فهرست مطالب

Archives of Medical Laboratory Sciences
Volume:5 Issue: 3, Summer 2019

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1399/07/19
  • تعداد عناوین: 5
|
  • Mohammadreza Saeidnia, Elnaz Vaziee, Amir Mahmoodzadeh, Masoumeh Abedini, Gholamhossein Tamaddon* Pages 1-9

    Autoimmune neutropenia (AIN) is the frequent cause of neutropenia in infants and children. AIN is associated with reduced neutrophil count, which is due to aberrant cell-mediated or humoral immune response. In this review we will discuss the available diagnostic approaches and management of the diseases. We collected data from PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline, Web of Science databases, using a group of key words, such as neutropenia, autoimmune, diagnosis and management from 2000 until 2019. The most important aspects of primary assessment in the affected children were family history and physical examinations. Diagnostic methods in this disease are granulocyte indirect agglutination test (GAT) and granulocyte immunofluorescence test (GIFT). However, the sensitivity and specificity of these tests are low. In these patients, injection of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), is the first line of treatment. Despite low prevalence, autoimmune neutropenia is a clinically significant disease and it is critical to identify it and pursue effective treatment in these patients.

    Keywords: Autoimmune neutropenia, Diagnosis, Treatment, Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor
  • Mahdiss Mohamadianamiri, Nooshin Eshraghi, Samaneh Rokhgireh, Fahimeh Karimi, Maryam Ebrahimi Pages 2-6
    Background

    Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) is defined as a group of disorders; they are characterized by uncontrolled trophoblastic cell proliferation and overproduction of β-HCG. It seems that an inappropriate diet is one of the major risk factors of GTD. Regardless of the size of the uterus;mole depletion by curettage suction is usually the preferred treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin A and curettage suction on the faster reduction of β-hCG level, and faster recovery of disease, consequently.

    Materialsand Methods

    In this study case (n=26) and control (n=26) groups received 50,000 IU of vitamin A intramuscularly, before and after curettage. β-hCG was measured weekly and after reaching zero every month for six months. RIA was used for measurement.

    Results

    Vitamin A reduced the level of β-hCG to zero in the patient compared to the control, one week earlier; this effect was statistically significant (P-Value<0.05). One of the members of the control group during follow-up progressed to gestational trophoblastic disease (GTN). Therewas no significant relationship between ABO blood groups among the two groups (P-Value:0.9). There was no significant relationship between gravity, parity and hematology parameters between the two groups (P-Value>0.05).

    Conclusion

    Finally, it can be said that vitamin A intake in GTD patients, along with other therapies, can improve the speed of recovery; it can prevent the disease progression. However, it does not prevent progression to GTN, completely. Therefore, further studies are needed in future studies

    Keywords: Vitamin A, Gestational trophoblastic disease, β-HCG, Hydatidiform moles
  • Elham Rostami, Fereshteh Amiri, Zohreh Mohammadi, Parisa Khanicheragh, Fahimeh Safizadeh, Fariba Mohammadi Tahroodi, Hossein Akbari Javar, Hourieh aram, Negar Yavar Pages 11-15
    Background

    The incidence of metabolic syndrome has been rising in the Iran population. In parallel, vitamin D deficiency has also been increasing in Iran. This study aims to explore the association of vitamin D serum concentrations with metabolic syndrome and its components in the Iranian population.

    Materialsand Methods:

    A case-control study was managed. We enrolled 110 metabolic syndrome patients, according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) criteria as a case group and 130 healthy individuals as a control group. The serum level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25 (OH)D), lipid profile, and fasting blood glucose(FBS) status were determined using a commercially available ELISA method. Enzymatic methods determined total cholesterol (Chol), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglyceride (TG) levels.

    Results

    In case group, the prevalence rate of 25 (OH)Ddeficiency (<10 ng/mL) was 10%, 25 (OH)D insufficiency (10–29 ng/mL) was 71.0%, and 25 (OH)D sufficiency (>30 ng/mL) was 19.0%. A non-significant association between Chol level and age was noted (p=0.46, p=0.124). The levels of FBS and TG were significantly higher, and the levels of 25 (OH)D, LDL, and HDL were significantly lower in the case of the group compared to the control group.

    Conclusion

    We found that the serum level of 25 (OH)D in patients with metabolic syndrome is lower than in the healthy group, and a low level of 25 (OH)D is related to increased risk of metabolic syndrome and its components

    Keywords: Metabolic syndrome, 25 (OH)D, Triglyceride, High-density lipoprotein, Low-density lipoprotein
  • Elham Rostami, Zakieh Sadat Sheikhalishahi, Vahideh behmard, Mohammad Panji, Fatemeh Sadat Moravej, Amin Namdari, Sina Dalvand, Azita Aliakbarniya, Negar Yavari, Vajiheh Najafi* Pages 16-20
    Background

    Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are generally observed in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and dialysis patients. The goal of this work was to compare the serum levels of vitamin D and its-related metabolic parameters in CKD patients and hemodialysis patients.

    Materialsand Methods

    A total of 109 dialysis patients and 99 CKD patients who had not consumed vitamin D for ≥ 1year were enrolled in this study. 25-Hydroxy vitamin D (25-(OH) D) levels, calcium, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), parathyroid hormone (PTH), and phosphorous were evaluated in the serum of the patients.

    Results

    25-(OH)D levels in patients with CKD and dialysis patients were 31.73±13.34 ng/mL and 15.52±5.36ng/mL, respectively. The levels of calcium (P=0.000), ALP (P=0.006), 25(OH)D (P=0.000), FBS (P=0.000), Hb (P=0.002), HCT (P=0.002), and TIBC (P=0.000) were significantly higher, and the levels of PTH (p=0.000) and phosphorous (P=0.000) were significantly lower in the CKD group compared to dialysis group.

    Conclusion

    The 25-(OH)Vitamin D levels and its metabolic parameters except PTH and phosphorus are lower in patients on dialysis compared with the patients with CKD.

    Keywords: Calcium, Chronickidney disease, Dialysis, 25-(OH)D, Parathyroid hormone
  • Azadeh Niroomand*, Fatemeh Shahbazi Pages 21-25
    Background

    Nowadays the use of herbs as an alternative to the chemical drug is considered by researchers. Aloe vera belongs to the Asphodelaceae family, a medicinal plant that has been used since ancient times for different pharmaceutical products. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial properties of Aloe vera grown in Khouzestan, southwest of Iran.

    Materials and Methods

    For this purpose, ethanol extract was prepared from aerial parts of Aloe vera and its activity was tested against some gram-positive (Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus) and gram-negative (Pseudomonass aeruginosa, Salmonella Typhi,Proteus mirabilis) bacterial species through standard Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration were also investigated.

    Results

    The Aloe vera extract showed antibacterial activity against the majority of bacteria. The highest activity (about 25mm inhibition zone) happened against P. aeruginosa but it did not show any inhibitory activity against S.aureus and P. mirabilis. The MIC was found as 10 mg/ml while MBC ≥ 80.

    Conclusion

    Based on the results of this study it can be suggested that Aloe vera contains active antibacterial substances that can be used efficiently for bacterial pathogen control and it should be considered as a potent antimicrobial source for finding new antibiotics, especially against resistant species.

    Keywords: Aloe vera, antibacterial properties, bacterial pathogen, potent antimicrobial source