مجله علمی پژوهان
سال نوزدهم شماره 1 (پاییز 1399)

The family traditionally has played a unique role in the development and care for adolescents. For this reason, scientists have consistently sought to formulate and introduce new family-based therapeutic approaches to further enhance the functions of this important social institution. In this manuscript, for the first time in Iran, one of the new treatments in this field is discussed.

In this study, a review of the theoretical and research background in the field of family mode deactivation therapy is presented and introduced.

Family Mode Deactivation Therapy has emerged as a third wave treatment for adolescents with behavioral problems. In this treatment, a unique integration of family based mode deactivation, evaluation, enlightenment, and reorientation of fundamental beliefs techniques is used to eliminate problematic behaviors during and after treatment. This treatment is especially applicable in the context of Iranian families.

Family mode deactivation therapy, as a modern therapy, is able to reduce the behavioral problems in adolescents. Therefore, we recommend the use of this treatment to psychotherapists.

Students are interested in using computer games, which can threaten their mental health and make them feel lonely. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between the use of computer games and the feeling of loneliness in first grade high school students in Hamadan city.

This study was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study conducted on 384 first-year high school students in Hamadan in 2019. Subjects were randomly selected from a cluster of schools. Data collection tools included two virtual network usage questionnaires and a loneliness questionnaire. Data collected were analyzed with SPSS 24 software and with Pearson correlation and linear regression statistical tests.

The results of the study showed that 67.4% of the participants played for one hour. Also, the use of computer games was associated with family loneliness. Also, with a single increase in computer game, the average score of loneliness increased by 0.36 (P = 0.001).

The overall assessment of the findings of the present study showed that the higher the use of computer games, the more lonely students feel.

Burn is one of the most common events in childhood. Pain relief in burn patients helps to stabilize the patientchr('39')s hemodynamic parameters. This study aimed to investigate the effect of visual aberration on dressing replacement pain in children aged 6-12 years.

In this one-blind clinical trial with a control group, 80 children aged 6-12 years admitted to the burn ward of Besat Hospital in Hamadan were selected by Available sampling method and then randomly divided into two groups of control and visual aberration. Data were collected using a demographic profile checklist and Usher pain tool. In the visual distraction group, a cartoon of a cat and mouse was broadcast from two minutes before the end of the dressing. In both groups, pain intensity was measured and recorded 10 minutes before dressing, at intervals of two minutes during dressing, and 5 minutes after dressing. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16 software and one-way analysis of variance and analysis of variance with repeated measures.

The results showed that no significant differences were found in the demographic characteristics of children and parents between the two groups of visual distraction and control (P˃0.05). The mean scores of pain intensity at all measurement times between the two groups of visual distraction and The control had a statistically significant difference and in general, the pain intensity score in children in the visual distraction group was lower than the control group (P <0.001).

In general, the results showed that the visual distraction method is effective in reducing the severity of burn pain in children.

Neonatal mortality rate has declined in the last decade. however, the trend of these deaths in our country is much higher than developed countries. Therefore, it is important to study the epidemiological indicators in the field of mortality. In this regard, the present study was conducted with the aim of epidemiological study of neonatal mortality in hospitalized neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit of medical-educational hospitals in Hamadan city in 2018.

In this retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study, the information of all neonates hospitalized and died for one year in the neonatal intensive care unit in Hamadan educational-medical hospitals in 2018, by census method, was extracted from the medical records of patients by using a checklist from a researcher-made questionnaire. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistical tests.

From 2156 hospitalized, 109 patient died, that the highest mortality rate was among the result of cesarean section neonates (68.9%), with APGAR score of 0-7 (82.6%), without congenital malformations (66.1%), weighting less than 1500 grams at birth (48.6%), in the gestational age 32-38 weeks (39.44%). Based on the results, most of the dead persons were single-day neonates, male, with head circumference 35 cm, at the age of 18 to 35 the mother, in diploma and urban mothers, with no history of previous neonate death, stillbirth, smoking and mental illness.

Due to the high mortality rate in neonates, especially single-day neonates, premature, weighting less than 1500 grams at birth and the result of cesarean section neonates, to reduce this rate as much as possible, effective and timely attentions and actions such as prenatal training for pregnant mothers is necessary.

Today, using internet in homes, schools, universities and libraries is growing but overuse and misuse of it will lead to internet addiction and will have negative consequences. This study is carried out with the intention of determining the rate of internet addiction among paramedical students of Islamic Azad University of Urmia.

This cross-sectional research, carried out in winter 1398 among students of Azad University of Urmia. 132 students of this center were selected randomly between paramedical students and were studied. Yang Internet Addiction Test was used for gathering information. SPSS application version 24 was used for analyzing data.

In this research between 132 paramedical students, 49 were boy and 83 were girl, the score obtained from Yang Test between 132 students under study was 4480 and the prevalence of Internet addiction among boys was higher than that of girls. According to this score, students of this center are among the normal users of internet and are not addicted but they are average 47.7 in term of internet dependency.

results of this research shows that students’ knowledge about internet addiction is not adequate and rate of internet dependency is moderate and if not managed and used excessively, it will not only be beneficial but also it will have negative consequences.

The effects that smartphones have had on the control of chronic diseases such as diabetes in recent years have taken self-care to a new level. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between demographic characteristics and dimensions of virtual self-care of diabetic children in Hamadan.

In the present quasi-experimental study, 92 children aged 10-18 years with type 1 diabetes, and one of the parents referred to the Diabetes Clinic in Hamadan were studied. The telephone numbers of all samples of the experimental group were added to the virtual group. A self-care questionnaire for a child with diabetes was completed before and after the study for both groups. Paired t-test and chi-square were used to analyze the data under Stata 11 software.

There was a significant relationship between weight and knowledge of insulin before the intervention (P = 0.003), weight and physical activity after the intervention (P = 0.032), and maternal knowledge with knowledge of insulin after the intervention (P = 0.014).

Demographic characteristics can affect the empowerment of children with diabetes in four areas: how to measure blood sugar, follow insulin therapy, and follow a diet plan and physical activity.

Migraine is the most common cause of headaches in children. Understanding the factors that lead to exacerbation of headaches and their recovery plays an important role in controlling the disease. Melatonin is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland of the midbrain and some surrounding tissues. Research has shown that melatonin levels are lower in patients with migraines than in healthy people. Propranolol is a first-line drug in the prevention of migraine headaches. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effect of propranolol with melatonin on improving migraine intensity in patients without sleep disorders.

In this study, 49 children aged 5 to 15 years old who referred to the pediatric neurology clinic of Besat Hospital in Hamadan with a headache complaint who were diagnosed with migraine were eligible to receive migraine prevention medication, entered the study. Patients with migraine without sleep disturbance were randomly divided into two groups. The first group (control group) were treated with propranolol tablets daily and the second group (case group) were treated with propranolol and melatonin tablets daily. The course of treatment was at least 4 weeks, and if patients received the appropriate response, treatment continued up to three months. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16.

In this study, 49 patients with migraine (27 boys and 22 girls) who had the criteria to enter the study with an average age of 2.26 ± 10.12 entered the study. The highest frequency was related to the location of the headache in the frontal region and the quality of the headache of the multiplier type. It took about 1.5 years between the onset of the headache and the patientschr('39') visit to the doctor. The results of this study showed that the most irritating factor was school-related headaches and stress. The difference in the mean number of monthly headaches until the first month of treatment was not significant between the two groups, but after another three months of medication, the second group (propranolol and melatonin) surpassed the first group (propranolol) and decreased further in the number of monthly headaches

 According to the results of this study, propranolol alone can be considered as an effective drug for the treatment of various migraine headaches in children, but the results showed that melatonin consumption, especially with a duration of use of more than one month, according to the regulation of the sleep cycle and Awakening, if combined with propranolol, can be both more effective in reducing patientschr('39') headaches and improving treatment satisfaction.

: The Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) occurs in 50% of infants under 1000 g and 30% of infants less than 1500 g. Treatment failure can exacerbate respiratory distress and its complications. Acetaminophen is a new drug with fewer side effects. The present study was designed and performed to evaluate the effect of this drug  and  intravenous ibuprofen on the treatment of Patent Ductus Arteriosus.

In this case-control study, 50 preterm infants who were less or equal to 14 days of age and diagnosis  of PDA   by echocardiographic were included and randomly divided into two groups. The first group was treated with intravenous ibuprofen and the second group was treated with intravenous acetaminophen for three days. At the end, the necessary information, including echocardiographic findings were analyzed using SPSS software version 16.

The findings of the present study showed that both ibuprofen and acetaminophen had equal effect in the closing of PDA in preterm infants.There was no significant difference in the duration of  hospitalisation between two  groups (P = 0.259). Possible side effects include intra-ventricular hemorrhage, thrombocytopenia, serum creatinine greater than 1.5 mg / dl, decreased urinary volume, necrotizing enterocolitis, positive blood culture and bronchopulmonary dysplasia were not significantly different between the two groups. The only significant complication was gastrointestinal bleeding, which was almost equally prevalent in both groups.

Acetaminophen  such as ibuprofen is effective as the main treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and it could be a safe alternative to ibuprofen.