The sample size of 400 people in this province has been studied by stratified random sampling method.Research results; There is a relationship between independent variables including:religious awareness,religious studies, performing duties, adherence to religious issues and participation in religious ceremonies with the dependent variable,ie political participation.In addition, according to statistical tests, there is a significant difference between socio-economic status and education and age groups of individuals with political participation,but there is no significant difference between gender and political participation.Based on the analysis of the route,from the sum of the results of direct and indirect effects of the variables,it wasfound that the variable of participating in religious ceremonies had themost impact on political participation with0.229%.The results show that 0.108% of the total changes of the dependent variable are explained by the analytical model of path analysis.