فصلنامه بیهوشی و درد
سال یازدهم شماره 3 (پاییز 1399)

The use of mindfulness through the psychological components associated with the fearavoidance model could be useful in treatment of chronic pain. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of adding mindfulness to exercise therapy in runners with patellofemoral pain.

This quasi-experimental study was performed in Kermanshah in 1398 Midyear. Thirty women aged 18-40 years with patellofemoral pain syndrome were randomly allocated to Mindfulness-Based (n=15) and control groups (n=15). The mindfulness group received an 8-session mindfulness program in addition to the exercises received by the control group. Daily pain, pain during running, and pain during climbing up and downstairs were assessed by NPRS before, 12 weeks, and 18 weeks after the intervention.

The results showed that daily pain, pain during running, and pain during climbing up and downstairs in Mindfulness-Based group is lower compared to control at 12th and 18th week post-intervention; however, there wasno significant difference between groups at week 6 (p˃0.05).

Adding an eight-session mindfulness program to an exercise therapy program was an effective treatment to decrease pain in athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome.

The aim of this study was to investigate the prediction of pain symptoms based on meta-cognitive beliefs in women with migraine in Isfahan city.

The research design was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the study was all women who referred to the Neurology Clinic of Khorshid Hospital in Isfahan in the second half of 1397 and according to the opinion of the neurologist, they were diagnosed with migraine. To do this research, 100 people were selected through targeted sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and they were asked to complete Headache Symptom Scale and Wells Meta Cognitive Questionary )MCQ-30(. Finally, data were statistically analyzed using SPSS-23 and Pearson correlation and stepwise regression methods.

The results of the research showed that the subscales of metacognitive beliefs including positive worry beliefs, beliefs about uncontrollability and danger of worry, negative beliefs about thoughts in general, and cognitive self-consciousness, respectively with beta coefficients of 0.537, 0.565, 0.602 and 0.518 were significant predictors of headache symptoms (P<0.01).

Therefore, it is possible to reduce the headaches by providing timely and appropriate interventions and training in order to strengthen positive meta-cognitive beliefs and reduce the negative metacognitive beliefs in migraine sufferers.

Aims and background:

 Pain caused by chronic physical illnesses such as migraine headaches causes emotional and psychological damage to patients. according to this the present study was conducted aiming to Compare the effectiveness of mindfulness therapy and relaxation on pain in patients with migraine.

 Materials and Methods:

 The present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, control group and a two-month follow-up design. The statistical population of the study included the patients with migraine headache in the town of Shahin Shahr, Isfahan in the first quarter of 2019. 30 patients with migraine headache were selected through voluntary sampling method and they were randomly replaced into experimental and control groups (15 patients in mindfulness therapy groups, 15 patients in Relaxation therapy groups and 15 in control group). The experimental groups received 8 sessions of mindfulness therapy sessions of Kabatzin and 7 relaxation sessions of Ozkan and Rathfisch over two months in 90-minute sessions separately. The applied questionnaire in this study included Severity of pain questionnaire of Melzack. The data from the study were analyzed through repeated measurement ANOVA and Bonfrey’s follow-up test.

 Results:
 

the results showed that mindfulness therapy and relaxation significantly influences Severity of pain in patients with migraine headache (p<0.001). In addition, the results of the follow-up test showed that there is a significant difference between two therapies in variable of pain (p<0.001) and relaxation therapy was more able to decrease the pain of migraine compared to mindfulness therapy. 

Conclusion:

 According to the findings of the present study it might be stated that Relaxation therapy, due to its focus on physiological processes such as massage, can be more effective than mindfulness therapy in reducing the severity of pain in patients with migraine headaches.

Arthritis is a chronic and debilitating inflammatory disease, the main symptoms of which are arthritis, including morning dryness, swelling of the affected joints, and eventually joint deformity, and are associated with some psychological variables. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of emotion regulation strategies-based therapy on pain anxiety in patients with arthritic thyroid disease.

The present study was a quasi-experimental research with pre-test and post-test with control group and follow-up period. The statistical population of the study consisted of all patients with arthritic rheumatoid arthritis who referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran and private rheumatology clinics in Tehran within 95-96. The population was 1800. Sample size consisted of 40 patients with arthritic thyroid disease who were selected by purposive sampling method and were randomly divided into experimental (n = 20) and control (n = 20) groups. Research instruments included pain anxiety scale that participants completed in pre-test, post-test and follow-up. Descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of covariance were used to analyze the data.

The results showed that model-based treatment of emotional adjustment strategies was effective in reducing pain anxiety in patients.

Applying psychological therapies could help to reduce the pain anxiety of patients with arthritis.

Chronic pain disease is one of the most common problems in today’s society, which causes heavy medical costs and has a negative impact on a person’s performance, and psychological issues are one of the most important factors in exacerbating and perpetuating chronic pain. The aim of this study was to compare self-compassion, anxiety and depression in these patients.

The present study is a causal-comparative study, for which 104 people with chronic pain and 104 healthy individuals were selected. After collecting the data, independent groups were tested by using T-test.

The results showed that there is high anxiety and depression and low self-compassion among patients with chronic pain.

Therefore, it could be concluded that these psychological components play a role in exacerbating and continuing chronic pain, and these dimensions should be emphasized in treatment programs.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy and positive effect of internet-based thinking in telegram context on improving quality of life in
four areas: physical, mental, social and environmental, as well as reducing depression in patients with chronic pain.

Methods and Materials:

 This study was performed on 60 patients with migraine headache who were referred to Akhtar Hospital. Based on the criteria of the study, volunteers were selected and randomly assigned to two groups. Two instruments of life satisfaction scale (DDI) and a revised Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) were used to measure it. The results were analyzed by SPSS software.

The findings indicated that the main hypothesis of cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy in students had a 0.8 effect on their quality of life and 0.8 on their depression.

Cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy has a significant positive effect on improvement of quality of life and reduction of depression in chronic pain patients. This method is very suitable for patients with limited access.

Individuals with pronated feet suffer from many biomechanical dysfunctions during running. The purpose of this study was to compare the peak plantar pressure in ten areas of the foot, ground
reaction force, center of pressure and loading rate during three different running patterns between healthy subjects and pronated feet individuals with and without LBP.

This semi-experimental and laboratory study was performed as a comparative research between three groups including healthy subjects (n=10), pronated feet individuals with (n=10) and without (n=10) low back pain. Plantar pressure variables were evaluated in 10 areas of the foot. Statistical analysis was performed using MANOVA test at a significance level of 0.05.

The loading rate was significantly different between the three groups during running. There was a significant difference in loading rate in the mid-foot running pattern between the pronated feet individuals with and without low back pain. The loading rate in the pronated individuals with low back pain was higher in the mid-foot running pattern than in the rear-foot running pattern.

The forefoot running pattern compared with other running patterns is more suitable for pronated feet individuals with low back pain. However, further study is warranted.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of group mindfulnessbased stress reduction program on Pain self-efficacy in patients with Thalassemia Major.

The present study was aquasi-experimental design that conducted in the form of pretest, post-test with control group. In this study, 30 patients with Thalassemia Major (randomly were assigned to two groups of 15 Experimental and control) who were referred to therapy centers and hospitals in Chabahar were selected with purposive sampling method Pain self-efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ) were used for data collection. All patients completed Pain Self Efficacy Questionnaire in the pre-test, post-test. Mixed effect and one-variable covariance.using SPSS software was used to analyzing the data.

The results showed a significant improvement in Pain self-efficacy by mindfulness-based stress reduction program in the experimental group (p<0/01).

It seems that reduction of mental-based stress is effective on improving Pain self-efficacy in patients with major type of thalassemia. It is suggested that, along with medical therapies, education for the reduction of mindfulness-related stress should also be conducted.

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of kinesio tapping with neuromuscular exercises on the balance, performance and pain intensity of basketball players with ankle instability.

The population was all female basketball players within the age range of 22 to 30 years old in Pakdasht City. 30 participants with chronic ankle instability were selected by convenience sampling methods by G-Power software based on research criteria and they were randomly divided into two groups of 15 (experimental and control groups). Next, all specimens were taken the pretest for static and dynamic balance, three single leg jumps performance, The star Excursion Balance Test, lateral jump performance and pain intensity through standard questionnaire and tests. The experimental group received 8 weeks of kinesio taping with selective neuromuscular exercises. The control group did not receive any specific exercises. Finally, all the specimens were taken post-test and the data were analyzed by statistical tests such as Shapiro-Wilk Test and the analysis of MANCOVA SPSS21 at the significance level of α=0.05.

The present study results showed that 8 weeks of kinesio taping with neuromuscular exercises, has a positively significant effect on the variables including lateral jump performance, three single leg jumps performance, pain intensity, figure 8, and the static and dynamic balance of basketball players with chronic ankle instability (P=0.002).

Regarding the results of this research, it is recommended that athletes with the same disorder, and especially basketball players with ankle instability use kinesio taping with neuromuscular exercises in training period during exercises, in championship, and in their health and rehabilitation protocols.